Kualitas Mikrobiologi Dendeng Sapi yang di Curring dengan Ekstrak Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa. L)

The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of rosella extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and the microbiological quality of beef jerky which was curing wet with rosella extract. This study uses concentrations of rosella extract 40% and 60%. Positive control using nitrate or belching 0.2 g and negative control using aquades. This type of research is an experimental laboratory. Test the antibacterial activity of rosella extract against S. aureus using the diffusion method by means of wells. As for the microbiological quality of beef jerky using dilution method. The results showed that the concentration of rosella extracts of 40% and 60% had the ability to inhibit the growth of S. aureus bacteria with an average of 3.41 mm and 4.03 mm. Whereas positive and negative controls do not have the ability to inhibit bacterial growth. The results of the microbiological quality test of beef jerky showed that rosella extract had bacteriostatic ability with mean values obtained 28.33 and 8.67. The conclusion of this study using ANOVA statistical analysis and Duncan's advanced test with a significant level of 0.05 shows that rosella extract has a significant level in inhibiting S.aureus bacteria and is able to suppress microbial growth in beef jerky.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan kualitas mikrobiologi dari dendeng sapi yang di curing basah dengan ekstrak rosella. Metode uji yang digunakan yaitu metode difusi sumuran dan uji TPC menggunakan metode tuang (pour plate). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari: R0= Pembuatan dendeng + bumbu-bumbu (kontrol negatif); R1= Pembuatan dendeng + bumbu-bumbu + nitrat 200 ppm (0,2 g); R2= Pembuatan dendeng + bumbu-bumbu + ekstrak rosella 40%; R3= Pembuatan dendeng + bumbu-bumbu + ekstrak rosella 60%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada konsentrasi ekstrak rosella 40% dan 60% memiliki kemampuan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S.aureus dengan rerata yang diperoleh yaitu 3,41 mm dan 4,03 mm. Sedangkan pada kontrol positif dan negatif tidak memiliki kemampuan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Hasil dari uji kualitas mikrobiologi dendeng sapi menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak rosella memiliki kemampuan bakteriostatik dengan nilai rerata yang diperoleh 28,33 dan 8,67 dan terbentuknya zona hambat (zona bening) pada konsentrasi 40% dan 60%. Disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak rosella memiliki kemampuan sebagai antibakteri terhadap bakteri S.aureus dengan terbentuknya zona hambat (zona bening) pada konsentrasi 40% dan 60%. Ekstrak rosella memiliki kemampuan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan koloni bakteri pada produk dendeng. Pengawet sintetik (nitrat) tidak memiliki kemampuan dalam menghambat ataupun membunuh bakteri

Sobrevivência de enxertos de araucária em viveiro com materiais genéticos de quatro estados.

A Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze é uma espécie de grande importância socioeconômica e ambiental, especialmente na região Sul do Brasil. Nos últimos anos ganhou importância a clonagem da espécie com objetivo principal para produzir pinhões e viabilizar programas de melhormanento e conservação da espécie. Com a enxertia é possível reduzir de forma significativa o início da floração e com isso antecipação na produção de pinhões. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a sobrevivência de enxertos por borbulhia de placa em viveiro, por meio de diferentes clones provenientes de quatro estados do Brasil: Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná e Santa Catarina. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em estufa com cobertura plástica no viveiro do Centro de Pesquisa para Agricultura Familiar/Epagri/Cepaf/Chapecó, SC. Os porta-enxertos da araucária foram feitos por propagação seminal, produzidos em sacolas plásticas com aproximadamente cinco litros de volume, com substrato comercial florestal. No momento da enxertia, os porta-enxertos de aproximadamente 20 meses de idade, tinham alturas entre 0,8 m e 1,2 m e diâmetros no local da enxertia entre 8 mm e 15 mm. O material genético para a realização das enxertias foi coletado no jardim clonal da Embrapa Florestas, Colombo, PR, e acondicionado em caixas térmicas com gelo para o transporte. Para a realização dos enxertos foram utilizadas borbulhas de seis materiais genéticos do estado de Santa Catarina, sete do Paraná e três de cada estado de São Paulo e Minas Gerais. O método utilizado na enxertia foi o de borbulhia de placa. A avaliação da sobrevivência da enxertia foi realizada 180 dias após a sua realização, sendo contadas as plantas pegas de cada material genético. Para avaliar a diferença de pegamento dos enxertos entre os Estados, os dados de proporção foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias agrupadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott. A sobrevivência dos enxertos provenientes das borbulhas dos estados do Paraná, Minas Gerais e São Paulo, que apresentaram percentual de sucesso de 94,4%, 93,0% e 86,0%, respectivamente, diferiram das de Santa Catarina que apresentou 71,0%. Conclui-se que a procedência dos materiais genéticos pode interferir no sucesso da enxertia por borbulhia de placa da araucária

Produtividade das matrizes e enraizamento de estacas de erva-mate.

Resumo

In search for multi-target ligands as potential agents for diabetes mellitus and its complications—a structure-activity relationship study on inhibitors of aldose reductase and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1b

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex disease which currently affects more than 460 million people and is one of the leading cause of death worldwide. Its development implies numerous metabolic dysfunctions and the onset of hyperglycaemia-induced chronic complications. Multiple ligands can be rationally designed for the treatment of multifactorial diseases, such as DM, with the precise aim of simultaneously controlling multiple pathogenic mechanisms related to the disease and providing a more effective and safer therapeutic treatment compared to combinations of selective drugs. Starting from our previous findings that highlighted the possibility to target both aldose reductase (AR) and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), two enzymes strictly implicated in the development of DM and its complications, we synthesised 3-(5-arylidene-4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl)propanoic acids and analogous 2-butenoic acid derivatives, with the aim of balancing the effectiveness of dual AR/PTP1B inhibitors which we had identified as designed multiple ligands (DMLs). Out of the tested compounds, 4f exhibited well-balanced AR/PTP1B inhibitory effects at low micromolar concentrations, along with interesting insulin-sensitizing activity in murine C2C12 cell cultures. The SARs here highlighted along with their rationalization by in silico docking experiments into both target enzymes provide further insights into this class of inhibitors for their development as potential DML antidiabetic candidates

A Guide to Perform 3D Histology of Biological Tissues with Fluorescence Microscopy

The analysis of histological alterations in all types of tissue is of primary importance in pathology for highly accurate and robust diagnosis. Recent advances in tissue clearing and fluorescence microscopy made the study of the anatomy of biological tissue possible in three dimensions. The combination of these techniques with classical hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining has led to the birth of three-dimensional (3D) histology. Here, we present an overview of the state-of-the-art methods, highlighting the optimal combinations of different clearing methods and advanced fluorescence microscopy techniques for the investigation of all types of biological tissues. We employed fluorescence nuclear and eosin Y staining that enabled us to obtain hematoxylin and eosin pseudo-coloring comparable with the gold standard H&E analysis. The computational reconstructions obtained with 3D optical imaging can be analyzed by a pathologist without any specific training in volumetric microscopy, paving the way for new biomedical applications in clinical pathology

Dynamics of a qubit coupled to a broadened harmonic mode at finite detuning

We study the dynamics of a symmetric two-level system strongly coupled to a broadened harmonic mode. Upon mapping the problem onto a spin-boson model with peaked spectral density, we show how analytic solutions can be obtained, at arbitrary detuning and finite temperatures, in the case of large Q-factors of the oscillator. In general {\em two} or more oscillation frequencies of the two-level particle are observed as a consequence of the entanglement with the oscillator. Our approximated analytical solution well agrees with numerical predictions obtained within the non-interacting blip approximation.Comment: 17 pages, 6 figure