If I Wasnt Poor, I Wouldnt Be Unfit: The Family Separation Crisis in the US Child Welfare System

'If I Wasn't Poor, I Wouldn't Be Unfit': The Family Separation Crisis in the US Child Welfare System, an ACLU research report produced in collaboration with Human Rights Watch, documents the child welfare system's disproportionate impact on Black and Indigenous families and people living in poverty. Based on comprehensive research, including interviews with caregivers, staff, and experts; policy analysis; and new analysis of government data, this report details how conditions of poverty, such as a family's struggle to pay rent or maintain housing, are misconstrued as neglect, and interpreted as evidence of an inability and lack of fitness to parent. The research found that child welfare systems too often charge parents of neglect and take away their children instead of providing support to keep families together. In addition to socioeconomic disparities, the report documents racial and ethnic disparities in child welfare system involvement. Black and Indigenous families disproportionately face intrusive child welfare interventions, including investigations and unjust removal of their children. This research not only provides a national perspective, but also includes select data points for each state and a deep dive into California, New York, Oklahoma, and West Virginia. The report concludes with concrete recommendations for federal, state, and local policymakers and stakeholders to take immediate measures to reduce the harmful impact of child welfare interventions, and to strengthen and support families and communities to prevent child maltreatment, without subjecting them to surveillance and regulation

A Study of Stress Factor and Its Impact on Students Academic Performance at Secondary School Level

The existing study is entitled “a study of stress factor and its impact on student’s academic performance at secondary level”. The important motives of this study were to explore the stress impact on the students’ academic performance. Stress is the main role in student’s academic performance. The objectives of the study were to, investigate the type of stress links with student’s performance, evaluate the impacts of stress on the academic performances of student’s and differentiate the impacts of stress on the academic performances of male and female student’s. The population of this study consisted of all the secondary school of district Vehari (Burewala, Mailsi and Vehari), Punjab, Pakistan. The total sample size was contained 360 male and female From this population the researcher was taken a sample of (n=12) secondary schools from each tehsil of district Vehari. The researcher was further divided schools into two group (n=6) males and (n=6) female schools. The researcher was taken (n=10) students from each school selected as sample. The researcher was used simple random sampling technique for data collection. Five points Likert scale used in this research. 99% respondents are responding about the factor of stress impact on their academic performance. After collected data, the data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. The tool (questionnaire) reliability of the collected data was 0.850 Cronbach alpha. In this study, a different test was applied to factor analysis and regression. Generally, the major findings of study exposed that there is a significant impact of stress on student’s academic performance. The study concluded that major factors of stress is teacher and parents. The study also determined that there is same effect of stress on male and female students. Keywords: Impact of Stress, Factor of stress on Male and Female. Learner Academic Performance DOI: 10.7176/JEP/10-13-01 Publication date:May 31st 201

Mimetic Representation of Female Characters in ‘Their Language of Love’ by Bapsi Sidhwa

Females always have been the topic of discussion under different aspects discussed in literature. From some last decades there have been some debatable titles in writing especially postcolonial literature. There are many female writers in this period of postcolonial. In Pakistan, the persons who have a name on the conversation of feminism; Bapsi Sidwa is a good name in them. Feminism is a broad topic to mentioning but it would be interested when telling about particular comparative analysis with the male author representing the society. It is very perceptible when the relation between them is like a master-slave relationship as Hegel believes, or having a balance between them. It depends upon many factors like the cultural effect of the society. Pakistani society has a patriarchal building block in it so its criteria of debate and the way the others take it, are different. This study helps to enhance the space for a female in a society described by Bapsi Sidwa.  Life depends on the thought of society and it varies the representative style of the authors. Key Words: Feminism, Societal effect, Relationships, Memetic representation DOI: 10.7176/JLLL/66-10 Publication date:March 31st 202

Assessment of Oral Stereognosis and Denture Satisfaction in Old Denture Wearers: A Retrospective Study

OBJECTIVES Stereognosis has been investigated occasionally to predict the prognosis of treatment with complete dentures. This study evaluated oral stereognosis and satisfaction levels in completely edentate patients wearing prostheses for at least three months. METHODOLOGY From November 2014 and January 2016, data from 322 patients' follow-up visits were collected from records of the Prosthodontics department at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro. Denture satisfaction was assessed using a self-structured proforma, and oral stereognosis was measured using different-shaped objects made from self-cure acrylic resin, kept in the oral cavity without showing them to the patient. The frequency of qualitative variables was determined for data analysis, and a chi-square test was applied. Significant P-values were defined as those less than 0. RESULTSThe male-to-female ratio was 1.2:1, with 50.9% wearing a prosthesis for less than a year and the minimum range being 3-6 years (13.66 %). Only 31 had stereognosis positive but were completely satisfied with their prosthesis, while 85 who were unsatisfied were found to have positive sensory perception. Statistical analysis for all groups shows a p-value of 0.000 for patient satisfaction with denture wear which is statistically significant. Most patients with the least duration of wear found their stereognosis positive and were unsatisfied with the prosthesis and vice versa. The chi-square test shows a statistically significant value for both groups of stereognosis i-e 0.0001.. CONCLUSION Patients with the shortest period of wear were found to be more dissatisfied, but their oral perception remained intact, while those with more experience complained less but had reduced stereognosis

Degradation study of different brands of amlodipine using UV spectrophotometer

Abstract There are several different brands available for Amlodipine as it is the most prescribed oral antihypertensive agents that is used for primary and secondary hypertension. The objective of this study develops the degradation studies of different brands of Amlodipine besylate 5 mg. This drug was subjected to different stress conditions as per International Conference on Harmonization guidelines (ICH). An ultraviolet UV spectroscopic method was developed for analysis of the drug in the presence of the degradation products. Distilled water was used as a solvents. The amount of degraded drugs was calculated by taking the absorbance at 238 nm. According to the assay limit of USP specified that the content should not be less than 95% and not more than 105% of labelled amount. Brand 1, 2 and 5 are degraded by UV light exposure and Brand 1 and 2 degraded after the heat exposure. On basic pH brand 1, 2 ,4 and 5 showed degradation after the addition of 1N NaOH while brand 3 do not degrade as the base has no impact on Amlodipine concentration. On addition of 1N HCL brands 1, 2, 4 and 5 showed heavy degradation and brand 3 is remain nondegradable in acidic pH. The method was found to be simple and less time consuming and cost effective

Insomnia and Sleep Deficiency in Pregnant Women: A Potential Study with Two Contrasts

Insomnia in pregnancy is associated with depression, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and preterm labor. In normal pregnancies, maternal plasma melatonin levels increase significantly as pregnancy proceeds, reaching its peak near term. However, the role of melatonin in insomnia during pregnancy is not known. The objective of this study was to measure nocturnal saliva melatonin levels in pregnant women with and without insomnia. Results did not show a significant difference in melatonin levels between insomniac (treated and untreated) and healthy pregnant women in all trimesters. However, sub-group analysis showed significantly lower melatonin levels in untreated insomniac pregnancies compared to healthy pregnancies and those treated with sleep medications. Results of this study confirmed lower levels of nocturnal melatonin in untreated pregnancies with insomnia. Future research is needed to investigate the safety and efficacy of melatonin supplementation for the treatment of insomnia in pregnancy, replacing psychotropic drugs

Building partnerships for scaling access to justice for survivors of sexual violence in Pakistan

Gender-Based Violence (GBV) is a prevalent issue faced by vulnerable segments of the population and disproportionately impacts women in Pakistan. While legislative and policy reforms have been endorsed at the state level to protect women their activation and implementation remains in a limbo. Focus on legislation and policy reform remains greater than enforcement of such laws and the establishment of protection mechanisms contained within. This and other factors including lack of resources, lack of awareness and inter-departmental coordination and under trained staff directly contribute to the weak response and underreporting of GBV. Having a strong understanding of the key challenges and hurdles in survivors’ access to justice and protection through Dastak’s extensive work in the field, this project was designed to focus on promoting the activation and/or usage of existing services within the Punjab Women Protection System (PWPS), increase interplay between Dastak’s work and state mechanisms, develop tools that to aid responders in the field to use WPS more effectively and improve the quality of response given to survivors of GBV