28,553 research outputs found
Dynamical stability of entanglement between spin ensembles
We study the dynamical stability of the entanglement between the two spin
ensembles in the presence of an environment. For a comparative study, we
consider the two cases: a single spin ensemble, and two ensembles linearly
coupled to a bath, respectively. In both circumstances, we assume the validity
of the Markovian approximation for the bath. We examine the robustness of the
state by means of the growth of the linear entropy which gives a measure of the
purity of the system. We find out macroscopic entangled states of two spin
ensembles can stably exist in a common bath. This result may be very useful to
generate and detect macroscopic entanglement in a common noisy environment and
even a stable macroscopic memory.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur
Idealized Slab Plasma approach for the study of Warm Dense Matter
Recently, warm dense matter (WDM) has emerged as an interdisciplinary field
that draws increasing interest in plasma physics, condensed matter physics,
high pressure science, astrophysics, inertial confinement fusion, as well as
materials science under extreme conditions. To allow the study of well-defined
WDM states, we have introduced the concept of idealized-slab plasmas that can
be realized in the laboratory via (i) the isochoric heating of a solid and (ii)
the propagation of a shock wave in a solid. The application of this concept
provides new means for probing the dynamic conductivity, equation of state,
ionization and opacity. These approaches are presented here using results
derived from first-principles (density-functional type) theory, Thomas-Fermi
type theory, and numerical simulations.Comment: 37 pages, 21 figures, available, pdf file only. To appear in: Laser
and Particle beams. To appear more or less in this form in Laser and Particle
beam
Birth Kick Distributions and the Spin-Kick Correlation of Young Pulsars
Evidence from pulsar wind nebula symmetry axes and radio polarization
observations suggests that pulsar motions correlate with the spin directions.
We assemble this evidence for young isolated pulsars and show how it can be
used to quantitatively constrain birth kick scenarios. We illustrate by
computing several plausible, but idealized, models where the momentum thrust is
proportional to the neutrino cooling luminosity of the proto-neutron star. Our
kick simulations include the effects of pulsar acceleration and spin-up and our
maximum likelihood comparison with the data constrains the model parameters.
The fit to the pulsar spin and velocity measurements suggests that: i) the
anisotropic momentum required amounts to ~10% of the neutrino flux, ii) while a
pre-kick spin of the star is required, the preferred magnitude is small
10-20rad/s, so that for the best-fit models iii) the bulk of the spin is
kick-induced with ~120rad/s and iv) the models suggest that the
anisotropy emerges on a timescale ~1-3s.Comment: 37 pages, 13 figures, ApJ accepte
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Electrospray synthesis of PLGA TIPS microspheres
We successfully demonstrate the synthesis of polymer microspheres using a single electrospray source, and show their physical characterisation. Electrospray has proven to be a versatile method to manufacture particles, giving tight control over size with quasi-monodisperse size distributions. It is a liquid atomisation technique that generates a monodisperse population of highly charged liquid droplets over a broad size range (nanometres to tens of microns). The droplets contain liquid precursors for the in-flight synthesis of particles, and control over the trajectory of these droplets can be precisely manipulated with the use of electric fields to drive them to a grounded substrate. This study reports a method to synthesize poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) microspheres using the electrospray and thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) techniques, followed by subsequent freeze-drying, for particle production. These microspheres are of interest as vehicles for controlled drug release systems
An ultrafast 1 x M all-optical WDM packet-switched router based on the PPM header address
This paper presents an all-optical 1 x M WDM router architecture for packet routing at multiple wavelengths simultaneously, with no wavelength conversion modules. The packet header address adopted is based on the pulse position modulation (PPM) format, thus enabling the use of only a singlebitwise optical AND gate for fast header address correlation. It offers multicast as well as broadcast capabilities. It is shown that a high speed packet routing at 160 Gb/s can be achieved with a low channel crosstalk (CXT) of ~ -27 dB at a channel spacing of greater than 0.4 THz and a demultiplexer bandwidth of 500 GHz
Frustrated multiband superconductivity
We show that a clean multiband superconductor may display one or several
phase transitions with increasing temperature from or to frustrated
configurations of the relative phases of the superconducting order parameters.
These transitions may occur when more than two bands are involved in the
formation of the superconducting phase and when the number of repulsive
interband interactions is odd. These transitions are signalled by slope changes
in the temperature dependence of the superconducting gaps.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Clump Distance to the Magellanic Clouds and Anomalous Colors in the Galactic Bulge
I demonstrate that the two unexpected results in the local Universe: 1)
anomalous intrinsic (V-I)_0 colors of the clump giants and RR Lyrae stars in
the Galactic center, and 2) very short distances to the Magellanic Clouds (LMC,
SMC) as inferred from clump giants, are connected with each other. The (V-I)_0
anomaly is partially resolved by using the photometry from the phase-II of the
Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) rather than phase-I. The need
for V- or I-magnitude-based change in the bulge (V-I)_0 is one option to
explain the remaining color discrepancy. Such change may originate in a
coefficient of selective extinction A_V/E(V-I) smaller than typically assumed.
Application of the (V-I)_0 correction (independent of its source) doubles the
slope of the absolute magnitude - metallicity relation for clump giants, so
that M_I(RC) = -0.23 + 0.19[Fe/H]. Consequently, the estimates of the clump
distances to the LMC and SMC are affected. Udalski's (1998c) distance modulus
of mu_{LMC} = 18.18 +/- 0.06 increases to mu_{LMC} = 18.27 +/- 0.07. The
distance modulus to the SMC increases by 0.12 to mu_{SMC} = 18.77 +/- 0.08. I
argue that a more comprehensive assessment of the metallicity effect on M_I(RC)
is needed.Comment: accepted by ApJ Letters, brief review of the short distance scale
dropped, discussion of the absolute magnitude - metallicity relation for
clump giants shortened and made more qualitative, results basically unchange
Development of mainshaft seals for advanced air breathing propulsion systems, phase 1 Final report, 25 Jun. 1965 - 25 Jul. 1967
Comparison of gas film mainshaft seals with rubbing contract seals for high temperature, high speed, and high pressure gas turbine application
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