Oxidative stress and the importance of H. pylori eradication in patients with functional dyspepsia

Background: To investigage the thiol and disulphide levels in Helicobacter pylori-positive patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia and investigate the change in these levels with eradication therapy. Methods: This is a prospective observational study. A total of 320 patients diagnosed with dyspepsia according to Rome IV criteria were included in the study. First, blood samples were drawn from patients to determine their serum thiol and disulphide levels. Endoscopic biopsy was performed on all patients and the biopsy specimens obtained were examined pathologically. Patients positive for H. pylori were administered eradication therapy. Blood samples were drawn from these patients for the second time, and their serum thiol and disulphide levels were measured. The thiol–disulfide levels of the patients who were successful in H. pylori eradication treatment, with those who were not, were compared before and after the treatment. Results: The mean plasma disulphide level decreased significantly from 14.0 ± 6.6 to 10.9 ± 5.9 µmol/L in H. pylori-positive patients that responded to the H. pylori eradication treatment (P = 0.033). On the other hand, there was an insignificant increase in the mean serum thiol level (341.4 ± 30.5 vs. 342.6 ± 29.8 µmol/L; P = 0.273) and an insignificant decrease in the mean serum disulphide level (15.2 ± 2.5 vs. 14.8 ± 2.3 µmol/L; P = 0.163) in H. pylori-positive patients that did not respond to the H. pylori eradication treatment. Conclusion: The inflammation caused by H. pylori shifted the thiol–disulphide equilibrium in the cell redox system towards the direction of disulphide. The study findings suggest that the restoration of the said hemostatic balance with eradication therapy relieved the organism from oxidative stress

Evaluation of thiol/disulfide homeostasis in bronchiectasis

Purpose. Thiols are sulfhydryl-containing organic compounds that have an important role in preventing cellular oxidative stress. This study compares the blood oxidative stress marker levels in bronchiectasis cases during their stable periods with healthy controls. Materials and Methods. Seventy-seven patients (49 patients with stable bronchiectasis/28 healthy controls), followed up by the chest disease clinic, were included in the study. Peripheral blood thiol-disulfide parameters (NT: native thiol (-SH); TT: total thiol (-SH + SS); SS: disulfide (-SS); SS-SH: disulfide/native thiol index; SS-TT: disulphide/total thiol index; SH-TT: native thiol/total thiol index), and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels were examined in the stable bronchiectasis group and the control group. Thiol-disulfide homeostasis was evaluated using a novel and automated assay. Findings and Result. Blood native thiol levels in patients with stable bronchiectasis were found to be significantly higher compared with healthy controls. A positive correlation between the total airway disease score and IMA levels was present. Our findings revealed that native thiol levels, which constitute a part of the antioxidant defense system, are increased in patients with stable bronchiectasis

Did diet compliance and remission reduce oxidative stress in celiac patients?

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the effect of remission status on thiol–disulfide homeostasis in celiac patients and thus to indirectly determine the effect of oxidative stress and inflammation caused by non-compliance with the diet. METHODS: Between February 2019 and December 2021, 117 patients diagnosed with celiac disease were included in this prospective randomized and controlled study. In addition to routine tests of celiac patients, thiol and disulfide measurements were made from the blood both at the beginning of the study and at the end of the first year. RESULTS: While 52 of the patients (44.4%) were in remission, 65 patients (55.6%) were not. There was an evident increase in native thiol levels of the patients who were initially not in remission but went into at the end of the first year (347.4±46.7 μmol/L vs. 365.3±44.0 μmol/L; p=0.001). Mean plasma disulfide levels of patients with celiac going into remission became reduced in the first year from the level of 14.5±5.1 μmol/L down to 8.9±4.2 μmol/L (p<0.001). In celiac patients who entered remission, disulfide and anti-tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin A levels decreased in a correlation (r=0.526; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Not being in remission in celiac disease leads to increased oxidative stress, and thiol–disulfide homeostasis is an indirect indicator of this. Additionally, providing remission in celiac patients reduces oxidative stress

Dynamic thiol/disulphide balance in patients undergoing hypotensive anesthesia in elective septoplasties

Objective We aimed to investigate the effects of hypotensive anaesthesia on oxidative stress with serum thiol/disulphide balance in patients undergoing elective septoplasty procedures under general anaesthesia. Methods Seventy-two patients between the ages of 18-60, with a physical condition I -II, according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists, were included in this prospective observational study. Septoplasty was chosen for standard surgical stress. According to the maintenance of anaesthesia, patients were divided into the groups as Hypotensive Anaesthesia (n = 40) and Normotensive Anaesthesia (n = 32). Serum thiol/disulphide levels were measured by the method developed by Erel & Neselioglu. Results The native thiol and total thiol values of both groups measured at the 60th min intraoperatively were significantly lower than the preoperative values (both P 40 years and female gender were found to have a significant effect on dynamic oxidative stress (P = .002 and .001, respectively). Conclusion This pilot study has found that hypotensive anaesthesia had no adverse effect on dynamic thiol/disulphide balance in elective surgeries

Effect of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Stimulation on Ischemia-modified Albumin Levels in vivo

INTRODUCTION: Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) formation is associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, while increased cortisol leads to decreased ROS levels. We aimed to evaluate the effect of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation on IMA levels and whether the effect was dose-dependent or not. METHODS: A total of 99 subjects with normal ACTH test results were included in the study. Of these, 80 had standard-dose ACTH test while 19 had low-dose ACTH test. Blood samples were collected to determine cortisol and IMA levels; at minutes 0, 30, and 60 following the standard-dose ACTH test and at minutes 0 and 30 following the low-dose ACTH test. RESULTS: IMA levels decreased significantly within 30 minutes and the decrease continued up to the sixtieth minute (p=0.002) after standard-dose ACTH stimulation. After ACTH stimulation, a weak negative correlation was found between peak cortisol and IMA levels at the thirtieth minute (r=0.233, p=0.02). There was no significant difference in IMA levels after low-dose ACTH stimulation, despite an increase in cortisol (p=0.161). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: IMA levels decreased rapidly after standard-dose ACTH stimulation, while a decrease in IMA levels was not observed after low-dose ACTH stimulation. The lack of decrease in IMA levels after low-dose ACTH stimulation suggests a possible dose-dependent relationship between ACTH and IMA. The moderate increase in cortisol with no reduction in IMA levels after low-dose ACTH stimulation and the weak correlation between peak cortisol and 30-minute IMA levels after standard-dose ACTH stimulation suggest that ACTH may have a direct effect on IMA

Plasma Ischemia-Modified Albumin Levels and Dynamic Thiol/ Disulfide Balance in Sickle Cell Disease: A Case-Control Study

Objective: Sickle cell disease (SCD), described as a group of inherited blood disorders, affects millions of people throughout the world and is particularly common in the southern part of Turkey. We aimed to determine the relationship between ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and the dynamic thiol/disulfide balance in SCD. Materials and Methods: Fifty-four adult SCD patients and 30 healthy controls were included in the study. The 54 adult patients included 30 (56%) males and 24 (44%) females with a mean age of 28.3±8.4 years (minimum-maximum: 18-46 years). Of the 54 patients, 46 had homozygous sickle cell anemia (HbSS) and 8 had sickle/β-thalassemia (HbS/β+-thalassemia). Fasting blood samples were collected. After centrifugation at 1500×g for 10 min, plasma samples were portioned and stored at -80 °C. IMA levels were determined by albumin cobalt binding test, a colorimetric method. Total and native thiols and disulfide were analyzed with a novel spectrophotometric method. Results: We found significantly lower levels of native thiol (-SH) (284.0±86.3 μmol/L), disulfide levels (14.6±7 μmol/L), and total thiols (-SH + -S-S-) (313.0±89.3 μmol/L) in SCD patients compared to healthy controls (respectively 417.0±54.2, 22.7±11.3, and 462.0±58.7 μmol/L). Plasma albumin levels (34.9±7.9 g/L) were lower and IMA levels (13.6±3.1 g/L) were higher in SCD patients compared to controls (respectively 43.5±3.1 and 8.4±1.6 g/L). Plasma albumin levels were strongly correlated with both plasma native (r=0.853; p=0.0001) and total thiols (r=0.866; p=0.0001). Conclusion: Decreased plasma native and total thiol levels and increased IMA levels are related to increased oxidative stress and provide an indirect and quick reflection of the oxidative damage in SCD patients

Evaluation of the relationship between serum netrin-1 level and patient characteristics in rheumatoid arthritis

Objective: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are generally seropositive, but 15-20% of patients with RA may be seronegative. Diagnosing patients with RA sometimes requires long and challenging research, and new diagnostic biomarkers are needed. This study aimed to investigate the use of netrin-1 as a biomarker in the differential diagnosis of RA from healthy controls and the relationships between netrin-1 and RA’s disease activity scores and joint erosions. Methods: The study group included 60 RA patients, and the control group included 41 healthy volunteers. Serum netrin-1 was measured using an ELISA kit with the quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay method. The RA Disease Impact (RAID) score was used to determine changes in quality of life, and the disease activity score-28 (DAS-28) and Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) were used to assess disease activity. Results: In the comparison of netrin-1 serum levels, netrin-1 levels were found to be similar between RA and healthy controls [64.4 (35.8-551.4) and 65 (35.8-436.6), p=0.786, respectively]. No significant correlation was found between netrin-1 levels and disease indices (CDAI, DAS-28 ESR, RAID, and DAS-28 CRP) (p>0.05). Conclusion: Netrin-1 is not higher in the serum of RA patients compared to healthy controls, and its levels have no correlation with disease indices of RA

A study over thiol disulfide homeostasis in cord blood in women with gestational diabetes

Objective: To gain insight into the effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on cord blood dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis. Materials and methods: A prospective case-control study was carried out for 132 pregnant women (62 GDM, 70 controls). The cord blood samples were collected from all the participants, and the native thiol-disulfide exchanges were examined by means of an automated method enabling to measure thiol-disulfide balance. In addition to investigating shifts in thiol disulfide balance between GDM and healthy pregnancies, we sought to correlate the thiol / disulfide homeostasis parameters with other clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with GDM and using insulin (n = 19) and on a diet only (n = 43). Results: Disulfide amounts, disulfide/native thiol and disulfide/total thiol rates increased (p < 0.001) while native thiol/total thiol decreased in the cord blood of infants born to diabetic mothers (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the patient group administered with insulin and diet only was compared. Disulfide, Disulfide/Native thiol*100, Disulfide/total thiol*100, Native/total thiol*100 differ significantly according to the results (p < 0.05). Disulfide, Disulfide / native thiol * 100, Disulfide/total thiol*100, HbA1c and 75gr are higher than those in patients who do not use insulin. Only Native/total thiol*100 values are higher in patients who use insulin than those who do not. Conclusion: This study suggests that the infants born to diabetic mothers are exposed to increased oxidative stress. In addition, the patients who use insulin better control their blood glucose, thus reducing the need of newborns for intensive care

Serum Lipid Profiles, Relationship Between Paraoxonase/Arylesterase Activity and High-density Lipoprotein Levels in Patients with Migraine

Objective: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and inhibits low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. The antioxidant and antiatherogenic characteristics of HDL are attributed to this feature. The mechanisms defined in the vascular atherosclerotic process, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction, are also present in migraine pathophysiology. The association between hyperlipidemia and migraine has been described in various studies; however, different results have been reported. We aimed to evaluate the general lipid profiles and the relationship between PON1, arylesterase (ARE) activity, and HDL levels in patients with migraine. Materials and Methods: The study group comprised 150 patients with migraine. The control group included 71 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. None of the subjects in either group had any vascular risk factors. PON1 and ARE activities were evaluated using a method developed by Erel. Serum lipid levels were measured using an autoanalyzer (Roche Hitachi Cobas c501). Results: Serum lipid profiles, PON1/ARE activity and HDL levels were similar to those of the control group. No statistical correlation was found between lipid parameters and PON1 or ARE levels in the patient and control groups. Conclusion: According to our results, investigating PON1 and ARE activities may be meaningless whenever migraineurs have no vascular risk factors. On the other hand, studies of longer duration will be required to evaluate the longitudinal relationship between PON1 and ARE activity in the etiopathogenesis of migrain

Orak hücre hastalığında plazma iskemi modifiyalbümin düzeyleri ve dinamik tiyol/ disülfit dengesi : bir olgu kontrol çalışması

Objective: Sickle cell disease (SCD), described as a group of inherited blood disorders, affects millions of people throughout the world and is particularly common in the southern part of Turkey. We aimed to determine the relationship between ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and the dynamic thiol/disulfide balance in SCD. Materials and Methods: Fifty-four adult SCD patients and 30 healthy controls were included in the study. The 54 adult patients included 30 (56%) males and 24 (44%) females with a mean age of 28.3±8.4 years (minimum-maximum: 18-46 years). Of the 54 patients, 46 had homozygous sickle cell anemia (HbSS) and 8 had sickle/?-thalassemia (HbS/?+-thalassemia). Fasting blood samples were collected. After centrifugation at 1500×g for 10 min, plasma samples were portioned and stored at -80 °C. IMA levels were determined by albumin cobalt binding test, a colorimetric method. Total and native thiols and disulfide were analyzed with a novel spectrophotometric method. Results: We found significantly lower levels of native thiol (-SH) (284.0±86.3 µmol/L), disulfide levels (14.6±7 µmol/L), and total thiols (-SH + -S-S-) (313.0±89.3 µmol/L) in SCD patients compared to healthy controls (respectively 417.0±54.2, 22.7±11.3, and 462.0±58.7 µmol/L). Plasma albumin levels (34.9±7.9 g/L) were lower and IMA levels (13.6±3.1 g/L) were higher in SCD patients compared to controls (respectively 43.5±3.1 and 8.4±1.6 g/L). Plasma albumin levels were strongly correlated with both plasma native (r=0.853; p=0.0001) and total thiols (r=0.866; p=0.0001). Conclusion: Decreased plasma native and total thiol levels and increased IMA levels are related to increased oxidative stress and provide an indirect and quick reflection of the oxidative damage in SCD patients.Amaç: Kalıtsal kan hastalıklarının bir grubu olarak tanımlanan orak hücre hastalığı (OHH), tüm dünyada milyonlarca insanı etkilemekte ve özellikle Türkiye’nin güneyinde yaygın olarak görülmektedir. OHH hastalarında, iskemi modifiye albümin (İMA) ve dinamik tiyol/disülfit dengesi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya, yaş ortalaması 28,3±8,4 (minimummaksimum: 18-46) olan 30 (%56) erkek ve 24 (%44) kadın olmak üzere 54 yetişkin OHH hastası ve 30 sağlıklı kontrol dahil edildi. Elli dört yetişkin OHH hastanın 46’sında homozigot orak hücre anemisi (HbSS) ve 8’inde orak/?-talasemi (HbS/?+-talasemi) vardır. Hasta ve kontrol gruplarının açlık kan örnekleri toplandı. Plazma örnekleri 1500×g’de 10 dakika santrifüj edildikten sonra porsiyonlandı ve -80 °C’de saklandı. İMA seviyeleri, kolorimetrik bir test olan albümin kobalt bağlanma testi ile belirlendi. Toplam ve serbest tiyoller ve disülfit düzeyleri yeni bir spektrofotmetrik metot ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: OHH hastalarında sırasıyla serbest tiyol düzeyleri (-SH) (284,0±86,3 µmol/L), disülfit seviyeleri (14,6±7 µmol/L) ve total tiyol (-SH + -SS-) düzeylerinin sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı derecede düşük olduğu bulundu (313,0±89,3 µmol/L) (417,0±54,2; 22,7±11,3; 462,0±58,7 µmol/L). OHH hastalarında kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında plazma albümin seviyeleri (34,9±7,9 g/L) daha düşük ve İMA düzeyleri (13,6±3,1 g/L) daha yüksek bulundu (sırasıyla 43,5±3,1; 8,4±1,6 g/L). Ayrıca, plazma albümin düzeylerinin, hem serbest tiyoller (r=0,853; p=0,0001) hem de total tiyoller (r=0,866; p=0,0001) ile güçlü bir korelasyona sahip olduğu bulundu. Sonuç: Azalmış plazma serbest ve total tiyol seviyeleri ve artmış İMA seviyeleri, artmış oksidatif stres ile ilişkilidir ve OHH hastalarında oksidatif hasarın dolaylı ve hızlı bir yansımasını sağlar