The Viscosity Behaviour of PEGylated Locust Bean Gum/Rosin Ester Polymeric Nanoparticles

In this study, PEGylated locust bean gum–rosin glycerol ester polymeric nanoparticles (PEG-LBG/RE PNPs) were synthesized by using simple ultrasonic irradiation method. The nanoparticles were characterized by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The viscosity behaviors of nanoparticles were studied in different conditions (pH, sonication time, and salt). The experimental results were calculated by Huggins, Kraemer, Tanglertpaibul-Rao, and Higiro models to understand the colloidal stability, the miscibility mechanism, and coefficients of nanoparticles. The results confirmed that the homogenous distribution of nanostructure was related to sonication time (30 min) and the presence of NaOH salt. With the addition of NaOH, the nanosystem based on ionotropic gelation technique was made more homogeneous. The results made us think that nanoparticles can be a good candidate for drug delivery systems in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications

Preparation, Characterization, and Swelling Behavior of PEGylated Guar Gum @ Ag Nanoparticles

In this study, polyethylene glycol/guar gum @ silver nanoparticles (PEG/GG@AgNPs) were synthesized by using simple sonication method. The nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The swelling behaviors of nanoparticles were studied in different pHs (5.5 and 7.4). The experimental results were calculated by Fickian diffusion and Schott kinetic models to understand the swelling mechanism and coefficients of the nanoparticles. The results showed that the linear equation of the Fickian diffusion kinetic model was best fit to explain the water diffusion mechanism of the nanoparticle with high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.982–0.987). The results confirmed that the swelling degree of nanoparticles were 9.71 g/g at pH 5.5. Also, the results confirmed that PEG/GG@AgNPs can be a good candidate for drug delivery systems in pharmaceutical applications

Preparation and characterization of superhydrophobic surfaces based on hexamethyldisilazane-modified nanoporous alumina

Superhydrophobic nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (alumina) surfaces were prepared using treatment with vapor-phase hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS). Nanoporous alumina substrates were first made using a two-step anodization process. Subsequently, a repeated modification procedure was employed for efficient incorporation of the terminal methyl groups of HMDS to the alumina surface. Morphology of the surfaces was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, showing hexagonally ordered circular nanopores with approximately 250 nm in diameter and 300 nm of interpore distances. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance analysis showed the presence of chemically bound methyl groups on the HMDS-modified nanoporous alumina surfaces. Wetting properties of these surfaces were characterized by measurements of the water contact angle which was found to reach 153.2 ± 2°. The contact angle values on HMDS-modified nanoporous alumina surfaces were found to be significantly larger than the average water contact angle of 82.9 ± 3° on smooth thin film alumina surfaces that underwent the same HMDS modification steps. The difference between the two cases was explained by the Cassie-Baxter theory of rough surface wetting

Ethanol detection performance of vertically aligned V2O5 nanowire-based sensor

In this study, ethanol detection performance of divanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanowire array was investigated at various temperatures. The main purpose of this study is to develop a novel V2O5 nanowires-based sensor for the detection of ethanol using an Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) template by direct voltage electrodeposition at room temperature. It was observed that the V2O5 nanowires were approximately 60 nm in diameter in a large area of 6 cm(2). X-ray Diffraction (XRD) spectrum indicated the formation of V2O5. The XRD peak was indexed as V2O5 located at 2 theta degrees approximately equal to 20 degrees that is attributed to the (001) lattice plane. The sensitivity of the V2O5 nanowire array was found 0.24 at 200 degrees C for 50 ppm ethanol. The results reveal that the diffusivity of the V2O5 molecules increases rapidly with increasing temperature, causing an increased sensitivity. The maximum sensor response was obtained at 200 degrees C. The limit of detection (LOD) of the V2O5 nanowire array sensor was 500 ppb at 200 degrees C. The response time (t(90)) of the V2O5 nanowire array sensor was calculated to be 52 s and the recovery time was 26 s at 200 degrees C

DIGITALIZATION OF SOLAR ENERGY: A PERSPECTIVE

The risky limits of fossil fuel reserves are increasingly increasing the importance of energy in sustainable development. Global energy consumption is expected to increase by 28% by 2040. High economic growth rates of developing countries increase their energy consumption. The changing geographical and economic balances in energy reveal the necessity of producing long-term solutions to the changes in energy markets. Energy policies, green energy and new technologies are emerging as priority issues in the energy market. In the case of predictions, renewable energy will stand out as the fastest growing energy source in the world. The solar energy sector is considered as one of the most important investment in renewable energy resources invested together with government incentives. Intelligent technologies, including the connection of objects to the Internet, storage of big data, cloud computing systems, artificial intelligence (AI) development, virtual reality, and other forms of advanced communication, fundamentally change the operation of businesses and societies. Digitalization of solar energy is an important issue for especially smart cities

Energy storage performance of three-dimensional ta nanopillars based electrode for supercapacitors

In this study, Ta nanopillar array was prepared using Anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) nanotemplate assisted method. Ta nanopillars are approximately 80 nm in width and 150 nm in length. In electrochemical measurements, the electrons in the Ta nanopillars and ions in the H2SO4 electrolyte formed the electrical double layer supercapacitor (EDLC). The specific capacitance of the Ta nanopillar array electrode was 640 Fg- 1. Ta nanopillar array electrode has 86% retention after 1000 cycles. The results reveal that the Ta nanopillar array-based electrode is a potential candidate electrode material for supercapacitors

Synthesis and Characterization of Konjac Gum/Polyethylene Glycol-Silver Nanoparticles and their Potential Application as a Colorimetric Sensor for Hydrogen Peroxide

Green and low-cost synthesis strategies for ultrasonic preparation of polymer blend matrix-based silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and the development of rapid and highly sensitive detection routes have a great attention in optical sensor applications. In this study, we investigated the hydrogen peroxide detection performance of Konjac gum/polyethylene glycol-silver nanoparticles (KG/PEG-Ag NPs). The KG/PEG-Ag NPs were synthesized via an ultrasonic process and characterized by different techniques, such as ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), and The Xray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore, we determined the experimental optimization on the effect of the rheological parameters of nanostructure with the highest correlation constant (R-2:0.989-0.996), and the intrinsic viscosity (14.71-26.77 dl/g). To provide the miscible polymer blends and homogeneous dispersion of the nanostructure, we compared the rheological parameters with the experimental results. The response time was less than 5 s and the lower limit of detection was 0.071 mu M. This novel, highly sensitive, rapid, and naked-eye colorimetric biosensor based-Ag NPs, which are prepared using an ultrasonic manufacturing approach, opens up a green approach of development facile detection of hydrogen peroxide in practical biomedical applications

Comparative study on ultrasonic assisted adsorption of Basic Blue 3, Basic Yellow 28 and Acid Red 336 dyes onto hydromagnesite stromatolite: kinetic, isotherm and error analysis

In this study, we focused on the performance of an adsorbent such as a hydromagnesite stromatolite (HS) for rapid and efficient ultrasonic-assisted adsorption of Basic Blue 3, Basic Yellow 28 and Acid Red 336 dyes from aqueous solution. The initial dye concentration (0.05-0.10 g/L), adsorbent dose (0.1-0.5 g), pH (2-10), and temperature (20-40 degrees C) were evaluated. HS was characterized by means of BET, FTIR, SEM, and XRD. The surface area was observed to be 20.12 m(2)/g for HS. Different kinetic models, isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Redlich-Peterson, Frumkin, Harkins - Jura, Halsey and Henderson) and error analysis were calculated to explain the adsorption mechanism of dye on the surface of HS. The kinetic parameters of adsorption of all dyes were well-defined by the pseudo-second-order with R-2 of 0.984-1.000 while the thermodynamic parameters demonstrated endothermic and feasible nature of the adsorption with Delta H-o of 24.6-45.1 kJ/mol and Delta S-o of 109.4-322.5 J/mol K. The uptake (%) values of HS for BB3, BY28 and AR336 were %31, %50, and %91, respectively. An eco-friendly and low-cost HS for removal of dyes from the aqueous solution within 100 s - 1200 s; HS was proposed in wastewater treatment

Highly sensitive and selective rGO based Non-Enzymatic electrochemical sensor for propamocarb fungicide pesticide detection

In this study, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was prepared using a green ultrasonic microwave assisted method and investigated rGO based non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for detecting a synthetic fungicide as a propamocarb (PM) pesticide. The rGO-based sensor exhibited rapid response within 1 min, low detection limit of 0.6 mu M and wide linear range of (1-5) mu M with a high sensitivity of 101.1 mu A mu M- 1 cm-2 for PM. Besides this, the sensor detected the propamocarb pesticide on the real cucumber sample with high sensitivity in the concentration range of (1-5) mu M within a 1-minute cycle. The sensor is highly selective against propamocarb pesticide. The prepared non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor exhibited high sensitivity, high selectivity, reproducibility, and rapid response

Cu core shell nanosphere based electrochemical non-enzymatic sensing of glucose

In this study, we prepared Copper (Cu) metal-based core shell nanosphere (spherical Cu/CuO/SiO2 nanostructures with approximately 100 nm size) using a green ultrasound method for investigation the electrochemical sensing of glucose, fructose, lactose, and maltose. In the non-enzymatic glucose Cu-core shell nanosphere sensor based on electrode surfaces, we proved that the morphology of the electrode material has a large impact on the performance of the sensor. The Cu core shell nanospheres were prepared by using nontoxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible biopolymer chitosan, which were modified by an inorganic phase SiO2. Electrochemical properties of Cu core shell nanospheres were compared against glucose, fructose, lactose, and maltose in PBS. The electrochemical measurement results indicate that prepared Cu core shell nanosphere based electrochemical sensor has a higher sensitivity and selectivity against to glucose. Prepared Cu core shell nanosphere based electrochemical sensor detected [3-12] mM glucose with sensitivity of 8 mu A. mM(-1). cm(-2) during 1 min cyclic voltammetry measurement. Lower limit of detection of the prepared glucose sensor was found to be 1.45 mM. This study reveals new high potential novel Cu core shell nanosphere based sensing material for selective detection of glucose with high sensitivity. The innovation of non-enzymatic glucose sensors with synthesized Cu core shell nanosphere in this study was proposed and was shown from a promising perspective in this period