Do community seed banks contribute to the social-ecological resilience of communities? A case-study from Western Guatemala

Community seed banks (CSBs) are initiatives to support the conservation and use of diverse crops though locally rooted collective action. The impact of CSBs is assumed to be complex, but has not been investigated in detail. Our study addresses this gap by analysing the impact of CSBs using social-ecological resilience as theoretical framework. We focus on the western highlands of Guatemala where CSBs have been implemented since 2009. We used qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection and analysis, including focus groups, participatory workshops, and structured and semi-structured interviews conducted in the local communities with CSB members and non-members. Our results indicate that CSBs contributed to increased seed exchanges, improved access to novel crop diversity, more saving of traditional varieties, and greater information and knowledge access, use and exchange. These effects strengthened the social-ecological resilience of the local communities. The scope of action of the CSBs, however, was constrained by wider socio-economic trends, including social divisions, out-migration of youth, and a change in livelihood strategies. We conclude that for CSBs to effectively strengthen social-ecological resilience in the future, they should be continuously adapted to the local context. Conceptually, our findings call for the further evolution of the CSB concept

Microcontroller-based automatic control and telemetry system for the Gacab, Abra micro-hydroelectric power plant

The installation and development of Micro-Hydroelectric power plants has paved way for the improvement of the lives of the people who live in remote areas. Micro-hydroelectric power plants not only provide electricity to the townspeople but also, it provides other livelihood projects. Although these power plants prove to be beneficial, the painstaking task of manually monitoring and adjusting the valves to produce and maintain a constant voltage level arises. Through technology, the automation of the plant\u27s control mechanism and remote monitoring of parameters are possible. The automatic control mechanism of the plant through Fuzzy Logic adjusts the guide vane of the plant depending on the load to maintain a voltage level within 218-222V. Furthermore, voltage and current levels are measured and acquired through a data acquisition module, which is then linked to a GSM module through a ZILOG Z8F6423 Microcontroller. The GSM module sends the gathered data via SMS to a receiving cellular phone, Nokia 7110. A GUI is made by using Visual C++ to display the data from the cellular phone, and allows the user to request data from the on-site power plant