11 research outputs found
Genotypic and allelic comparisons between Typhoid cases and controls.
1<p>ND = not done.</p
Summary of TLR4 polymorphisms associated with infectious diseases.
<p>Summary of TLR4 polymorphisms associated with infectious diseases.</p
Mutation detection in the T4_promoter fragment.
<p>Three polymorphisms were detected by dHPLC in the T4_promoter fragment and were verified by DNA sequencing. The four dHPLC graphs correspond to the wild-type sequence (A), SNPs T-441C (B), SNP A-271G (C) and SNP G-259C (D). The wild-type pattern is visible in all dHPLC graphs as a 1 peak trace. SNP T-441C is identified by an unequal height 2 peak trace (B), SNP A-271G is identified by an equal height 2 peak trace (C) and SNP G-259C is identified by a 3 peak trace (D). The positions of the sequence variants in the T4_promoter fragment identified by dHPLC were determined by DNA sequencing. All SNPs were present in the heterozygous state.</p
Primers used to generate amplicons for mutation detection in <i>TLR4</i> by dHPLC.
1<p>nucleotides in bold represent GC clamps added to the primer to improve the melting profile of the generated amplicon for mutation detection.</p>2<p>the temperatures used in dHPLC for each fragment to accurately identify sequence changes in TLR4.</p
<i>TLR4</i> gene structure and fragment design for dHPLC.
<p>E1, E2, E3 denotes exons 1, 2, and 3. E2a denotes an alternative exon 2. I1, I2, I3 denotes intronic sequences. 5′UTR and 3′UTR represent the untranslated regions. The lines underneath the gene structure show the approximate positions of the 11 fragments designed for mutation detection by dHPLC. The names of each fragment are above the lines.</p
The positions of the <i>TLR4</i> polymorphisms in the genomic sequence and the polypeptide sequence.
<p>Three polymorphisms were identified in the upstream region (T-441C, A-271G, G-259C), one in intron 2 (T4025A), one in exon 2 (C4215G), and five in exon 3 (C7944T, A7947G, A8177G, C8850T, G9605T). E1, E2, E3, E2a, represent exons 1, 2, 3 and the alternative exon 2. Transcriptional site indicated as +1. 6 exonic polymorphisms cause a change in amino acid residue, with 5 in the ectoplasmic domain and 1 in the plasma membrane domain. LRR denotes; leucine rich repeat. TIR denotes; Toll/IL-1R domain.</p
Demographic data for cases of TBM and pulmonary tuberculosis recruited to the study.
a<p>Defined as the main place of residence on entry to the study. Urban addresses were those within the central districts of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC); sub-urban addresses were those within the outer districts of HCMC; rural (HCMC surrounds) addresses were in the immediate surrounding rural districts of HCMC; the other rural addresses were defined by whether they were south east or south west of HCMC.</p
<i>TLR</i>2 T597C SNP allele and bacterial genotype frequencies: comparison with host genotype distribution in the cord blood control group.
a<p>OR was calculated comparing each group to the genotype/allele distribution in the cord blood controls.</p
<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> lineages defined by large sequence polymorphism (LSP) analysis.
<p>The circles represent Region of difference (RD region) deleted in each lineage. Only East Asian, Indo-Oceanic and Euro-American lineages were identified in Vietnam.</p
LSP lineages of <i>M. tuberculosis</i> isolates causing pulmonary and meningeal tuberculosis.
a<p>Undefined isolates failed to generate a product on repeated PCR for one of the two RD regions despite generating product for other PCRs; it is likely these isolates carried additional deletions or mutations in the primer region.</p>b<p>Odds ratio was calculated comparing the meningeal and pulmonary proportions for each lineage.</p