807 research outputs found
Antinflammatory effects of Tisochrysis lutea F&M-M36 and Arthrospira platensis F&M-C256 extracts
Moraxella catarrhalis-specific Th1 cells in BAL fluids of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients' airway mucosa is infiltrated by macrophages and T lymphocytes, potentially reactive to pathogens. We studied the antigen-specificity and the effector functions of in vivo activated T lymphocytes isolated from BAL (Bronchoalveolar lavage) of 5 Moraxella catarrhalis (Mc)-infected and 5 Mc-non-infected COPD patients. Mc-specific T cells were detected only in BAL or peripheral blood of Moraxella catarrhalis-infected patients. The majority of BAL Mc-specific T cells expressed the T helper type 1 (Th1) cytokine profile with high cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activity. Upon antigen stimulation, all Me-specific T clones were able to help the immunoglobulin production by autologous B cells and the MMP (Matrix MetalloProteinase)-12 activity by monocytes. Our results suggest a role for Th1-driven response to Moraxella catarrhalis in the genesis of COPD
Visceral sensitivity modulation by faecal microbiota transplantation: the active role of gut bacteria in pain persistence
Preliminary comparison of oral and intestinal human microbiota in patients with colorectal cancer: a pilot study
Tisochrysis lutea F&M-M36 Mitigates Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome and Promotes Visceral Fat Browning through β3-Adrenergic Receptor/UCP1 Signaling
Pre-metabolic syndrome (pre-MetS) may represent the best transition phase to start treatments aimed at reducing cardiometabolic risk factors of MetS. In this study, we investigated the effects of the marine microalga Tisochrysis lutea F&M-M36 (T. lutea) on cardiometabolic components of pre-MetS and its underlying mechanisms. Rats were fed a standard (5% fat) or a high-fat diet (20% fat) supplemented or not with 5% of T. lutea or fenofibrate (100 mg/Kg) for 3 months. Like fenofibrate, T. lutea decreased blood triglycerides (p < 0.01) and glucose levels (p < 0.01), increased fecal lipid excretion (p < 0.05) and adiponectin (p < 0.001) without affecting weight gain. Unlike fenofibrate, T. lutea did not increase liver weight and steatosis, reduced renal fat (p < 0.05), diastolic (p < 0.05) and mean arterial pressure (p < 0.05). In visceral adipose tissue (VAT), T. lutea, but not fenofibrate, increased the β3-adrenergic receptor (β3ADR) (p < 0.05) and Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) (p < 0.001) while both induced glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) protein expression (p < 0.001) and decreased interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β gene expression (p < 0.05). Pathway analysis on VAT whole-gene expression profiles showed that T. lutea up-regulated energy-metabolism-related genes and down-regulated inflammatory and autophagy pathways. The multitarget activity of T. lutea suggests that this microalga could be useful in mitigating risk factors of MetS
Cancer prevention and therapy through the modulation of the tumor microenvironment
Cancer arises in the context of an in vivo tumor microenvironment. This microenvironment is both a cause and consequence of tumorigenesis. Tumor and host cells co-evolve dynamically through indirect and direct cellular interactions, eliciting multiscale effects on many biological programs, including cellular proliferation, growth, and metabolism, as well as angiogenesis and hypoxia and innate and adaptive immunity. Here we highlight specific biological processes that could be exploited as targets for the prevention and therapy of cancer. Specifically, we describe how inhibition of targets such as cholesterol synthesis and metabolites, reactive oxygen species and hypoxia, macrophage activation and conversion, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase regulation of dendritic cells, vascular endothelial growth factor regulation of angiogenesis, fibrosis inhibition, endoglin, and Janus kinase signaling emerge as examples of important potential nexuses in the regulation of tumorigenesis and the tumor microenvironment that can be targeted. We have also identified therapeutic agents as approaches, in particular natural products such as berberine, resveratrol, onionin A, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, curcumin, naringenin, desoxyrhapontigenin, piperine, and zerumbone, that may warrant further investigation to target the tumor microenvironment for the treatment and/or prevention of cancer
Hard bremsstrahlung in the pp -> pp gamma reaction
The pp -> pp gamma reaction has been measured at a beam energy of 310 MeV by
detecting both final protons in the PROMICE-WASA facility and identifying a
missing-mass peak. For those events where the pp excitation is less than 3 MeV,
the final diproton is almost purely in the 1S0 state and, under these
conditions, there is complete coverage in the photon c.m. angle theta_gamma.
The linear behaviour observed in cos^2(theta_gamma) shows that there is almost
no influence of an E2 multipole at this energy, though the E1 and M2 must be
rather similar in size.Comment: An error in Eq.(1) is corrected. The conclusions of the paper are not
changed in any significant way. Phys.Lett.B 673 (2009) 5 + erratum to appea
Significant and Conflicting Correlation of IL-9 With Prevotella and Bacteroides in Human Colorectal Cancer
Photoproduction of the Theta^+ and its vector and axial-vector structure
We present recent investigations on the vector and axial-vector transitions
of the baryon antidecuplet within the framework of the self-consistent SU(3)
chiral quark-soliton model, taking into account the 1/N_c rotational and linear
m_s corrections. The main contribution to the electric-like transition form
factor comes from the wave-function corrections. This is a consequence of the
generalized Ademollo-Gatto theorem. It is also found that in general the
leading-order contributions are almost canceled by the rotational 1/N_c
corrections. The results are summarized as follows: the vector and tensor
K^*-N-Theta coupling constants, g_{K^*-N-Theta}=0.74 - 0.87 and
f_{K^*-N-Theta}=0.53 - 1.16, respectively, and Gamma_{Theta->KN}=0.71 MeV,
based on the result of the K-N-Theta coupling constant g_{K-n-Theta}=0.83. We
also show the differential cross sections and beam asymmetries, based on the
present results. We also discuss the connection of present results with the
original work by Diakonov, Petrov, and Polyakov.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, An invited talk given at the Workshop of Excited
Nucleon - NSTAR2009 held in Beijing, April 19-22 200
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