Cerium oxide loaded with Gum Arabic as environmentally friendly anti-corrosion additive for protection of coated steel

The depreciation of assets and safety threats because of corrosion has forced to develop eco-friendly and smarter corrosion protection strategies. In this study, natural Gum Arabic (GA) was used as a corrosion inhibitor and loaded into cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) to develop an environment-friendly additive for corrosion protection of coated steel in the marine environment. This additive was uniformly dispersed into an epoxy formulation that was used to protect steel plates. Epoxy coatings containing CONPs, without GA, were also prepared as reference. High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the successful loading of GA into the CONPs. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) techniques confirmed approximately ⁓30.0 wt% loading of GA into the CONPs. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated the anticorrosion properties of the epoxy coatings modified with the GA loaded CONPs when compared to reference coatings. The corrosion protection mechanism postulates that GA loaded CONPs act as a filler material for epoxy coating and it can also aid the recovery of the protective properties of the epoxy coating leading to the formation of a stable protective layer.This publication was made possible by NPRP11S-1226-170132 from Qatar National Research Fund (a member of the Qatar Foundation). Statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors. The authors would like to thanks to the Central Laboratories Unit (CLU), Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar for FE-SEM, and HR-TEM analyses. Authors from Portugal acknowledge FCT for the additional funding under the project UIDB/00100/2020 and UIDP/00100/2020. Open Access funding provided by the Qatar National Library. The raw data required to reproduce these findings cannot be shared at this time as the data also forms part of an ongoing study.Scopu

Effect of the modified hybrid particle on the corrosion inhibition performance of polyolefin based coatings for carbon steel

This work reports the corrosion inhibition performance of modified hybrid particles reinforced into polyolefin matrix. The cerium oxide coated zinc oxide hybrid particles (CeO2@ZnO) were synthesized via a chemical precipitation process. The synthesized hybrid particles were modified with benzotriazole (BTA, corrosion inhibitor). The modified hybrid particles were reinforced into a polyolefin matrix in 1 wt. % concentration. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) analysis techniques were employed to characterize synthesized and modified hybrid particles. The results demonstrated that ZnO possessed hexagonal morphology covered with spherical CeO2 particles. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of characteristic peaks of the modified hybrid particles. TGA analysis demonstrated good thermal stability of synthesized particles. UV-vis spectroscopic analysis confirmed the release of the inhibitor from hybrid particle, which was pH and time-dependent. The modified polymeric coatings' self-healing functioning was evaluated through Electrochemical impedance spectroscopic analysis. The results revealed the prominent corrosion inhibition performance of modified coatings compared to the blank polyolefin coatings, which is attributed to the efficient release of the inhibitor from hybrid particles, making these coatings a promising solution for the protection of steel.This research was funded by the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of the Qatar Foundation), grant number NPRP Grant 11S-1226-170132 . Statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.Scopu

Modified halloysite nanotubes decorated with Ceria for synergistic corrosion inhibition of Polyolefin based smart composite coatings

The deteriorating effect of corrosion can be controlled by applying suitable polymeric-based coatings. In this work, polyolefin based smart composite coatings containing modified halloysite nanotubes decorated with ceria particles were investigated to analyze their anti-corrosion behavior. For this purpose, halloysite nanotubes (Hals) were utilized as nanocarriers which were loaded with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a corrosion inhibitor via overnight stirring and vacuum cycling method. The loaded Hals were then modified/decorated with cerium oxide (CeO2) particles by reacting cerium nitrate (Ce (NO3)3.6H2O) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) which resulted in the formation of CeO2@HAL/SDS. The synthesized modified particles (CeO2@HAL/SDS) were characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential thermal gravimetric analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and UV-vis spectroscopic analysis. TGA analysis results demonstrated that about 32% (w/w) of SDS has been loaded into Hal, and 47% (w/w) of CeO2 has been immobilized on the surface of Hal. UV-Vis analysis results demonstrated the pH-sensitive and time-dependent release behavior of synthesized particles. Furthermore, the modified CeO2@HAL/SDS particles (1 wt%) were reinforced into the polyolefin-based matrix, coated on a polished steel substrate and their electrochemical properties were investigated. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis confirms the promising improvement in the corrosion inhibition performance of polyolefin coatings modified with CeO2@HAL/SDS particles when compared to the polyolefin composite coatings modified with HAL/SDS due to the synergistic corrosion inhibition performance of Ce(OH)3 and Fe-SDS formation at the cathodic and anodic region of steel.This research was funded by the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of the Qatar Foundation ), grant number NPRP13S-0120-200116 and Qatar University internal grant number QUCG-CENG-22/23-461 . Statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.Scopu

Hybrid Halloysite Nanotubes as Smart Carriers for Corrosion Protection

Novel hybrid halloysite nanotubes (HHNTs) were developed and used as smart carriers for corrosion protection of steel. For this purpose, as-received halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were loaded with a corrosion inhibitor, imidazole (IM), by vacuum encapsulation. In the next step, a layer by layer technique was employed to intercalate another inhibitor, dodecylamine (DDA), in the polyelectrolyte multilayers of polyethylenimine and sulfonated polyether ether ketone, leading to the formation of HHNTs. During this process, IM (5 wt %) was successfully encapsulated into the lumen of HNTs, while DDA (0.4 wt %) was effectively intercalated into the polyelectrolyte layers. Later, the HHNTs (3 wt %) were thoroughly dispersed into the epoxy matrix to develop smart hybrid self-healing polymeric coatings designated as hybrid coatings. For a precise evaluation, epoxy coatings containing as-received HNTs (3 wt %) without any loading denoted to as reference coatings and modified coatings containing HNTs loaded with IM-loaded HNTs (3 wt %) were also developed. A comparative analysis elucidates that the hybrid coatings demonstrate decent thermal stability, improved mechanical properties, and promising anticorrosion properties compared to the reference and modified coatings. The calculated corrosion inhibition efficiencies of the modified and hybrid coatings are 92 and 99.8%, respectively, when compared to the reference coatings. Noticeably, the superior anticorrosion properties of hybrid coatings can be attributed to the synergetic effect of both the inhibitors loaded into HHNTs and their efficient release in response to the localized pH change of the corrosive medium. Moreover, IM shows an active release in both acidic and basic media, which makes it suitable for the protection of steel at the early stages of damage, while DDA being efficiently released in the acidic medium may contribute to impeding the corrosion activity at the later stages of deterioration. The tempting properties of hybrid coatings demonstrate the beneficial role of the development of novel HHNTs and their use as smart carriers in the polymeric matrix for corrosion protection of steel.This publication was made possible by NPRP11S-1226-170132 from Qatar National Research Fund (a member of the Qatar Foundation). Statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors. The authors would like to thank the Central laboratory Unit (CLU), Qatar University, for SEM analysis. The authors also acknowledge the support of Core lab-QEERI (HBKU) for proving TEM analysis.Scopu

Cerium dioxide nanoparticles as smart carriers for self-healing coatings

The utilization of self-healing cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO2), modified with organic corrosion inhibitors (dodecylamine (DDA) and n-methylthiourea (NMTU)), in epoxy coating is an efficient strategy for enhancing the protection of the epoxy coating and increasing its lifetime. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis was used to confirm the loading and presence of inhibitors in the nanoparticles. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) measurement studies revealed the amount of 25% and 29.75% w/w for NMTU and DDA in the nanoparticles, respectively. The pH sensitive and self-release behavior of modified CeO2 nanoparticles is confirmed through UV-vis spectroscopy and Zeta potential. It was observed, through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), that a protective layer had been formed on the defect site separating the steel surface from the external environment and healed the artificially created scratch. This protective film played a vital role in the corrosion inhibition of steel by preventing the aggressiveness of Cl- in the solution. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements exhibited the exceptional corrosion inhibition effciency, reaching 99.8% and 95.7% for the modified coating with DDA and NMTU, respectively, after five days of immersion time.This research was funded by Qatar National Research Fund (a member of the Qatar Foundation), grant number NPRP Grant 11S-1226-170132. Statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors

Effectiveness of epoxy coating modified with yttrium oxide loaded with imidazole on the corrosion protection of steel

The search for highly effective corrosion protection solutions to avoid degradation of the metallic parts is enabling the development of polymeric organic coatings. Of particular relevance, polymeric nanocomposite coatings, modified with corrosion inhibitors, have been developed to provide enhanced surface protection. In this work, yttrium oxide nanoparticles loaded with corrosion inhibitor (Imidazole), used as additives in the formulation of epoxy for coated on the steel substrate. The loading of Y2O3 with imidazole was confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. UV-Vis analysis demonstrated the pH-sensitive behavior of the imidazole that helps in self-release when necessary. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of the coated samples revealed that the coating modified with Y2O3/IMD provides better corrosion protection compared to coatings containing only Y2O3 . XPS analysis validated the presence of an imidazole protective film on the steel substrate that enhanced the corrosion resistance of the coated samples.The research funding was provided by the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of the Qatar Foundation, Grant Number NPRP11S-1226-170132. The additional funding for the project was also provided under the project UIDB/00100/2020 and UIDP/00100/2020.Scopu

Corrosion and heat treatment study of electroless nip-ti nanocomposite coatings deposited on hsla steel

Corrosion and heat treatment studies are essential to predict the performance and sustainability of the coatings in harsh environments, such as the oil and gas industries. In this study, nickel phosphorus (NiP)–titanium (Ti) nanocomposite coatings (NiP-Ti nanoparticles (TNPs)), containing various concentrations of Ti nanoparticles (TNPs) were deposited on high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel through electroless deposition processing. The concentrations of 0.25, 0.50 and 1.0 g/L TNPs were dispersed in the electroless bath, to obtain NiP-TNPs nanocomposite coatings comprising different Ti contents. Further, the effect of TNPs on the structural, mechanical, corrosion, and heat treatment performance of NiP coatings was thoroughly studied to illustrate the role of TNPs into the NiP matrix. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) results confirm the successful incorporation of TNPs into the NiP matrix. A substantial improvement in the mechanical response of the NiP matrix was noticed with an increasing amount of TNPs, which reached to its ultimate values (hardness 675 Hv, modulus of elasticity 18.26 GPa, and stffness 9.02 kN/m) at NiP-0.5TNPs coatings composition. Likewise, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements confirmed a tremendous increase in the corrosion inhibition efficiency of the NiP coatings with an increasing amount of TNPs, reaching ~96.4% at a composition of NiP-0.5TNPs. In addition, the NiP-TNPs nanocomposite coatings also unveiled better performance after heat treatment than NiP coatings, due to the presence of TNPs into the NiP matrix and the formation of more stable (heat resistant) phases, such as Ni3P, Ni3Ti, NiO, etc., during the subsequent processing.This publication was made possible by Qatar University Research Grant-IRCC-2020-006. The findings achieved herein are solely the responsibility of the authors

Effectiveness of Epoxy Coating Modified with Yttrium Oxide Loaded with Imidazole on the Corrosion Protection of Steel

The search for highly effective corrosion protection solutions to avoid degradation of the metallic parts is enabling the development of polymeric organic coatings. Of particular relevance, polymeric nanocomposite coatings, modified with corrosion inhibitors, have been developed to provide enhanced surface protection. In this work, yttrium oxide nanoparticles loaded with corrosion inhibitor (Imidazole), used as additives in the formulation of epoxy for coated on the steel substrate. The loading of Y2O3 with imidazole was confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis. UV-Vis analysis demonstrated the pH-sensitive behavior of the imidazole that helps in self-release when necessary. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of the coated samples revealed that the coating modified with Y2O3/IMD provides better corrosion protection compared to coatings containing only Y2O3. XPS analysis validated the presence of an imidazole protective film on the steel substrate that enhanced the corrosion resistance of the coated sample

Cellulose microfibers (CMFs) reinforced smart self-healing polymeric composite coatings for corrosion protection of steel

The use of organic coating for the metals has been widely being used to protect the surface against corrosion. Polymeric coating incorporated with Nanocontainers loaded with inhibitor and self-healing provides better corrosion resistance. Cellulose microfibers (CMFs) used as smart carriers were synthesized and loaded with dodecylamine (DOC)-inhibitor and polyethyleneimine (PEI)-both inhibitor and self-healing agent. Smart polymeric coatings were developed by mixing CMF/DOC and CMFs/PEI into the epoxy matrix. Reference coatings (that has only CMFs) were also prepared for a compersion. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermal Gravitational Analysis (TGA) were used to confirm the loading of DOC and PEI onto the CMFs. UV-vis analysis indicates that the self-release of inhibitor from CMFs is sensitive to pH of the solution and the immersion time. Recovery of controlled surface damage confirms the decent self-healing ability of the prepared smart coatings is due to the efficient release of inhibitor (DOC) and self-healing agent (PEI) in the damaged area leading to the formation of a protective film. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) results demonstrate that corrosion resistance of the smart coating increases with a increase in immersion time which is due to the progressive release of inhibitors from CMFs in response to the pH change. Therefore, smart coatings demonstrate superior properties as compared to the reference coatings. The study reveals the polymeric composite coatings has potential to inhibit the corrosion of steel for oil and gas industry

Cellulose microfibers (CMFs) as a smart carrier for autonomous self-healing in epoxy coatings

Synthesized cellulose microfibers (CMFs) were used as a smart carrier for the loading of inhibitor-dodecylamine (DOC) and inhibitor/self-healing polyethyleneimine (PEI). The loaded CMFs were thoroughly dispersed into the polymeric matrix to develop smart self-healing epoxy coatings. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirm the successful loading of inhibitors and self-healing agents on CMFs. UV-vis analysis indicates the pH sensitivity and time-dependent release of the loaded inhibitor. The inhibition mechanism and chemical interaction of the protective surface film layer on steel elucidated their role in autonomous self-healing. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements for a scratched coating sample demonstrate the increase in the impedance value for the smart coatings as compared to the reference coatings. This improvement is attributed to the efficient release of corrosion inhibitor and the development of a stable, protective film due to the self-healing effect. The synergetic effect of DOC and PEI revealed the self-healing ability of a smart epoxy coating.This publication was made possible by NPRP Grant 11S-1226-170132 from Qatar National Research Fund (a member of the Qatar Foundation). Statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.Scopu