Breeding Process Aimed at Dwarf Hops

Crossings aimed at breeding of new dwarf hop progenies were carried out within the international EUREKA project. Totally 22,327 genotypes were obtained. After the assessment lasting for four years twelve perspective genotypes entered the registration trials in Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture. The most effi cient are genotypes N11 and N12 with alpha bitter acids contents of 8.85, resp. 7.71% and yield of 1.75 t/ha, resp. 1.3 t/ha. Genotypes N5 and N10 are very similar from alpha bitter acids contents and composition of hop resins point of view to Saazer. Genotype N6 is interesting because of the mixture of fl oral, fruity and spicy aromas of its cones. At present all these genotypes are tested not only by farmers but by brewers as well

Evaluation of yield and alpha acid content in selected hop varieties

The stability of the agricultural and technological properties of hop varieties over the course of time and under changing climate is essential for both growers and brewers. This study is a typical case of monitoring 12 hop varieties selected from a collection of hop genetic resources, that were evaluated in the years 2009 to 2021. The assessed parameters were the hop yield and content of alpha acids with a focus on the variability/stability of this characteristics. Only the Pilgrim and Target hop varieties from England showed exceptional hop yield above 3 kg/plant. On the other hand, the lowest hop yield was obtained from the Saaz and Bramling Cross hop varieties, i.e. below 1.5 kg/plant. The lowest variability of hop yield - below 30% - was found in the Savinjski Golding, Bramling Cross and Saaz hop varieties. In contrast, the Bobek, Aurora, Pioneer and Phoenix hop varieties demonstrated the highest variability of hop yield, i.e. above 50%. Further, also Target and Phoenix have the highest content of alpha acids, namely 9.68% w/w and 9.56% w/w, respectively. The lowest content of alpha acids was determined in Saaz, which was the only hop variety with an alpha acid content below 3.0% w/w. The Premiant, Target and Aurora hop varieties exhibited a variability of alpha acid content below 20%. On the contrary, the Bobek and Pilgrim hop varieties had the highest variability of alpha acid content, namely above 30%.O

New Varieties and Perspective Genotypes of Hops

Hop breeding in Czech Republic has been aimed at aroma and bitter hops for a long time. Recently, we have managed to get some new genotypes with a specifi c fl avour. In 2017 Gaia and Boomerang have been released. New genotypes 5193 and 5164 have been submitted to registration process. New generation of fl avour hops is typical by the wide variability of the various types of hop aroma

Evaluation of hop yield stability in Czech bitter hop varieties

Between the years 2011 and 2022, the Czech hop varieties Agnus, Rubín, Vital, Gaia and Boomerang were evaluated in terms of their hop yield. The highest hop yield was recorded in Gaia (2.99 kg/plant) and Vital (2.92 kg/plant). Boomerang had the lowest yield (2.11 kg/plant.). The lowest variability of yield was determined in Vital (19.74%) and the highest in Boomerang (33.29%) and Agnus (32.98%). Vital demonstrated the lowest decreasing trend of hop yield over a period of 12 years. Rubín showed the highest decreasing trend

Impartment of spicy, fruity and herbal aromas from the Czech hop varieties of Ceres, Pluto and Saturn to beer

The aim of the study is to evaluate the intensity and character of the beer aroma in selected hop varieties. In 2022 and 2023, new Czech Flavour hop varieties of Ceres, Pluto, and Saturn were registered. Ceres exhibits a mild citrusy and fruity hop aroma. Pluto has an intense fruity and herbal aroma, while Saturn has an intense fruity aroma with a milder citrus note. Differences in the intensity and character of the beer aroma were identified based on the hop variety used and the cold hopping dose. These varieties and their combinations were tested under cold hopping at 3 g/l and 6 g/l to assess the impartment of the aromas to beer. The combination of Pluto + Saturn shows the highest intensity of a spicy aroma, while Ceres exhibits the highest intensity of both the fruity and herbal aromas – all this at 6 g/l. The best character of the spicy aroma is observed with Ceres at 3 g/l. Ceres also demonstrates the best character of the fruity aroma, and Ceres + Pluto combination excels in the herbal aroma, both at the dose of 6 g/l. The popularity of beer is crucial, with the combination of Ceres + Pluto at 3 g/l proving to be the most popular. The results have practical applications in breweries producing bottom-fermented beers that utilize dry hopping. It is obvious which hop varieties or their combinations can be used to accentuate individual aroma profiles

Essential oils in Czech hop varieties

Czech hop varieties were evaluated as part of maintenance breeding. The evaluation was performed in a single location between 2011 and 2020. The average weight of hop essential oils (HEOs) is 0.43 to 2.28% w/w. The Saaz, Saaz Brilliant, Mimosa, Saaz Shine and Saaz Comfort hop varieties have a low amount of HEOs. Their maximum content of these compounds amounts to 1.1% w/w. The average proportion of myrcene is between 23.42 and 45.14% rel. Only the Agnus, Vital and Boomerang hop varieties have the maximum myrcene proportion above 50% rel. The average share of caryophyllene ranges between 6.19 and 13.15% rel. Saaz Late has a broad range of caryophyllene percentage – from 5.39% rel. to 15.53% rel. The average percenatge of farnesene is between 0.14 and 16.91% rel. Only the Saaz Comfort and Saaz Shine hop varieties have the maximum farnesene share above 20% rel. The average humulene content has a very broad range between 2.23 and 35.79% rel. The Vital, Mimosa, Gaia and Saaz Comfort hop varieties are in a group with a low humulene percentage, which is clearly different from other hop varieties. The average share of selinenes ranges broadly from 0.97 to 33.56% rel. Mimosa differs from the before mentioned varieties with its proportion of selinenes between 23.08 and 43.75% rel. The aim was to characterize and compare Czech hop varieties in terms of content and composition of HEOs

Evaluation of variability of the content of alpha and beta acids in Czech bittering hop varieties (Humulus lupulus L.)

Czech bitter varieties were evaluated between 2010 and 2022. Hop varieties displayed an average content of alpha acids between 10.24% w/w (Agnus) and 13.73% w/w (Gaia). Variability below 15%, proved good stability of alpha acids content in all tested bittering hops. All varieties showed a decrease in the content of alpha acids over a period of 13 years of hop cultivation. The highest content of beta acids was determined in Gaia (7.30% w/w). In contrast, the lowest content of beta acids was found in Rubín (3.73% w/w). The new bitter genotypes Uran and 5304 had an average alpha acid content of 11.56% w/w and 10.82% w/w, respectively. Uran showed an average beta acid content of 5.47% w/w and for the genotype 5304 it was 3.61% w/w. In terms of the alpha/beta acids ratio, the hop varieties can be divided into three groups. The first group included the varieties with an alpha/beta acids ratio below 2, i.e. Vital, Boomerang and Gaia. While Agnus and Uran displayed an alpha/beta ratio slightly above 2. The highest alpha/beta ratio above 3 was found in Rubín and the 5303 genotype

Influence of specific intervention exercise with aim to skill improvement of no-dominant leg in youth football players

Topic: The effect of a specific intervention program with focus to improve the work of the non-dominant limb in young soccer players Goals: The goal of the thesis is to verify a specific intervention program aimed atm improving the individual's selected gaming activities and the work of the non- dominant limb. Methods: The movement program took place in the period 2. 3. 2023 until 6. 4. 2023. The studied group consisted of 23 probands in the age range of 10-11 years. The test battery was measured with a manual stopwatch. Results: The intervention program had a positive impact on the individual. For the vast majority of probands, there was an improvement in game activities during selected exercises. In 95 % of the probands, there was an average improvement in work with the non-dominant limb by 1.57 seconds. Thanks to this program, not only did the observed values decrease, but it also helped to improve the perception of the importance of working on the non-dominant limb. Keywords: sport training, skills, motor learning, laterality, talented youthNázev: Vliv specifického intervenčního programu se zaměřením na zdokonalení práce nedominantní končetiny u mladých fotbalových hráčů Cíle: Cílem práce je ověření specifického intervenčního programu zaměřeného na zdokonalení vybraných herních činností jednotlivce a práci nedominantní končetiny. Metody: Pohybový program probíhal v období 2. 3. 2023 do 6. 4. 2023. Zkoumaný soubor se skládal z 23 probandů ve věkovém rozmezí 10-11 let. Testová baterie byla měřena ručními stopkami. Výsledky: Intervenční program měl na jedince pozitivní dopad. U valné většiny probandů došlo ke zlepšení herních činností během vybraných cvičení. U 95 % probandů došlo k průměrnému zlepšení práce nedominantní končetinou o 1,57 sekund. Díky tomuto programu došlo nejen ke snížení sledovaných hodnot, ale pomohl i zlepšit vnímání důležitosti práce na nedominantní končetině. Klíčová slova: sportovní trénink, pohybové dovednosti, motorické učení, lateralita, talentovaná mládežLaboratory of Sport MotoricsLaboratoř sportovní motorikyFaculty of Physical Education and SportFakulta tělesné výchovy a sport

Brewing characteristics of Czech fine aroma hops "Saaz".

Since 1998 we have been carrying out brewing tests with Saaz, known worldwide as the high quality standard within the group of fine aroma hops. Its brewing characteristics are compared to the other Czech as well as foreign aroma varieties (Tettnang, Spalt, Lublin, Hersbruck and Strieselspalt). Excellent quality of Saaz was confirmed in brewing tests. Optimal time for hopping with Saaz is ten minutes before the end of boiling in the third hopping. Saaz Late, a new Czech aroma variety was released in 2010. This variety shows similar brewing characteristics to Saaz.Since 1998 we have been carrying out brewing tests with Saaz, known worldwide as the high quality standard within the group of fine aroma hops. Its brewing characteristics are compared to the other Czech as well as foreign aroma varieties (Tettnang, Spalt, Lublin, Hersbruck and Strieselspalt). Excellent quality of Saaz was confirmed in brewing tests. Optimal time for hopping with Saaz is ten minutes before the end of boiling in the third hopping. Saaz Late, a new Czech aroma variety was released in 2010. This variety shows similar brewing characteristics to Saaz

Hop Breeding in the Czech Republic.

Hop breeding objectives in CR can be divided into aroma and bitter hops, both being resistant to stresses, dwarf varieties for cultivation in low trellis and varieties for pharmaceutical utilization. In 2008 we managed to release Vital and Kazbek. Varieties Saaz Late and Bohemie were registered in 2010. Recently we have bred some perspective genotypes with high contents of xanthohumol or desmethylxanthohumol (DMX). In January 2011, we were awarded funding for a new four years EUREKA Project, which is an inter-governmental network that supports the development for innovations across all sectors of industry within EU. It should help us to develop new low trellis high quality aroma hops as sustainable replacements for traditional tall hops in the future.Hop breeding objectives in CR can be divided into aroma and bitter hops, both being resistant to stresses, dwarf varieties for cultivation in low trellis and varieties for pharmaceutical utilization. In 2008 we managed to release Vital and Kazbek. Varieties Saaz Late and Bohemie were registered in 2010. Recently we have bred some perspective genotypes with high contents of xanthohumol or desmethylxanthohumol (DMX). In January 2011, we were awarded funding for a new four years EUREKA Project, which is an inter-governmental network that supports the development for innovations across all sectors of industry within EU. It should help us to develop new low trellis high quality aroma hops as sustainable replacements for traditional tall hops in the future