Adaptive Coherent Lp-Norm Combining

Abstract — In this paper, we introduce an adaptive Lp–norm metric for robust coherent diversity combining in non–Gaussian noise and interference. We derive a general closed–form expres-sion for the asymptotic bit error rate (BER) for Lp–norm combin-ing in independent non–identically distributed Ricean fading and non–Gaussian noise and interference with finite moments. Based on this asymptotic BER expression, the metric parameters can be adapted to the underlying type of noise and interference using a finite difference stochastic approximation (FDSA) algorithm. Simulation results confirm the validity of the derived asymptotic BER expression and the excellent performance of the proposed adaptive Lp–norm metric. I

Asymptotic performance analysis and design of wireless communication systems in generalized fading and noise

One of the most important challenges for communication system designers is to combat the detrimental effects of fading and noise. Fading refers to random changes in the channel gain due to shadowing and multi-path propagation of the transmitted signal. Several statistical distributions have been proposed to model the fading phenomenon. On the other hand, various techniques, such as multi-antenna transmission and/or reception (e.g., space-time coding) have been proposed to improve the performance of wireless communication systems in fading channels. Clearly, the performance and consequently, the design of these systems depend on the considered fading model. Since the wireless environment is intrinsically dynamic and may also experience the keyhole effect, i.e., not fully correlated but rank deficient fading, it is important to have a comprehensive performance analysis framework which is applicable to a wide range of fading models. In this thesis, we provide such a framework for the analysis of single-antenna transmission with receive diversity and space-time coding in generalized non-keyhole and keyhole fading channels. The presented analysis provides valuable new insights into system design and can be used to obtain tight asymptotic upper bounds for the bit, symbol, and frame error probabilities. The second subject studied in this thesis is non-Gaussian noise. Noise (which in our definition includes interference) in communication systems has been traditionally modelled as Gaussian. This is mainly motivated by the tractability of the design and analysis of communication systems in Gaussian noise and is justified by the central limit theorem. However, wireless communication systems are often impaired by non-Gaussian noise and interference as well. Examples of non-Gaussian noise include co-channel interference, man-made or natural impulsive noise, and ultra-wideband interference. In this thesis, we analyze the performance of single-antenna transmission and space-time codes impaired by non-Gaussian noise and interference. Our general and easy-to-evaluate results reveal the effects of these types of noise and pave the way for designing robust detection techniques that perform close to optimum for a wide range of practical noise and interference environments. As an example, we propose an adaptive Lp -norm metric for robust detection in non-Gaussian noise which outperforms previously reported metrics.Applied Science, Faculty ofElectrical and Computer Engineering, Department ofGraduat

Characterizations of Exponentiated Generalized Power Lindley and Geometric-Zero Truncated Poisson Distributions

MirMostafaee et al. (2019) proposed a continuous univariate distribution called Exponentiated Generalized Power Lindley (EGPL) distribution and studied certain properties and applications of their distribution. Akdogan et al. (2019) introduced a discrete distribution called Geometric-Zero Truncated Poisson (GZTP) distribution and provided its properties and applications. The present short note is intended to complete, in some way, the works cited above via establishing certain characterizations of the EGPL and GZTP distributions in different directions

Characterizations of Three (2020) Introduced Discrete Distributions

The problem of characterizing a probability distribution is an important problem which has attracted the attention of many researchers in the recent years. To understand the behavior of the data obtained through a given process, we need to be able to describe this behavior via its approximate probability law. This, however, requires to establish conditions which govern the required probability law. In other words we need to have certain conditions under which we may be able to recover the probability law of the data. So, characterization of a distribution plays an important role in applied sciences, where an investigator is vitally interested to find out if their model follows the selected distribution. In this short note, certain characterizations of three recently introduced discrete distributions are presented to complete, in some way, the works ofHussain(2020), Eliwa et al.(2020) and Hassan et al.(2020)

Evaluation of the Efficiency of Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge reactor for Treatment of Wastewater from Vegetable Oil Industries

Background & Aims of the Study: Wastewater discharges from vegetable oil industry cause environmental problem, including pollution of groundwater and surface water. Therefore, this study evaluated the efficiency of Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) reactor for treatment of wastewater from Varamin vegetable oil industries. Materials & Methods: This was an experimental study. The anaerobic reactor and the aerobic reactor with sedimentation unit were made from polyethylene and plexiglas. The IFAS reactor was packed with ratio 70% by Honeycomb packing F 19-1. To create optimal growth conditions for microorganisms in anaerobic digestion, the COD/N/P ratio was adjusted to 300/5/1. Sampling and analysis of the total of the parameters studied at the system stability time during different times from the pilot output. Results: The results showed the high removal efficiency of the COD, BOD and TSS (97.9%, 98.2% and 98.8 %, for 2 day anaerobic and 8 hrs aerobic, respectively). Also, the highest COD removal efficiency was observed for these three parameters in the IFAS system at HRT 8 hrs aerobic (>99.7%, >97.7% and 97.6 %, respectively). Conclusion: In general, the results showed that industrial wastewater treatment methods using the IFAS biological reactor are a suitable method for the removal of pollutants and can replace conventional methods. Also, the efficiency of removing COD, BOD and TSS from plant effluent has been at the optimum level for all retention time managed by the IFAS system

Activated Carbon and Graphitic Carbon Nitride Immobilized on Mesoporous Silica for Adsorption of Nitrobenzene

Adsorption of nitrobenzene (NB) from aqueous solution onto mesoporous silica materials, i.e., pyrolyzed MCM-41 (Si–C), pyrolyzed Al-MCM-41 (Al–C), MCM-41 containing g-C₃N₄ (Si–C₃), and Al-MCM-41 containing g-C₃N₄ (Al–C₃) were investigated. Results indicated that NB adsorption was fast, and the adsorption process reached a steady state in under 5 min. The adsorption data were tested by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich–Peterson isotherm models, and the Langmuir isotherm was found to provide a better fit with the experimental data. The maximum adsorption capacities of various sorbents Al–C, Si–C, Al–C₃, and Si–C₃ were 243.9 mg/g, (1982 μmol/g), 217.4 mg/g (1767 μmol/g), 116.3 mg/g (945.1 μmol/g), and 54.95 mg/g (446.5 μmol/g), respectively