150 research outputs found
Vitrectomy for endophthalmitis: 5-year study of outcomes and complications
Background/Aims: To analyse the complications and
outcomes of vitrectomy surgery for endophthalmitis.
Methods This was a retrospective case series. All
cases that underwent 23-gauge vitrectomy surgery for
endophthalmitis at a tertiary centre between 1 February
2013 and 1 February 2018 were included. Main outcome
measures were as follows: visual acuity (VA) at final visit
and post-vitrectomy complications. /
Results: 33 patients were included in the study with
20 men and 13 women, average age 63 years. Main
post-surgical causes for endophthalmitis included
phacoemulsification (n=9), trabeculectomy (n=5),
intravitreal injection (n=5), corneal graft (n=4), vitreoretinal
surgery (n=3) and endogenous endophthalmitis (n=6).
Average follow-up was 18 months (SD 14). 21/33 (64%)
patients had baseline perception of light VA. Analysis of
exogenous endophthalmitis cases only demonstrated:
mean LogMAR VA improved significantly from 2.68 to
1.66 (p=0.001). At final follow-up, 12% had VA of 6/12
or better, and 28% had VA of 6/36 or better. Vitrectomy
within 7 days resulted in improved final VA outcomes
(1.49 vs 2.16 LogMAR, p=0.032). Complications included
retinal detachment (24.2%), macular hole (3%), hypotony
(6%), suprachoroidal haemorrhage (3%) and enucleation/
evisceration (6%). /
Conclusion: Vitrectomy for endophthalmitis leads to VA
gains in some cases. Surgical outcomes may be improved
with early vitrectomy performed within 7 days of the initial
event for exogenous endophthalmitis. Patients should be
advised of the potential risk of severe complications with/
and without surger
Atomic quantum superposition state generation via optical probing
We analyze the performance of a protocol to prepare an atomic ensemble in a
superposition of two macroscopically distinguishable states. The protocol
relies on conditional measurements performed on a light field, which interacts
with the atoms inside an optical cavity prior to detection, and we investigate
cavity enhanced probing with continuous beams of both coherent and squeezed
light. The stochastic master equations used in the analysis are expressed in
terms of the Hamiltonian of the probed system and the interaction between the
probed system and the probe field and are thus quite generally applicable.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure
Asymmetric double-well potential for single atom interferometry
We consider the evolution of a single-atom wavefunction in a time-dependent
double-well interferometer in the presence of a spatially asymmetric potential.
We examine a case where a single trapping potential is split into an asymmetric
double well and then recombined again. The interferometer involves a
measurement of the first excited state population as a sensitive measure of the
asymmetric potential. Based on a two-mode approximation a Bloch vector model
provides a simple and satisfactory description of the dynamical evolution. We
discuss the roles of adiabaticity and asymmetry in the double-well
interferometer. The Bloch model allows us to account for the effects of
asymmetry on the excited state population throughout the interferometric
process and to choose the appropriate splitting, holding and recombination
periods in order to maximize the output signal. We also compare the outcomes of
the Bloch vector model with the results of numerical simulations of the
multi-state time-dependent Schroedinger equation.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure
Nonlinearity-assisted quantum tunneling in a matter-wave interferometer
We investigate the {\em nonlinearity-assisted quantum tunneling} and
formation of nonlinear collective excitations in a matter-wave interferometer,
which is realised by the adiabatic transformation of a double-well potential
into a single-well harmonic trap. In contrast to the linear quantum tunneling
induced by the crossing (or avoided crossing) of neighbouring energy levels,
the quantum tunneling between different nonlinear eigenstates is assisted by
the nonlinear mean-field interaction. When the barrier between the wells
decreases, the mean-field interaction aids quantum tunneling between the ground
and excited nonlinear eigenstates. The resulting {\em non-adiabatic evolution}
depends on the input states. The tunneling process leads to the generation of
dark solitons, and the number of the generated dark solitons is highly
sensitive to the matter-wave nonlinearity. The results of the numerical
simulations of the matter-wave dynamics are successfully interpreted with a
coupled-mode theory for multiple nonlinear eigenstates.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, accept for publication in J. Phys.
Theoretical analysis of the implementation of a quantum phase gate with neutral atoms on atom chips
We present a detailed, realistic analysis of the implementation of a proposal
for a quantum phase gate based on atomic vibrational states, specializing it to
neutral rubidium atoms on atom chips. We show how to create a double--well
potential with static currents on the atom chips, using for all relevant
parameters values that are achieved with present technology. The potential
barrier between the two wells can be modified by varying the currents in order
to realize a quantum phase gate for qubit states encoded in the atomic external
degree of freedom. The gate performance is analyzed through numerical
simulations; the operation time is ~10 ms with a performance fidelity above
99.9%. For storage of the state between the operations the qubit state can be
transferred efficiently via Raman transitions to two hyperfine states, where
its decoherence is strongly inhibited. In addition we discuss the limits
imposed by the proximity of the surface to the gate fidelity.Comment: 9 pages, 5 color figure
Errors in quantum optimal control and strategy for the search of easily implementable control pulses
We introduce a new approach to assess the error of control problems we aim to
optimize. The method offers a strategy to define new control pulses that are
not necessarily optimal but still able to yield an error not larger than some
fixed a priori threshold, and therefore provide control pulses that might be
more amenable for an experimental implementation. The formalism is applied to
an exactly solvable model and to the Landau-Zener model, whose optimal control
problem is solvable only numerically. The presented method is of importance for
applications where a high degree of controllability of the dynamics of quantum
systems is required.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure
Collisional-inhomogeneity-induced generation of matter-wave dark solitons
We propose an experimentally relevant protocol for the controlled generation
of matter-wave dark solitons in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). In
particular, using direct numerical simulations, we show that by switching-on a
spatially inhomogeneous (step-like) change of the s-wave scattering length, it
is possible to generate a controllable number of dark solitons in a
quasi-one-dimensional BEC. A similar phenomenology is also found in the
two-dimensional setting of "disk-shaped" BECs but, as the solitons are subject
to the snaking instability, they decay into vortex structures. A detailed
investigation of how the parameters involved affect the emergence and evolution
of solitons and vortices is provided.Comment: 8 pages, 5 Figures, Physics Letters A (in press
Characterization of meloidogyne species from irrigated rice in southern Brazil.
Edição dos Proceedings do 6th International Congress of Nematology, Cape Town, South Africa, May 2014
Hidden expectations: Scaffolding subject specialists' genre knowledge of the assignments they set
Subject specialistsâ knowledge of academic and disciplinary literacy is often tacit. We tackle the issue of how to elicit subject specialistsâ tacit knowledge in order to develop their pedagogical practices and enable them to communicate this knowledge to students. Drawing on theories of genre and metacognition, a professional development activity was designed and delivered. Our aims were to (1) build participantsâ genre knowledge and (2) scaffold metacognitive awareness of how genre knowledge can enhance their pedagogical practices. The findings reveal that participants built a genre-based understanding of academic literacy and that the tasks provided them with an accessible framework to articulate and reflect upon their knowledge of disciplinary literacy. Participants gained metacognitive awareness of misalignments between what they teach and what they expect from students, their assumptions about studentsâ prior learning and genre-based strategies to adapt their practice to studentsâ needs. Our approach provides a theoretically grounded professional development tool for the HE sector
Comunidades de minhocas em diferentes tipos de uso do solo localizados na Ărea de Proteção Ambiental da Serra da Mantiqueira - MG.
5° ELAETAO
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