Neogene and Quaternary deposits in the closest surroundings of the Nový Hrádek (the Podyjí National Park)

Neogene deposits of the Carpathian Foredeep were newly recognized in the sedimentary succession within the outcrop close to Nový Hradek site in the area of the Podyjí National Park covered by extensive Quaternary deposits. These deposits are preserved as erosional relics within a bowl shaped depression on the top of the crystalline basement. Facies analysis shows that the recognised Neogene beds represent fluvial deposits. Two facies associations were identified within the Quaternary deposits. Although both of them are interpreted as colluvial deposits, they were formed by a series of gravity flows with highly varied water content. The provenance analysis (pebble petrography, association of heavy minerals, zircon study) confirmed, that the source area of both Neogene and Quaternary deposits was located in the adjacent geological units with strong dominance of Moravian Unit. Relatively high mineral maturity of the studied deposits points to extended blanket of intensely weathered crystalline basement, which underwent erosion and redeposition. Higher content of quartz clasts within the Neogene deposits reveals different mode of transport and possible redeposition from older sediments. Studied Neogene deposits are preliminary related to quartzose gravel and sands known from the close surrounding of the nearby Lukov village. Comparison of Neogene and Quaternary deposits in the surroundings of Nový Hrádek and occurrences of similar sediments within the National Park in Austria (e.g. surroundings of Merkersdorf) might provide a further data about the poorly known history of the area during Neogene.Neogene deposits of the Carpathian Foredeep were newly recognized in the sedimentary succession within the outcrop close to Nový Hradek site in the area of the Podyjí National Park covered by extensive Quaternary deposits. These deposits are preserved as erosional relics within a bowl shaped depression on the top of the crystalline basement. Facies analysis shows that the recognised Neogene beds represent fluvial deposits. Two facies associations were identified within the Quaternary deposits. Although both of them are interpreted as colluvial deposits, they were formed by a series of gravity flows with highly varied water content. The provenance analysis (pebble petrography, association of heavy minerals, zircon study) confirmed, that the source area of both Neogene and Quaternary deposits was located in the adjacent geological units with strong dominance of Moravian Unit. Relatively high mineral maturity of the studied deposits points to extended blanket of intensely weathered crystalline basement, which underwent erosion and redeposition. Higher content of quartz clasts within the Neogene deposits reveals different mode of transport and possible redeposition from older sediments. Studied Neogene deposits are preliminary related to quartzose gravel and sands known from the close surrounding of the nearby Lukov village. Comparison of Neogene and Quaternary deposits in the surroundings of Nový Hrádek and occurrences of similar sediments within the National Park in Austria (e.g. surroundings of Merkersdorf) might provide a further data about the poorly known history of the area during Neogene

Quaternary deposits on the Northern bailey of the Pohansko site near Břeclav

Sedimentological study on the Northern bailey of the fortified site Pohansko allows identification of 9th lithofacies and 2 facies associations. The lower facies association is interpreted as an infill of fluvial channels (mostly mid-channel dunes) with two cycles of filling. The fluvial channels were relatively shallow and broad (high width/depth channel ratio) and they point to braided fluvial style and channel migration. The upper fluvial association reflects significant change of the fluvial style. The sedimentary infill of the upper fluvial association is interpreted as deposits of levee and overbank deposits. Results of the OSL dating for the sample of lower facies association provide an age of 13.5 ky. Such age can be correlated with the Upper Pleistocene Allerød Interstadial (13.7‒12.9 ky BP), i.e. relatively warmer phase of the Weichselian late glacial. Data of OSL dating for two samples from the upper facies association were 11.8 ky and 10.3 ky BP. The upper age can be correlated with Younger Dryas (12.9‒11.7 ky BP) whereas the lower one to Preboreal. The deposition of the upper facies associations are therefore interpreted as Uppermost Pleistocene to Early Holocene in age.Sedimentological study on the Northern bailey of the fortified site Pohansko allows identification of 9th lithofacies and 2 facies associations. The lower facies association is interpreted as an infill of fluvial channels (mostly mid-channel dunes) with two cycles of filling. The fluvial channels were relatively shallow and broad (high width/depth channel ratio) and they point to braided fluvial style and channel migration. The upper fluvial association reflects significant change of the fluvial style. The sedimentary infill of the upper fluvial association is interpreted as deposits of levee and overbank deposits. Results of the OSL dating for the sample of lower facies association provide an age of 13.5 ky. Such age can be correlated with the Upper Pleistocene Allerød Interstadial (13.7‒12.9 ky BP), i.e. relatively warmer phase of the Weichselian late glacial. Data of OSL dating for two samples from the upper facies association were 11.8 ky and 10.3 ky BP. The upper age can be correlated with Younger Dryas (12.9‒11.7 ky BP) whereas the lower one to Preboreal. The deposition of the upper facies associations are therefore interpreted as Uppermost Pleistocene to Early Holocene in age

Lower Badenian deposits of the Carpathian Foredeep on the locality Ptení

Neogene deposits of the Carpathian Foredeep were studied newly in the sedimentary succession from the drill hole Ptení 1. Three identified facies associations represent deposits of fluvio-deltaic, nearshore and open marine environments. The facies associations are organized into two upward deepening and upward fining cycles which are interpreted as transgressive-regressive cycles. Source area was located in the adjacent geological units with strong dominance of Culmian rocks. The source area was relative stable, material was buried relative rapidly with low role of its reworking. The studied deposits are connected with filling of a distal palaeovalley formed on the foreland plate and oriented oblique to the main basin axis.Neogene deposits of the Carpathian Foredeep were studied newly in the sedimentary succession from the drill hole Ptení 1. Three identified facies associations represent deposits of fluvio-deltaic, nearshore and open marine environments. The facies associations are organized into two upward deepening and upward fining cycles which are interpreted as transgressive-regressive cycles. Source area was located in the adjacent geological units with strong dominance of Culmian rocks. The source area was relative stable, material was buried relative rapidly with low role of its reworking. The studied deposits are connected with filling of a distal palaeovalley formed on the foreland plate and oriented oblique to the main basin axis

Lower Badenian deposits on the locality Zaječí hora

Lower Badenian deposits was newly outcropped on the locality Zaječí hora (Brno city). Sedimentological and paleontological study of the succession recognised two facies associations. The lower one was formed by the Lower Badenian clastic deposits known locally as „Brno sands“. The upper one is formed by the Lower Badenian offshore clays known as „Tegel“.  The Neogene beds were covered by Quaternary loess loam.  Lower Badenian succession is interpeted as progradation of the Gilbert-type delta foreset into  relatively deep basin followed by the final flooding of the area by the open sea. The position of the locality close to a steep basin margins was prone to reflect role of local factors influencing the depositional processes and conditions. Lower Badenian deposits was newly outcropped on the locality Zaječí hora (Brno city). Sedimentological and paleontological study of the succession recognised two facies associations. The lower one was formed by the Lower Badenian clastic deposits known locally as „Brno sands“. The upper one is formed by the Lower Badenian offshore clays known as „Tegel“.  The Neogene beds were covered by Quaternary loess loam.  Lower Badenian succession is interpeted as progradation of the Gilbert-type delta foreset into  relatively deep basin followed by the final flooding of the area by the open sea. The position of the locality close to a steep basin margins was prone to reflect role of local factors influencing the depositional processes and conditions.&nbsp

Raně středověké říční koryto v blízkosti fortifikačního systému velkomoravského hradiska Pohansko u Břeclavi

Geophysical, sedimentological, palynological, absolute-age dating and archeological techniques were used to study the deposits of the Early Medieval fluvial channel in the area of the Great Moravia Empire agglomeration Pohansko near Břeclav. Artificial profile situated on the base of ERT profiles and the archeological results led to opening of the fluvial channel. Newly documented fluvial channel erosively cut the complex of flood loams. Gravel lag covers the bottom of the channel and grade upwards into sandy channel infill with fining upward trend. Fluvial sandy dunes forming the most characteristic architectural element of the infill are represented mostly by trough cross-stratified medium-grained sands. These sands were penetrated by the piece of oak wood. Both the OSL dating of the sandy deposits and the dating of the oak wood (C14 and dendrochronology) point to the 9th century A.D. when the Great Moravia Empire was on its peak expansion. Active fluvial channel was probably used as a part of the fortification system and a possible wood bridge existed here in the front of the proposed Western Gate of the Pohansko agglomeration. Palynological studies reveal some fragmentation of the landscape and agricultural activities in the close surroundings. Deposits of the studied fluvial channel were covered by the beds of the younger flood loams

Rekonstrukce průběhu říčních koryt s použitím elektrické odporové tomografie

Set of parallel oriented ERT profiles was used for identification of fluvial channels in the area near the Western Gate of the Great Moravia Empire agglomeration Pohansko near Břeclav. Three infills of fluvial channels were identified within the ERT profiles, which erosively cut the complex of flood loams. The dimensions of these channels are compared, together with the distribution of individual architectural elements of the channel. Planform topography of individual channels is used for evaluation of fluvial style. Whereas Early Mediaval age of the sedimentary infill of the uppermost channel was proved, the two lower channels are supposed to be Upper Pleistocene to Early Holocene in age. The highly irregular relief of the Pannonian clays of the Vienna Basin forms the Pre-Quaternary basement

And now oh Saviour Lord we come

Locally written hymn sung to the tune of "Thou Art the Way".Written by Harvey Dawe in 1972