65 research outputs found

    Mass-balance relations and trace-element mobility during continental weathering of various igneous rocks

    No full text
    Mass— balance calculations have been used to determine the mobility of selected trace elements in weathering profiles of various igneous rocks .Geochemical data on weathering profiles of a granodiorite, a basalt, a rhyolite and a rhyodacite have been normalized with respect to the Ti-content in the fresh parent rock. Mobilities obtained from these calculations are in good agreement with theoretical solubilities, based on available hydrolysis data, for the univalent elements, Se, Y, La, Zr, Hf, Ta, and Th. For the multivalent elements, V, Nb and U, the correspondence between solubility and mobility is more complex and, for Nb, tentative due to uncertain hydrolysis data. Calculated mobilities, relative to Ti, are small (50%) for P, Sr, Y, La, Ta and U.Les calculs de la balance de masse ont Ă©tĂ© employĂ©s pour dĂ©terminer la mobilitĂ© des Ă©lĂ©ments en traces particuliers dans les profils des dĂ©sagrĂ©gations des roches ignĂ©es. Les donnĂ©es gĂ©ochimiques des profils de dĂ©sagrĂ©gation d'un granodiorite , d'un basalte, d ' une rhyolite et d' une rhyodacite ont Ă©tĂ© normalisĂ©es quant Ăą la concentration du contenu Ti dans la roche mĂšre non modifiĂ©e. Les mobilitĂ©s obtenues par ces calculs sont en accord avec les solubilitĂ©s thĂ©oriques pour les Ă©lĂ©ments monovalents : Se, Y, La, Zr, Hf, Ta et Th. Ces calculs sont basĂ©s sur les donnĂ©es d'hydrolyse disponibles. La correspondance entre la solubilitĂ© et la mobilitĂ© des Ă©lĂ©ments polyvalents, V, Nb et U, est plus complexe et celle du Nb n'est qu'estimĂ©e, les donnĂ©es d'hydrolyse n'Ă©tant pas prĂ©cises. Les mobilitĂ©s, relatives au Ti , qui ont Ă©tĂ© calculĂ©es, sont faibles (50%) pour P, Sr, Y, La, Ta et U.Cramer J.J., Nesbitt H.W. Mass-balance relations and trace-element mobility during continental weathering of various igneous rocks. In: PĂ©trologie des altĂ©rations et des sols. Vol. III : PĂ©dologie. PĂ©trologie appliquĂ©e aux substances utiles. Colloque international du CNRS, Paris 4-7 juillet 1983. Strasbourg : Institut de GĂ©ologie – UniversitĂ© Louis-Pasteur, 1983. pp. 63-73. (Sciences GĂ©ologiques. MĂ©moire, 73

    Mass-balance relations and trace-element mobility during continental weathering of various igneous rocks

    No full text
    Mass— balance calculations have been used to determine the mobility of selected trace elements in weathering profiles of various igneous rocks .Geochemical data on weathering profiles of a granodiorite, a basalt, a rhyolite and a rhyodacite have been normalized with respect to the Ti-content in the fresh parent rock. Mobilities obtained from these calculations are in good agreement with theoretical solubilities, based on available hydrolysis data, for the univalent elements, Se, Y, La, Zr, Hf, Ta, and Th. For the multivalent elements, V, Nb and U, the correspondence between solubility and mobility is more complex and, for Nb, tentative due to uncertain hydrolysis data. Calculated mobilities, relative to Ti, are small (50%) for P, Sr, Y, La, Ta and U.Les calculs de la balance de masse ont Ă©tĂ© employĂ©s pour dĂ©terminer la mobilitĂ© des Ă©lĂ©ments en traces particuliers dans les profils des dĂ©sagrĂ©gations des roches ignĂ©es. Les donnĂ©es gĂ©ochimiques des profils de dĂ©sagrĂ©gation d'un granodiorite , d'un basalte, d ' une rhyolite et d' une rhyodacite ont Ă©tĂ© normalisĂ©es quant Ăą la concentration du contenu Ti dans la roche mĂšre non modifiĂ©e. Les mobilitĂ©s obtenues par ces calculs sont en accord avec les solubilitĂ©s thĂ©oriques pour les Ă©lĂ©ments monovalents : Se, Y, La, Zr, Hf, Ta et Th. Ces calculs sont basĂ©s sur les donnĂ©es d'hydrolyse disponibles. La correspondance entre la solubilitĂ© et la mobilitĂ© des Ă©lĂ©ments polyvalents, V, Nb et U, est plus complexe et celle du Nb n'est qu'estimĂ©e, les donnĂ©es d'hydrolyse n'Ă©tant pas prĂ©cises. Les mobilitĂ©s, relatives au Ti , qui ont Ă©tĂ© calculĂ©es, sont faibles (50%) pour P, Sr, Y, La, Ta et U.Cramer J.J., Nesbitt H.W. Mass-balance relations and trace-element mobility during continental weathering of various igneous rocks. In: PĂ©trologie des altĂ©rations et des sols. Vol. III : PĂ©dologie. PĂ©trologie appliquĂ©e aux substances utiles. Colloque international du CNRS, Paris 4-7 juillet 1983. Strasbourg : Institut de GĂ©ologie – UniversitĂ© Louis-Pasteur, 1983. pp. 63-73. (Sciences GĂ©ologiques. MĂ©moire, 73

    Spectral Resolution and Raman Q3 and Q2 cross sections in ~40 mol% Na2O glasses

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    International audienceThere are four 29 Si NMR experimental studies published for glasses containing ~40 mol% Na 2 O and the reported Q species abundances are remarkably consistent. These results have been used to determine accurate Raman Q 3 and Q 2 cross sections for a 40.1 mol% Na 2 O glass. The Q 3 and Q 2 cross sections are respectively 1.10 and 0.95 (±0.03). The Q 2 band of the Raman spectrum is dominantly Lorentzian in shape whereas the Q 3 band is asymmetric and based on other studies, the asymmetry increases with alkali content, due primarily to alkali-BO interactions. As explanation, increase in alkali content enhances preferentially electron density over Si atoms of tetrahedra, thereby weakening Si-O coulombic interactions (i.e., force constants), which shifts the symmetric stretch of the Q 3 species to lower frequencies, producing asymmetric Q 3 line shapes. With Q 2 and Q 3 cross sections established, the high resolution of Raman spectroscopy now can be used to provide highly accurate estimates of Q species in silicate glasses and melts
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