Data_Sheet_1_A study of the risk factors for phlebitis in patients stratified using the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score and admitted to the intensive care unit: A post hoc analysis of the AMOR-VENUS study.docx

IntroductionPeripheral intravascular catheters (PIVCs) are inserted in most patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Previous research has discussed various risk factors for phlebitis, which is one of the complications of PIVCs. However, previous studies have not investigated the risk factors based on the patient’s severity of illness, such as the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score. Different treatments can be used based on the relationship of risk factors to the illness severity to avoid phlebitis. Therefore, in this study, we investigate whether the risk factors for phlebitis vary depending on the APACHE II score.Materials and methodsThis study was a post hoc analysis of the AMOR-VENUS study involving 23 ICUs in Japan. We included patients with age ≥ 18 years and consecutive admissions to the ICU with PIVCs inserted during ICU admission. The primary outcome was phlebitis, and the objective was the identification of the risk factors evaluated by hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The cut-off value of the APACHE II score was set as ≤15 (group 1), 16–25 (group 2), and ≥26 (group 3). Multivariable marginal Cox regression analysis was performed for each group using the presumed risk factors.ResultsA total of 1,251 patients and 3,267 PIVCs were analyzed. Multivariable marginal Cox regression analysis reveals that there were statistically significant differences among the following variables evaluated HR (95%CI): (i) in group 1, standardized drug administration measures (HR, 0.4 [0.17–0.9]; p = 0.03) and nicardipine administration (HR, 2.25 [1.35–3.75]; p ConclusionWe found that phlebitis risk factors varied according to illness severity. By considering these different risk factors, different treatments may be provided to avoid phlebitis based on the patient’s severity of illness.</p

Table_1_A study of the risk factors for phlebitis in patients stratified using the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score and admitted to the intensive care unit: A post hoc analysis of the AMOR-VENUS study.DOCX

IntroductionPeripheral intravascular catheters (PIVCs) are inserted in most patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Previous research has discussed various risk factors for phlebitis, which is one of the complications of PIVCs. However, previous studies have not investigated the risk factors based on the patient’s severity of illness, such as the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score. Different treatments can be used based on the relationship of risk factors to the illness severity to avoid phlebitis. Therefore, in this study, we investigate whether the risk factors for phlebitis vary depending on the APACHE II score.Materials and methodsThis study was a post hoc analysis of the AMOR-VENUS study involving 23 ICUs in Japan. We included patients with age ≥ 18 years and consecutive admissions to the ICU with PIVCs inserted during ICU admission. The primary outcome was phlebitis, and the objective was the identification of the risk factors evaluated by hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The cut-off value of the APACHE II score was set as ≤15 (group 1), 16–25 (group 2), and ≥26 (group 3). Multivariable marginal Cox regression analysis was performed for each group using the presumed risk factors.ResultsA total of 1,251 patients and 3,267 PIVCs were analyzed. Multivariable marginal Cox regression analysis reveals that there were statistically significant differences among the following variables evaluated HR (95%CI): (i) in group 1, standardized drug administration measures (HR, 0.4 [0.17–0.9]; p = 0.03) and nicardipine administration (HR, 2.25 [1.35–3.75]; p ConclusionWe found that phlebitis risk factors varied according to illness severity. By considering these different risk factors, different treatments may be provided to avoid phlebitis based on the patient’s severity of illness.</p

Additional file 1 of Chest CT findings in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring V-V ECMO: J-CARVE registry

Additional file 1: SMethods. Figure S1. Representative images of each of the characteristic pulmonary opacities on chest computed tomography scans. Figure S2. Distribution of registered patients by years. Figure S3. Cumulative proportion of the duration (h) between chest computed tomography examinations and initiation of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Figure S4. Characteristics of the chest computed tomography findings according to the mechanical ventilation–extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support duration and the underlying etiology of the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Figure S5. Survival curve of the chest computed tomography findings related to changes outside of the pulmonary opacity (excluding subcutaneous emphysema). Figure S6. Survival curve of participants with and without traction bronchiectasis separately according to the underlying etiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Table S1. Concordance rates between two evaluators. Table S2. Basic information of the participating hospitals. Table S3. Characteristics of chest computed tomography findings. Table S4. Results of multivariate Cox regression analysis of the relationship between V-V ECMO support initiation and 90-day in-hospital mortality. Table S5. Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis for successful ECMO liberation