Using Web Services to Foster Global Collaboration in Sound Design

Presented at the 14th International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD2008) on June 24-27, 2008 in Paris, France.The migration of client-server systems to web services using Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) design principles is widespread and likely to dominate the future evolution of computing. Use of web services is especially challenging for streaming content such as that which would be used for sound design. This paper describes the principles of a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and ways that it could support sound design and foster global collaboration across the web

The effect of pitch shifts on the identification of environmental sounds: Design considerations for the modification of sounds in auditory displays

Presented at the 11th International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD2005)To examine the plausibility of dynamically adjusting the sounds presented by an auditory display, a study addressing the effects of pitch shifting on the identifiability of a set of forty-one environmental sounds was carried out. The sounds were shifted both up and down in pitch and presented to listeners who were asked to identify them. Results show that pitch shifting is detrimental to the identification of environmental sounds, suggesting that benefits gained from dynamically manipulating sounds in an auditory display must be carefully weighed against perceptual effects on their identifiability. Results also indicated that the sounds in our study better retained their identity when shifted down in pitch than when shifted up. This result however is believed to arise from confounds in the study

Interconnecting tactical service-oriented infrastructures with federation services

The availability and timely exchange of information is a fundamental requirement for network-centric warfare. An increasing number of military operations are distributed in nature, requiring information sharing across geographically separated enclaves of information. The connectivity between these enclaves consists of tactical links with intermittent connectivity, limited bandwidth, and variable latency. Therefore, the information sharing architecture must accommodate unreliable and transiently disconnected networks. Our middleware approach realizes a set of federation services to interconnect multiple instances of the U.S. Marine Corps' Marine Command and Control Systems and Applications Tactical Service-oriented Architecture (MC2SA TSoA). This federation capability supports a publish/subscribe/query model and provides reliability in the information exchange between information enclaves. The federation capability also supports enforcement of policies to control or limit the nature of the information shared. The ultimate goal is to increase information availability and access regardless of location while providing transparency to clients. © 2013 IEEE

Progression of Knee Osteoarthritis With Use of Intraarticular Glucocorticoids Versus Hyaluronic Acid

ObjectiveTo determine whether intraarticular glucocorticoid (GC) injections are associated with increased knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression compared to hyaluronic acid (HA) injections, which have been reported to delay OA progression and knee replacement.MethodsWe identified participants from 2 large cohort studies, the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) and the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study. Study visits were performed at regular intervals and included questionnaires about intraarticular GC or HA injection use in the previous 6 months and incident total knee replacement (TKR). Knee radiographs were obtained at each study visit and interpreted in a similar manner. Outcome measures were radiographic progression based on Kellgren/Lawrence (K/L) grade and joint space narrowing (JSN) for both cohorts and based on medial joint space width for OAI participants, and incident TKR. We compared preinjection and postinjection radiographs to generate rate ratios of progression comparing GC injection with HA injection. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the rate of TKR for both groups.ResultsWe studied 791 participants (980 knees) with knee OA, of whom 629 reported GC injection use and 162 HA injection use. Rate ratios of progression were similar between those receiving GCs and those receiving HA for JSN (1.00 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.83-1.21]), K/L grade (1.03 [95% CI 0.83-1.29]), and medial joint space width (1.03 [95% CI 0.72-1.48]). Hazard of TKR was slightly lower for those receiving intraarticular GC compared to those receiving HA (hazard ratio 0.75 [95% CI 0.51-1.09]).ConclusionIntraarticular GC injections are not associated with an increased risk of knee OA progression compared to HA