Narrative, ideology and social reform in George MacDonald’s books for children

This thesis examines George MacDonald’s (1824-1905) books for children from the perspective of narrative theory and ideology. More specifically, it offers the first focused, in-depth analysis of MacDonald’s use of narrative techniques in his tales for children to criticise received paradigms of behaviour and morality, and to foreground his ideas of social reform. It shows that these books, which include The Light Princess (1864), At the Back of the North Wind (1871), The Princess and the Goblin (1872), The Wise Woman: A Double Story (1874-1875), The History of Photogen and Nycteris: The Day Boy and the Night Märchen (1882) and The Princess and Curdie (1883), have linguistic and narrative resources through which MacDonald questions contemporary morality and ethics, and that they offer distinctive and illuminating insights into his ideas of social reform. In his books for children, MacDonald uses narrative strategies to engage with many of the leading social and cultural debates of the age, engaging the reader in a dialectical project of social reform through literature in ways that narratology makes evident. My narratological analysis suggests that we can infer ideological effects, at least in part, from immanent analysis of the content and narrative form of MacDonald’s tales. My analysis of the ethical and social inquiry implicit in MacDonald’s narratives also demonstrates how fairytale and fantasy literature can be used as a testing ground for narrative theory, and language and ideology. My methodology of formal analysis at times is supplemented by reception study. An emphasis on the construction and reception of narrative is central in my analysis of the ideological content of MacDonald’s texts in their historical and intellectual contexts

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