632 research outputs found
Casimir energy of a non-uniform string
The Casimir energy of a non-uniform string built up from two pieces with
different speed of sound is calculated. A standard procedure of subtracting the
energy of an infinite uniform string is applied, the subtraction being
interpreted as the renormalization of the string tension. It is shown that in
the case of a homogeneous string this method is completely equivalent to the
zeta renormalization.Comment: 11 pages, REVTeX, no figures and table
A thick shell Casimir effect
We consider the Casimir energy of a thick dielectric-diamagnetic shell under
a uniform velocity light condition, as a function of the radii and the
permeabilities. We show that there is a range of parameters in which the stress
on the outer shell is inward, and a range where the stress on the outer shell
is outward. We examine the possibility of obtaining an energetically stable
configuration of a thick shell made of a material with a fixed volume
Casimir energy of a dilute dielectric ball in the mode summation method
In the --approximation the Casimir energy of a
dilute dielectric ball is derived using a simple and clear method of the mode
summation. The addition theorem for the Bessel functions enables one to present
in a closed form the sum over the angular momentum before the integration over
the imaginary frequencies. The linear in contribution
into the vacuum energy is removed by an appropriate subtraction. The role of
the contact terms used in other approaches to this problem is elucidated.Comment: 14 pages, REVTeX, no figures, no tables; presentation is made better,
new references are adde
Wave localization in strongly nonlinear Hertzian chains with mass defect
We investigate the dynamical response of a mass defect in a one-dimensional
non-loaded horizontal chain of identical spheres which interact via the
nonlinear Hertz potential. Our experiments show that the interaction of a
solitary wave with a light intruder excites localized mode. In agreement with
dimensional analysis, we find that the frequency of localized oscillations
exceeds the incident wave frequency spectrum and nonlinearly depends on the
size of the intruder and on the incident wave strength. The absence of tensile
stress between grains allows some gaps to open, which in turn induce a
significant enhancement of the oscillations amplitude. We performed numerical
simulations that precisely describe our observations without any adjusting
parameters.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted for publicatio
Casimir energy of a dilute dielectric ball with uniform velocity of light at finite temperature
The Casimir energy, free energy and Casimir force are evaluated, at arbitrary
finite temperature, for a dilute dielectric ball with uniform velocity of light
inside the ball and in the surrounding medium. In particular, we investigate
the classical limit at high temperature. The Casimir force found is repulsive,
as in previous calculations.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figur
LC nanocomposites: induced optical singularities, managed nano/micro structure, and electrical conductivity
Microstructure, phase transitions, electrical conductivity, and optical and
electrooptical properties of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (NTs), dispersed in
the cholesteric liquid crystal (cholesteryl oleyl carbonate, COC), nematic 5CB
and their mixtures, were studied in the temperature range between 255 K and 363
K. The relative concentration X=COC/(COC+5CB)was varied within 0.0-1.0. The
concentration of NTs was varied within 0.01-5% wt. The value of X
affected agglomeration and stability of NTs inside COC+5CB. High-quality
dispersion, exfoliation, and stabilization of the NTs were observed in COC
solvent ("good" solvent). From the other side, the aggregation of NTs was very
pronounced in nematic 5CB solvent ("bad" solvent). The dispersing quality of
solvent influenced the percolation concentration , corresponding to
transition between the low conductive and high conductive states: e.g.,
percolation was observed at and for pure COC and 5CB,
respectively. The effects of thermal pre-history on the heating-cooling
hysteretic behavior of electrical conductivity were studied. The mechanism of
dispersion of NTs in COC+5CB mixtures is discussed. Utilization of the mixtures
of "good" and "bad" solvents allowed fine regulation of the dispersion,
stability and electrical conductivity of LC+NTs composites. The mixtures of COC
and 5CB were found to be promising for application as functional media with
controllable useful chiral and electrophysical properties.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure
Mode-by-mode summation for the zero point electromagnetic energy of an infinite cylinder
Using the mode-by-mode summation technique the zero point energy of the
electromagnetic field is calculated for the boundary conditions given on the
surface of an infinite solid cylinder. It is assumed that the dielectric and
magnetic characteristics of the material which makes up the cylinder
and of that which makes up the surroundings obey the relation . With this
assumption all the divergences cancel. The divergences are regulated by making
use of zeta function techniques. Numerical calculations are carried out for a
dilute dielectric cylinder and for a perfectly conducting cylindrical shell.
The Casimir energy in the first case vanishes, and in the second is in complete
agreement with that obtained by DeRaad and Milton who employed a Green's
function technique with an ultraviolet regulator.Comment: REVTeX, 16 pages, no figures and tables; transcription error in
previous version corrected, giving a zero Casimir energy for a tenuous
cylinde
Quark mass correction to the string potential
A consistent method for calculating the interquark potential generated by the
relativistic string with massive ends is proposed. In this approach the
interquark potential in the model of the Nambu--Goto string with point--like
masses at its ends is calculated. At first the calculation is done in the
one--loop approximation and then the variational estimation is performed. The
quark mass correction results in decreasing the critical distance
(deconfinement radius). When quark mass decreases the critical distance also
decreases. For obtaining a finite result under summation over eigenfrequencies
of the Nambu--Goto string with massive ends a suitable mode--by--mode
subtraction is proposed. This renormalization procedure proves to be completely
unique. In the framework of the developed approach the one--loop interquark
potential in the model of the relativistic string with rigidity is also
calculated.Comment: 34 pages, LATE
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