THE COMPETITIVENESS OF VIETNAMESE COFFE INTO THE EU MARKET

Coffee industry is a new industry in Vietnam. Coffee was introduced into Vietnam when the global coffee market was growing strongly and coffee has been known in Vietnam since 1857. Through over 150 years of existence and development, coffee has now become one of the major agricultural products for exports of Vietnam, ranked No. 2 after rice, traditional food crops in Vietnam. With that position, Vietnam is now the 2nd largest nation of exporting coffee in the world after Brazil, particularly for exporting Robusta, Vietnam is the leader in the world. Coffee exports have contributed significantly to the economic growth of Vietnam, reducing the trade deficit and partly solved the problem of poverty reduction for people, especially in rural areas. In particular, the EU market is the largest consuming market and coffee importer in the world, as well as export-oriented market of Vietnamese coffee. This is a potential market for Vietnam in particular coffee items and most other commodities in general. However, not only Vietnam, but many other countries have also focused on developing exports of coffee to the EU, competition is becoming increasingly fierce. Vietnam needs to analyze and improve the competitiveness of Vietnam's coffee products exported to the EU market. This thesis uses main methods like synthetic methods, statistical methods and analysis, comparative method. Thesis structure includes contents related to general theory of competitiveness and the need to improve the competitiveness of Vietnam's coffee exports to the EU, competitive situation of Vietnam's coffee exports to the EU and measures to improve competitiveness of Vietnam's coffee exports to the EU

Students’ Attitudes Towards Education in Biology-Related Disciplines and the Need for Internationalization : A Survey at a Vietnamese University

This survey examined the attitudes of 538 undergraduate students enrolled at a Vietnamese university towards biology-related disciplines. Employing a structured questionnaire, the study explored several aspects, including students' interests in various biology-related fields, their motivations for pursuing these disciplines, their opinions on teaching methods, their aspirations for internationalization and study abroad experiences, the essential skills they believed were crucial for success, and the areas in teaching that required improvement. The survey results indicated that students acknowledged the significance of fields such as medicine and veterinary sciences, with their motivations largely influenced by job prospects and societal needs. Moreover, the results identified specific areas in teaching that students wanted to have improvement, such as laboratory work, practical skills development, fieldwork experiences, and exchange programs, and their attitude towards internationalization and study abroad opportunities, in relations to the factors such as age, gender, grade, and major. The insights gained from this survey can contribute to the enhancement of educational strategies and the creation of an engaging learning environment for students majoring in biology-related disciplines

Students’ Perceived Well-Being and Online Preference : Evidence from Two Universities in Vietnam during COVID-19

University education is still being impacted two years after the COVID-19 outbreak. We performed a rapid survey in February 2022 at two public universities in Vietnam to examine the effects of the pandemic on well-being and the factors that may associate with online class preference among university students as well as to investigate the need for support to improve resilience. A web-based survey included 1589 undergraduate students in total. Both quantitative and qualitative data analysis was carried out. Overall, approximately a quarter of respondents said that they perceived an influence on their health, 42.9% expressed stress, and more than 70% reported worrying about the future. In total, 61.9% of the respondents reported having satisfaction with online classes, while over half of them preferred a program of 50% online classes. Students who live in an urban area, are female, have had pre-COVID-19 campus life experience, have decreased income, and/or experience low online satisfaction and over-information may be in need of more support. The results show implications for universities to consider policies addressing well-being and post-pandemic online education. Providing support to university students to improve their resilience against the impact on their studying, campus life, health, and well-being should be prioritized during and post-pandemic

Characteristics of Surface Water Quality and Diversity of Zoobenthos in Water Bodies, An Giang Province, Vietnam

The use of zoobenthos to evaluate water quality has gained considerable interest due to its low cost and environmental friendliness. This study analyzed water and zoobenthos samples at 13 sites in the water bodies in An Giang province in the rainy season (on March) and dry season (on September) in 2018. The results showed that the surface water was contaminated by organic matters, suspended solids and coliforms. There was occurrence of 28 species of zoobenthos divided into five classes including Oligochaeta, Polychaeta, Insecta, Gastropoda, and Bivalvia in which Bivalvia was the most diverse class accounting for 75%. The densities of zoobenthos in the dry and wet season were from 30   divided into three clusters for the dry season and six clusters for the rainy season indicating seasonal variation of zoobenthos composition possibly due to variance of water and sediment characteristics. The results of Pearson correlation indicated that the composition of zoobenthos was strongly correlated with temperature, pH, N-NH4+ and N-NO3-. Using water quality index (WQI), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’) and associated average score per taxon (ASPT) for water quality assessment revealed that water quality ranges from medium (from α to β- mesosaprobe) to heavy pollution (Polysaprobe). There was inconsistency between using physicochemicals and diversity index of zoobenthos for water quality identification leading to the use of zoobenthos for water indication could result in misadjustment of water quality. Further study should investigate the relationship between zoobenthos and water quality in different ecological areas to better indicate role of zoobenthos in quick diagnose water quality

RESEARCH ON SOME PHYSICAL EDUCATION GAMES USED TO PROMOTE THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF 12-YEAR-OLD SCHOOLBOYS IN CA MAU CITY, VIETNAM

The paper has used standard scientific research methods in the field of Sports Science, including reference materials and interviews, to identify 30 physical education games for 12-year-old male pupils in Ca Mau City, Vietnam. Through a one-school-year experimental program (2018 - 2019) and utilizing the approaches of pedagogical testing, pedagogical experimentation, and statistical math, it has been proven that 30 movement games offered in physical education classes have a positive influence on children's development. More importantly, these exercise games have a bigger impact on the development of physical fitness and motor functions than on height growth.  Article visualizations

Students’ Attitudes Towards Education in Biology-Related Disciplines and the Need for Internationalization : A Survey at a Vietnamese University

This survey examined the attitudes of 538 undergraduate students enrolled at a Vietnamese university towards biology-related disciplines. Employing a structured questionnaire, the study explored several aspects, including students' interests in various biology-related fields, their motivations for pursuing these disciplines, their opinions on teaching methods, their aspirations for internationalization and study abroad experiences, the essential skills they believed were crucial for success, and the areas in teaching that required improvement. The survey results indicated that students acknowledged the significance of fields such as medicine and veterinary sciences, with their motivations largely influenced by job prospects and societal needs. Moreover, the results identified specific areas in teaching that students wanted to have improvement, such as laboratory work, practical skills development, fieldwork experiences, and exchange programs, and their attitude towards internationalization and study abroad opportunities, in relations to the factors such as age, gender, grade, and major. The insights gained from this survey can contribute to the enhancement of educational strategies and the creation of an engaging learning environment for students majoring in biology-related disciplines

Students’ Perceived Well-Being and Online Preference: Evidence from Two Universities in Vietnam during COVID-19

University education is still being impacted two years after the COVID-19 outbreak. We performed a rapid survey in February 2022 at two public universities in Vietnam to examine the effects of the pandemic on well-being and the factors that may associate with online class preference among university students as well as to investigate the need for support to improve resilience. A web-based survey included 1589 undergraduate students in total. Both quantitative and qualitative data analysis was carried out. Overall, approximately a quarter of respondents said that they perceived an influence on their health, 42.9% expressed stress, and more than 70% reported worrying about the future. In total, 61.9% of the respondents reported having satisfaction with online classes, while over half of them preferred a program of 50% online classes. Students who live in an urban area, are female, have had pre-COVID-19 campus life experience, have decreased income, and/or experience low online satisfaction and over-information may be in need of more support. The results show implications for universities to consider policies addressing well-being and post-pandemic online education. Providing support to university students to improve their resilience against the impact on their studying, campus life, health, and well-being should be prioritized during and post-pandemic

Identifying Key Parameters Influencing Soil Quality at Various Depths in Tram Chim National Park, Dong Thap Province, Vietnam

This study used multivariate statistics including cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate the variability and key indicators causing changes in soil quality in Tram Chim National Park, Dong Thap province, Vietnam. Soil samples were collected in the dry season at the habitats of Ischaemum rugosum (CM), Panicum repens (CO), Nelumbo nucifera (LS), Eleocharis dulcis (NO), Oryza rufipogon (LM), Rice field (RL), Melaleuca cajuputi (T) in two layers: A (0–20 cm) and B (20–40 cm). The parameters of pH, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total acidity (TA), organic matter (OM), total iron (Fe) and exchanged aluminum (Al3+) were used to assess soil quality. The results showed that soil pH was low in both A and B layers. Fe and Al were both high, and the concentrations of these metals in layer A were higher than those in layer B. The OM content was medium while the TN and TP levels were very low. Most of the soil quality indicators tended to decrease with the depth (except for TA). The results of CA analysis showed that there was almost no major change in soil quality between the two soil layers; however, the soil quality in rice field habitat was different from other habitats. The cause may be due to human impact in adding fertilizers/pesticides during farming practices. The PCA results showed at least five influencing factors, explaining 99.7% and 99.9% of soil quality variation in A and B layers. The Al3+, TA, OM, and TP parameters had the main influence on the soil quality of layer A. Meanwhile, the pH, Al3+, TA, TN, Fet indicators had influence on the soil quality of layer B. These indicators need to be future surveyed to assess the evolution of soil quality in the study area

Spatiotemporal Variations in Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Surface Water Using Statistical Analyses in Vinh Long Province, Vietnam

In this study, spatiotemporal fluctuations in surface water quality in Vinh Long province, Vietnam, were conducted using entropy weighting, water quality index (WQI), and multivariate statistical techniques, such as cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and discriminant analysis (DA). The samples collected at 63 monitoring locations in March, June, and September were measured for 15 parameters. Compared to the Vietnamese standard, surface water was contaminated with organic matters, nutrients, microorganisms, and salinity. DA identified the most typical parameters (pH, turbidity, TSS, EC, DO, Cl−, E. coli, coliform) in distinguishing temporal variations in water quality with greater than 75% of the correction. CA group 63 sampling sites into 22 clusters representing different land use patterns. WQI determined the worst water quality was found in the agricultural areas. Based on the results of entropy weighting, EC, coliform, N-NH4+, BOD, N-NO3−, and Fe had significantly controlled surface water quality. Four principal components obtained from PCA explained 66.45% of the variance, suggesting the influences of geohydrological factors and anthropogenic activities, such as domestic, market area, agriculture, and industry. The findings of this study can provide useful information for authorities to evaluate the effectiveness of monitoring systems and plan for water quality management strategies