Symptomatic and asymptomatic candidiasis in a pediatric intensive care unit

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>This study aimed to examine the incidence, epidemiology, and clinical characteristics of symptomatic and asymptomatic candidiasis in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), and to determine the risk factors associated with symptomatic candidiasis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This retrospective study included 67 patients from a 7-bed PICU in a tertiary care hospital that had Candida-positive cultures between April 2007 and July 2009. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, Candida isolates, antimicrobial and antifungal treatments, and previously identified risk factors for symptomatic candidiasis were recorded, and symptomatic and asymptomatic patients were compared.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In all, 36 (53.7%) of the patients with Candida-positive cultures had asymptomatic candidiasis and 31 (46.3%) had symptomatic candidiasis. Candida albicans was the most common Candida sp. in the asymptomatic patients (n = 20, 55.6%), versus Candida parapsilosis in the symptomatic patients (n = 15, 48.4%). The incidence of central venous catheter indwelling, blood transfusion, parenteral nutrition, and surgery was higher in the symptomatic patient group than in the asymptomatic patient group (P < 0.5). Surgery was the only independent predictor of symptomatic candidiasis according to forward stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis (OR: 6.1; 95% CI: 1.798-20.692).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Surgery was the only risk factor significantly associated with symptomatic candidiasis and non-albicans Candida species were more common among the patients with symptomatic candidiasis. While treating symptomatic candidiasis in any PICU an increase in the incidence of non-albicans candidiasis should be considered.</p

Çocuk Acil Servise Son 5 Yılda Gelen Zehirlenmeler: 1734 Olgunun Değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Çocukluk çağı zehirlenmeleri ani olarak ortaya çıkan, ciddi morbidite ve mortaliteye yol açabilen önlenebilir önemli bir toplum sağlığı sorunudur. Bu çalışmada, son beş yıl içerisinde zehirlenme nedeniyle çocuk acil servisimize başvuran hastalar değerlendirilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: 1 Ocak 2013 ve 31 Aralık 2017 tarihleri arasında zehirlenme nedeniyle Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Çocuk Acil Servisine getirilen 1734 çocuk hastanın dosya kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Olgular yaş, cinsiyet, zehirlenme nedeni, zehirlenmeye neden olan farmakolojik ajanlar ve tedavileri yönünden değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Beş yıl içerisinde acil servise getirilen çocuk hastaların %0,68’i zehirlenmelerdi. Zehirlenme nedeniyle gelen olguların 1020’si (%58,8) kız ve 714’ü (%41,2) erkekti (kız/erkek: 1,4). Hastaların yaş ortalamaları 9,68 ± 2,85 yıl (5 ay-18 yıl) olup; kızların yaş ortalaması erkeklerden yüksek bulundu (sırasıyla 12,61 ± 2,7 yıl ve 8,14 ± 3,7 yıl, p=0.07). En sık zehirlenme nedeni ilaçlar (n=1031; %59,4) olup, en sık gözlenen ilaç grubu analjeziklerdi (n=374; %21,5). Olguların 571’i (%32,9) özkıyım girişimi nedeniyle getirilmişti. Olguların 1157’si (%66,2) Acil Serviste, 190’ı (%10,9) Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları servisinde, 62’si (%3,5) Çocuk Yoğun Bakım servisinde ve 325’i (%18,7) Çocuk Cerrahisi servisinde tedavi edildi. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada elde edilen bulgular, zehirlenme nedeniyle acil servise getirilen çocuklarda en sık nedenin ilaçlar olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu olguların kayda değer bir kısmı özkıyım girişimidir. Çevre, aile, ilaç üreticileri ve hekimler tarafından alınacak tedbirler sayesinde çocukluk çağı zehirlenmelerinin önüne geçilmesi mümkün olacaktır

Should Perirectal Swab Culture Be Performed in Cases Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit? Lessons Learned from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Serial perirectal swabs are used to identify colonization of multidrug-resistant bacteria and prevent spread. The purpose of this study was to determine colonization with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE). An additional purpose was to establish whether sepsis and epidemic associated with these factors were present in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), to which infants with hospital stays exceeding 48 h in an external healthcare center NICU were admitted. Perirectal swab samples were collected in the first 24 h by a trained infection nurse using sterile cotton swabs moistened with 0.9% NaCl from patients admitted to our unit after hospitalization exceeding 48 h in an external center. The primary outcome was positivity in perirectal swab cultures, and the secondary outcomes were whether this caused invasive infection and significant NICU outbreaks. A total of 125 newborns meeting the study criteria referred from external healthcare centers between January 2018 and January 2022 were enrolled. Analysis revealed that CRE constituted 27.2% of perirectal swab positivity and VRE 4.8%, and that one in every 4.4 infants included in the study exhibited perirectal swab positivity. The detection of colonization by these microorganisms, and including them within the scope of surveillance, is an important factor in the prevention of NICU epidemics

Should Perirectal Swab Culture Be Performed in Cases Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit? Lessons Learned from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Serial perirectal swabs are used to identify colonization of multidrug-resistant bacteria and prevent spread. The purpose of this study was to determine colonization with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE). An additional purpose was to establish whether sepsis and epidemic associated with these factors were present in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), to which infants with hospital stays exceeding 48 h in an external healthcare center NICU were admitted. Perirectal swab samples were collected in the first 24 h by a trained infection nurse using sterile cotton swabs moistened with 0.9% NaCl from patients admitted to our unit after hospitalization exceeding 48 h in an external center. The primary outcome was positivity in perirectal swab cultures, and the secondary outcomes were whether this caused invasive infection and significant NICU outbreaks. A total of 125 newborns meeting the study criteria referred from external healthcare centers between January 2018 and January 2022 were enrolled. Analysis revealed that CRE constituted 27.2% of perirectal swab positivity and VRE 4.8%, and that one in every 4.4 infants included in the study exhibited perirectal swab positivity. The detection of colonization by these microorganisms, and including them within the scope of surveillance, is an important factor in the prevention of NICU epidemics