Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of Cu (II) and Zn (II) complexes of 5-aminobenzofuran-2-carboxylate Schiff base ligands

The ever-increasing spread of bacterial infection with rising antibacterial drug resistance has become a matter of global concern in the modern times. Therefore, such serious infections leading to high mortality rate has necessitated the search for new classes of effective antibacterial agents with minimum toxicity. Herein, we report the synthesis and identification of a new class of benzofuran based Schiff ligands (6a-6e) and their Cu/Zn complexes (7a-7j) via sequential reactions starting with Salicylaldehyde. Compounds 6a, 7c and 7e exhibit activity in the low microgram range against M. tuberculosis, showing the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 1.6 μg/mL. The compounds 6e and 7b also show interesting antibacterial activity against S. Aureus, E. coli and B. Subtilis with comparable area of inhibition of standard drugs under study. This research suggests that benzofuran based compounds can serve as a promising lead scaffold in developing new drugs to combat microbial infections

Comparative evaluation of marginal fit and axial wall adaptability of copings fabricated by metal laser sintering and lost-wax technique: An in vitro study

Purpose: The present study aims to compare and evaluate the marginal fit and axial wall adaptability of Co-Cr copings fabricated by metal laser sintering (MLS) and lost-wax (LW) techniques using a stereomicroscope. Materials and Methods: A stainless steel master die assembly was fabricated simulating a prepared crown; 40 replicas of master die were fabricated in gypsum type IV and randomly divided in two equal groups. Group A coping was fabrication by LW technique and the Group B coping fabrication by MLS technique. The copings were seated on their respective gypsum dies and marginal fit was measured using stereomicroscope and image analysis software. For evaluation of axial wall adaptability, the coping and die assembly were embedded in autopolymerizing acrylic resin and sectioned vertically. The discrepancies between the dies and copings were measured along the axial wall on each halves. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using unpaired t-test. Results: The mean values of marginal fit for copings in Group B (MLS) were lower (24.6 μm) than the copings in Group A (LW) (39.53 μm), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The mean axial wall discrepancy value was lower for Group B (31.03 μm) as compared with Group A (54.49 μm) and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The copings fabricated by MLS technique had better marginal fit and axial wall adaptability in comparison with copings fabricated by the LW technique. However, the values of marginal fit of copings fabricated that the two techniques were within the clinically acceptable limit (<50 μm)

Comprehensive assessment of attitude towards denture hygiene habits in complete denture wearers: An original study

Background and Aim: With the advanced innovations in the rehabilitation techniques, the usages of removable denture have been reduced significantly. However; complete denture are one of the most common and trendy avenue for restoring completely edentulous situations. The ultimate aim of this study was to assess the denture hygiene attitude in complete denture patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 complete denture wearing patients were selected for this assessment. The patients were selected in the age range of 45-70 years. The methodologies were explained to the patients prior to the real execution of the study. All interested complete denture patients were included in the study. We also performed a small demographic recording of the patients that includes data on gender, age, length of prosthesis utilize, cleaning strategies and materials, and so on. Statistical Analysis and Results: Basic statistical analysis was completed using SPSS statistical package for the Social Sciences version 21 for Windows. Only 58% of the patients reported that they use to clean their dentures every day once. Approximately 68% of the patients agreed that they do not remember the verbal and written instructions for denture hygiene at the time of delivery of complete dentures by the dentists

Manipulating metastability: Quenched control of topological defects in multiferroics

The topological properties of quasiparticles, such as skyrmions and vortices, have the potential to offer extraordinary metastability through topological protection, and drive motion with minimal electrical current excitation. This has promising implications for future applications in spintronics. Skyrmions frequently appear either in lattice form or as separate, isolated quasiparticles [Y. Tokura and N. Kanazawa, Chemical Reviews 121, 2857–2897 (2021)]. Magnetic ferroelectrics, a subset of multiferroics that exhibit magnetically induced ferroelectricity, possess intriguing characteristics like magnetic (electric) field-controlled ferroelectric (magnetic) responses. Previous research based on Landau theory indicated the potential to stabilize metastable phases in multiferroic barium hexaferrite [Karpov et al., Phys. Rev. B 100, 054432 (2019)]. We have successfully stabilized these meta-stable phases through magnetic quenching of hexaferrite nanoparticles, leading to the creation of compelling topological structures. The structural changes in individual BaFe12O19 nanocrystals were scrutinized using Bragg coherent diffractive imaging, granting us insight into the emergent topological structures in field-quenched multiferroics. Additionally, we explored why these structures are energetically preferable for the formation of metastable topological structures [Karpov et al., Nature Communications 8, 280 (2017) and Karpov et al., Phys. Rev. B 100, 054432 (2019)]

Comprehensive Assessment of Attitude Towards Denture Hygiene Habits in Complete Denture Wearers: an Original Study

Background and Aim: With the advanced innovations in the rehabilitation techniques, the usages of removable denture have been reduced significantly. However; complete denture are one of the most common and trendy avenue for restoring completely edentulous situations. The ultimate aim of this study was to assess the denture hygiene attitude in complete denture patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 complete denture wearing patients were selected for this assessment. The patients were selected in the age range of 45-70 years. The methodologies were explained to the patients prior to the real execution of the study. All interested complete denture patients were included in the study. We also performed a small demographic recording of the patients that includes data on gender, age, length of prosthesis utilize, cleaning strategies and materials, and so on. Statistical Analysis and Results: Basic statistical analysis was completed using SPSS statistical package for the Social Sciences version 21 for Windows. Only 58% of the patients reported that they use to clean their dentures every day once. Approximately 68% of the patients agreed that they do not remember the verbal and written instructions for denture hygiene at the time of delivery of complete dentures by the dentists

On the exploration of structured light transmission through a multimode fiber in a reference-less system

Recent advancements in optical wavefront shaping have brought multimode fibers (MMFs) into the spotlight as potential contenders for long-haul communication, positioning them as promising substitutes to single-mode fibers. MMFs offer greater data rates, countering the impending congestion of fiber-based networks. Additionally, their suitability for single fiber endoscope procedures presents them as compelling alternatives for minimally invasive endoscopy, providing information comparable to, if not surpassing, current cutting-edge technology. However, the complex modal behavior of light in MMFs hinders the implementation of these promising applications. Hence, precise modal excitation and control are crucial for improving the transmission of structured light in MMFs. This study introduces a groundbreaking approach that achieves the retrieval of the transmission matrix in a single step, thereby facilitating coherent light propagation through highly dispersive MMFs. By combining iterative phase retrieval algorithms with the measurement of phase shifts between experimentally established focal points, potential arbitrary interference control is enabled, leading to effective phase correction. The efficacy of our method is validated through the successful transmission of diverse structured light beams, including Laguerre–Gauss and Hermite–Gaussian types, as well as handwritten characters via MMF. The examination of structured light is simplified using an off-axis holographic technique that accurately captures both intensity and phase information. These results hold significant potential, paving the way for major advancements in long-distance communication and minimally invasive medical procedures, thereby transforming the telecommunications and healthcare sectors