Pressure of thermal excitations in superfluid helium

We find the pressure, due to the thermal excitations of superfluid helium, at the interface with a solid. The separate contributions of phonons, $R^-$ rotons and $R^+$ rotons are derived. The pressure due to $R^-$ rotons is shown to be negative and partially compensates the positive contribution of $R^+$ rotons, so the total roton pressure is positive but several times less than the separate $R^-$ and $R^+$ roton contributions. The pressure of the quasiparticle gas is shown to account for the fountain effect in $HeI I$. An experiment is proposed to observe the negative pressure due to $R^-$ rotons.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

Detection of genes of pathogenicity of symbiotic microflora in adjacent biotopes in women with chronic endometritis and reproductive disorders

Recent researches established microecological relationships between intestinal, vaginal and nasopharyngeal biocenoses in the composition of a macroorganism microbiome. This study included 57 women with chronic endometritis and 21 woman without it (control group). In women with chronic endometritis all studied pathogenicity genes (asal, cylA, stxl and stx2) were identified in representatives of symbiotic microflora in all three studied habitats - vaginal, intestinal and nasopharyngeal, which confirms the presence of a reservoir of potential pathogenicity. Studied genes of pathogenicity were diagnosed in women with CE in 8 cases of the bacteria of the species E. faecalis and E. faecium, which are "harbingers" of impending serious problem. This indicates the importance of these species in etiopathogenetic structure of microbiocenoses of studied habitats, and, possibly, their impact on the course of this disease

Assessment of the relationship between the vaginal microecosystem in teenage girls with reproductive disorders

Background. Violations of indigenous microflora composition associates with a wide variety of gynecological complications. Thus, the qualitative and quantitative composition of lactobacilli and their associative capacity and functional activity may serve as a criterion of microecological well-being in the body. Aim. To study species diversity of lactobacilli in vaginal biotope teenage girls with gynecological pathologies and to assess the extent of their relationship with the combination of diversity profiles associated opportunistic pathogens. Materials and methods. The study included 107 adolescents with reproductive system disorders. The study was conducted with the use of gynecological and general microbiological methods. Results. It was revealed that in vaginal biocenosis of the studied group of teenage girls dominating lactobacilli were Lactobacillus plantarum and L. crispatus, the incidence of other species did not exceed 21 %. Among the representatives of opportunistic pathogenic microflora dominated coccal microflora and Corynebacterium spp., being the part of normal flora of vaginal mucosa. Analysis of species composition revealed a statistically significant relationship between certain types of lactobacilli and opportunistic microorganisms, i.e. lactobacilli showed no antagonistic activity towards the opportunistic microorganisms, and formed symbiotic relationships with them. Conclusions. Most commonness was found among the minor species of lactobacilli (L. iners, L. gasseri, L. jensenii), coagulase-negative staphylococci and fungi of Candida genus, and that increases the risk of transformation of normal microflora in the pathological one

Peculiarities of Isolated Clusters Operation

Many countries with their policy of dynamic development and considered active course of support for commercial activities focused on achievement of socio - economic growth, conduct the process of mobile diversified interaction of various enterprise-wide, branches of many sectors, spheres and levels step-by-step. Many countries of the empyrean with different levels of economic processes have revealed the common pattern that is shown in the most positive formation of diversified unions of enterprises which are grouped round large companies of leaders on the basis of production and technological, scientific, technical and commercial ties within territories geographically limited. One of the main tasks of the paper is consider the conceptual framework of isolated clusters with innovative policy of development. Its main directions of development of isolated systems are specified. The paper also develops the direction of increased efficiency of intellectual human resource application in the innovative process. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the key effective forms of work of innovative isolated clusters of the isolated territory, their impact on modern economic state development, human resource application and value in certain areas of activities. Keywords: cluster, innovation, power supply system, state, region, competition, efficiency, investments JEL Classifications: A10, A13, M2

Comparison of microecological intestinal indices in children with different value of body mass index

The body mass index (BMI) is one of the key and at the same time simple and significant indicators of the state of the human body. Both large and small quantities of BMI is associated with high morbidity. The aim of the study was to analyze microecological disorders of intestinal biocenosis in children of different ages using the value of BMI as the criterion of comparison. We researched scatological material from 158 children and adolescents aged from 5 to 17 years (77 boys and 81 girls). The material was divided into three comparison groups depending on the BMI value: group 1 - body mass deficit (n = 34); group 2 - patients having body mass excess (n = 37); group 3 - with normal body mass (n = 87). It has been shown that more than 80 % of children with different BMI value were recorded to have dysbiotic disturbances of the intestinal microbiota of degrees 1 and 2. However, in the group of children with normal body mass, frequency of detection of intestinal dysbiosis was significantly lower; in the group of children with underweight dysbiotic disorders were found significantly more often than in overweight and obese children (p < 0.05). In children with body mass deficit we observed not only increasing concentration of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria, but also an increased occurrence of representative of Enterobacteriаceaе. family. 58.8 % of cases had two- and three-component associations of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria, which is an indication the expressed violations of the intestine microbiocenosis formation. The data obtained show that,you can use BMI, an important criterion reflecting the severity of the disease, in the assessment of intestinal microflora in combination with other studies

Response sensitivity to bacteriophages of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from the microbiota of the oropharynx in children of Irkutsk

Dysbiotic disorders of the oropharynx takes one of the first places in the structure of morbidity worldwide. The aim of the study was to determine the peculiarities of microbiocenosis of the oropharynx in children at different ages and to assess the level of sensitivity of S. aureus strains to specific bacteriophages. Material for the study consisted of 84 smears from the oropharynx of children with inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract (nasopharyngitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis (J00, J02, J03, J04 according to 1CD-10). The biological material was distributed depending on the age of the surveyed: the first group - children 3-6 years (n = 61) and the second age group - children 7-12 years (n = 23). Studies of the microflora of the oropharynx were performed according to standard methods. Isolated microorganisms were identified by morphological, tinctorial, cultural and biochemical properties. The results were evaluated in accordance with the Order of USSR Ministry of Health N 535 as of April 22,1985. Specific lytic activity of bacteriophages against S. aureus was determined using preparations of staphylococcal bacteriophage and polyvalent pyobacteriophage Sexta. The sensitivity of strains of S. aureus to specific bacteriophages was assessed by the method of «crosses», according to the guidelines. Statistical analysis was performed with the use of licensed applications Offiœ Ms Excel 2007for Windows 7 BioStat v. 5.0.1.2008. Correlation analysis (Pearson method) was used. 1t has been shown that with increasing age children in the oropharynx microbial density is increasing for indicators of both normoflora (S. oralis), and of opportunistic microflora (S. β-hemolytic, S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, bacteria Enterobacteriaceae), especially of S. aureus (up to 74 %). Registration of sensitive strains of S. aureus in more than 70 % of cases in preschool and school-aged children is evidence of the correctness of correction of the dysbiotic disorders of the oropharynx with the use of bacteriophages of staphylococcus and Sexta