Excavations at the Langobard Cemetery in Kranj in 1905

The library of the National Museum of Slovenia contains both editions of Friedrich Rathgen's handbook Die Konservierung von Altertumsfunden (the first edition from 1898 and the second from 1915). It is of particular interest that the conservation methods described in the first Rathgen handbook could be directly connected to excavations of the Langobard Cemetery in Kranj in 1905. The excavations were followed closely by several newspapers at that time. For the conservation of finds, especially iron, the new methods developed by Theodor Blell-Tüngen and the Norwegian engineer Axel Krefting were used.La bibliothèque du Musée National de Slovénie possède les deux éditions de l'ouvrage de Friedrich Rathgen, Die Konservierung von Altertumsfunden (la première édition de 1898 et la seconde de 1915). L'intérêt des méthodes de restauration décrites peut directement être relié aux fouilles du cimetière Langobard à Kranj, en 1905. Les fouilles ont été suivies de près par plusieurs journaux de l'époque. Pour la conservation des objets, principalement en fer, les nouvelles méthodes développées par Theodor Blell-Tüngen et l'ingénieur norvégien Axel Krefting ont été utilisées

Friedrich Rathgen and his impact on Slovenian Conservation in the beginning of the twentieth century

Friedrich Rathgen peut être directement associé aux provinces slovènes ou plus exactement à la Duchesse de Mecklenburg. En 1906, Rathgen lui rend visite au château de Bogenšperk et reçoit quelques pièces archéologiques à restaurer. Un autre lien avec l'histoire de la conservation-restauration réside dans les fouilles de Stična, où la Duchesse découvre la fameuse armure. Une fois de plus, les pièces sont envoyées à Berlin pour restauration.Friedrich Rathgen can be directly linked to the Slovene provinces or, more exactly, to the Duchess of Mecklenburg. In 1906, Rathgen visited her at Castle Bogenšperk, and received some prehistoric finds for conservation. Other highly interesting links to the history of conservation and restoration of archaeological objects are the 1913 excavations in Stična, where the duchess excavated the famous Stična armour. Once more, the finds were sent to Berlin for restoration

Non-destructive detection of pentachlorophenol residues in historical wooden objects

Wood is a natural polymeric material that is an important constituent of many heritage collections. Because of its susceptibility to biodegradation, it is often chemically treated with substances that can be harmful to human health. One of the most widely used wood preservatives was pentachlorophenol (PCP), which is still present in museum objects today, although its use has been restricted for about forty years. The development of non-destructive methods for its determination, suitable for the analysis of valuable objects, is therefore of great importance. In this work, two non-destructive solid-phase microextraction (SPME) methods were developed and optimized, using either headspace or contact mode. They were compared with a destructive solvent extraction method and found to be suitable for quantification in the range of 7.5 to 75 mg PCP/kg wood at room temperature. The developed semi-quantitative methods were applied in the wooden furniture depot of National Museum of Slovenia. PCP was detected inside two furniture objects using headspace mode. The pesticide lindane was also detected in one object. The indoor air of the depot with furniture was also sampled with HS SPME, and traces of PCP were found. According to the results, SPME methods are suitable for the detection of PCP residues in museum objects and in the environment