Indigenous research sovereignties: Sparking the deeper conversations we need

This article is part of the Environment and Planning F: Philosophy, Theory, Models, Methods and Practice special issue on ‘Indigenous Research Sovereignty’, edited by Jay T. Johnson, Joseph P. Brewer II., Melissa K. Nelson, Mark H. Palmer, and Renee Pualani Louis.This article seeks to spark a conversation and further debate through the 15 papers and 3 commentaries comprising this special issue entitled “Indigenous Research Sovereignty.” By inviting the authors to publish in this special edition and address Indigenous Research Sovereignty from a variety of viewpoints, we have brought together a collection that inspires, transforms, and expands on the ways in which Indigenous and non-Indigenous researchers are engaging with Indigenous communities to address the research agendas of communities across the globe. Through our work together over the past 8 years, the editorial team have identified eight themes within this broad concept of Indigenous Research Sovereignty. This article provides an introduction to those eight themes in the broadest strokes, while the papers and commentaries explore and refine them with significant depth. We seek to spark a conversation, we do not intend to provide answers to any of the dilemma facing Indigenous communities as they engage, or choose not to engage, in research. Our primary goal is to express an all-encompassing concern for the protection of Indigenous Communities’ inherent rights and knowledges.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The guest editors acknowledge financial support for the FIRST Network by the United States National Science Foundation through grant number 1417767

Partial purification and some biochemical properties of neonatal rat cutaneous glutathione S-transferases

1. 1. Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of glutathione S-transferases in the skin of rodents and humans. This study represents the first attempt to purify cytosolic glutathione S-transferases from skin of 3-day-old rats.2. 2. A partial purification of the enzyme was achieved by a two-step procedure: affinity chromatography followed by HPLC. Two peaks, one major (P-1) and one minor (P-2), were resolved by HPLC containing about 82% and 10% of the recovered activity, respectively.3. 3. The major form exhibited an overall purification of about 2270-fold with a specific activity of about 73 [mu]moles/min/mg protein towards 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene.4. 4. The kinetic data for P-1 yielded mean Km values of 2.39 mM for 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene and 0.72 mM for reduced glutathione, while the respective average Vmax values were found to be 212 and 101 [mu]moles/min/mg protein.5. 5. Significantly inhibition of enzyme activity was noted in the presence of 0.2 mM HgCl2, 0.63 [mu]M 1.2-naphthoquinone, 1.0 [mu]M triphenyltin chloride, and 12.5 [mu]M 17[beta]-estradiol-3-sulfate.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/26995/1/0000562.pd

ABC messages for HIV prevention in Kenya: Clarity and confusion, barriers and facilitators

The Horizons Program and FHI/IMPACT developed a collaborative research study to explore how adults and youth in Kenya define and perceive the ABC (abstinence/being faithful/consistent condom use) terms and behaviors. Additional objectives of the study were to identify attitudes and norms around the ABC behaviors that influence perceptions of them, and the role of important actors in transmitting messages about them. Findings highlight potential challenges in promoting each of the ABC behaviors, as well as some positive elements that can be built upon when developing programs. HIV prevention programs that incorporate ABC messages—both in Kenya and elsewhere—should consider a number of lessons highlighted in this study

Art Follows Empire: new scholarship in Early American art history

Wendy Bellion │ Introduction The following essays presented in this collaborative study of early American art developed from a session at the conference, “London and the Americas, 1492-1812,” organized by the Society of Early Americanists (SEA) at Kingston University, United Kingdom, in July 2014. For a roundtable entitled “Art Follows Empire,” I invited participants to discuss an object of their choice. The caveat: speakers had to identify a single object that epitomized or problematized the..

« Art Follows Empire » : un état des lieux des connaissances sur l’histoire de l’art américain à ses débuts

Introduction | Wendy Bellion Les essais suivants présentés dans cette étude collaborative sur l’art américain à ses débuts sont tirés d’une séance de travail qui a eu lieu lors de la conférence « London and the Americas, 1492-1812 ». Celle-ci avait été organisée par la Society of Early Americanists (SEA) à Kingston University, au Royaume-Uni, en juillet 2014. Pour cette table ronde intitulée « Art Follows Empire », j’avais invité tous les participants à présenter un objet de leur choix. Avec ..

Cosmological Implications of Dynamical Supersymmetry Breaking

We provide a taxonomy of dynamical supersymmetry breaking theories, and discuss the cosmological implications of the various types of models. Models in which supersymmetry breaking is produced by chiral superfields which only have interactions of gravitational strength (\eg\ string theory moduli) are inconsistent with standard big bang nucleosynthesis unless the gravitino mass is greater than \CO(3) \times 10^4 GeV. This problem cannot be solved by inflation. Models in which supersymmetry is dynamically broken by renormalizable interactions in flat space have no such cosmological problems. Supersymmetry can be broken either in a hidden or the visible sector. However hidden sector models suffer from several naturalness problems and have difficulties in producing an acceptably large gluino mass.Comment: 24 pages (uses harvmac) UCSD/PTH 93-26, RU-3

Renormalization approach for quantum-dot structures under strong alternating fields

We develop a renormalization method for calculating the electronic structure of single and double quantum dots under intense ac fields. The nanostructures are emulated by lattice models with a clear continuum limit of the effective-mass and single-particle approximations. The coupling to the ac field is treated non-perturbatively by means of the Floquet Hamiltonian. The renormalization approach allows the study of dressed states of the nanoscopic system with realistic geometries as well arbitrary strong ac fields. We give examples of a single quantum dot, emphasizing the analysis of the effective-mass limit for lattice models, and double-dot structures, where we discuss the limit of the well used two-level approximation.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure

Measurement of Muon Neutrino Quasi-Elastic Scattering on Carbon

The observation of neutrino oscillations is clear evidence for physics beyond the standard model. To make precise measurements of this phenomenon, neutrino oscillation experiments, including MiniBooNE, require an accurate description of neutrino charged current quasi-elastic (CCQE) cross sections to predict signal samples. Using a high-statistics sample of muon neutrino CCQE events, MiniBooNE finds that a simple Fermi gas model, with appropriate adjustments, accurately characterizes the CCQE events observed in a carbon-based detector. The extracted parameters include an effective axial mass, M_A^eff = 1.23+/-0.20 GeV, that describes the four-momentum dependence of the axial-vector form factor of the nucleon; and a Pauli-suppression parameter, kappa = 1.019+/-0.011. Such a modified Fermi gas model may also be used by future accelerator-based experiments measuring neutrino oscillations on nuclear targets.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure