Does Electricity Consumption have Significant Impact towards the Sectoral Growth of Cambodia? Evidence from Wald Test Causality Relationship

It is recognized that energy-output relationship studies from an economic perspective have become popular among researchers recently. This study deals with the electricity consumption and outputs of some major economic sectors in Cambodia. The newly developed ARDL bound testing approach has been employed to examine the cointegration relationship. The Granger causality test of the aforementioned ARDL framework has also been used to investigate the corresponding causality effect. Analysis and discussion based on the data of Cambodia, for the period of 1980 to 2010, are presented. Interestingly, there is no any cointegration relationship identified between electricity consumption and sectoral outputs. But, causality effect has been identified from electricity consumption towards the sectoral outputs. Based on the findings, few recommendations have been made in the hope of systematizing the energy more efficiently within the scrutinized sectors

Energy Consumption and Sectoral Outputs in Laos : ARDL Bound Testing Approach

This study investigates the relationship between different types of energy consumption and outputs of the main economic sectors in Laos, where energy shortage is a major challenge faced by the economy. Our empirical analysis suggests that coal consumption and the outputs of the agricultural, services, transportation, and industrial sectors are cointegrated in the long-run. The industrial outputs and electricity consumption are co-integrated in the long-run as well. At the same time, the Granger causality of ARDL framework has been employed to identify the causality effect among the variables under studied. The causality direction shows different causality effect running from the sectoral outputs towards different types of energy. Based on the causality results, few recommendations have been suggested to organise the energy more effectively within the sectors in Laos to overcome energy shortage

Energy Consumption And Sectoral Outputs Of Myanmar

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the cointegration and causality link between selected type of energy consumption and selected sectoral outputs in Myanmar for 1980-2009 periods. The sum of selected sectors examined in this study contributed more than 80% to the GDP of Myanmar for the time period under studied (United Nation, 2011). The common time series econometrics analysis such as unit root, cointegration and the Granger causality tests have been applied in estimating the results in intention of achieving the objective of the study. For the cointegration test, ARDL bound testing approach which is developed by Pesaran et al. (2001) has been applied. This is followed by the Granger causality of ARDL framework. The empirical results suggested that the sectoral outputs of Myanmar have long-run relationship at least with one type of energy consumption. The causality directions run from all the sectoral outputs towards electricity, other energy, oil (just two sectors only) and gas consumption consistently

Relationship between Bioethanol Production and Agricultural Commodity Prices: for the case of Thailand

This paper examines the relationship between bio-ethanol production and agricultural commodity prices in Thailand. The main feedstocks for producing bioethanol in Thailand are sugarcane, cane molasses and cassava. Monthly data has been used from January 2006 to March 2014 to conduct this research. The existence of long-run relationships among the four variables i.e. bioethanol production, sugarcane farm gate price, cane molasses export price and cassava farm gate price detected through the Auto Regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) framework. Then, the Granger Causality Test (Wald Test) used to investigate the short-run causal relationship among those variables. From the result found that when bioethanol production act as independent variable, long-run equilibrium exist between bioethanol production and sugarcane farm gate price, cane molasses export price and cassava farm gate price, respectively. Besides that, Granger causality exists among the variables as well. Sugarcane farm gate price and bioethanol production as well as cassava farm gate price and bioethanol production are found to be having unidirectional Granger causality effect. Meanwhile, bidirectional Granger causality effect is found between cane molasses export price and bioethanol production. The results of this study would contribute towards significant policy making in Thailand

Are Sectoral Outputs in Pakistan Led by Energy Consumption

We investigate the relationships between energy consumption and the outputs of the main economics sectors in Pakistan, where energy shortage is a major challenge faced by the economy. It is found that services and industrial output, which make up of fourth-fifth of Pakistan gross domestic product, are not led by energy consumption in the country. Hence, the government of Pakistan could impose energy conservation measures on these two sectors with little or no adverse effect on the growth of those sectors

Disaggregated Energy Consumption and Sectoral Outputs in Thailand: ARDL Bound Testing Approach

From an economic perspective, energy-output relationship studies have become in-creasingly popular in recent times, partly fuelled by a need to understand the effect of energy on production outputs rather than overall GDP. This study dealt with disaggregated energy consump-tion and output of some major economic sectors in Thailand. ARDL Bound Testing approach was employed to examine the co-integration relationship. The Granger causality test of the afore- mentioned ARDL framework was done to investigate the corresponding causality effect. Results showed that, from year 1980 to 2010, productivity of most scrutinized industries was highly reliant on crude oil and natural gas. However, coal usage in transportation and agricultural industries can be reduced without affecting productivity. Few recommendations are given thereafter for Thailand to better manage their imported and local energy sources

The Relationship Between the Quality of Sustainability Reporting and Corporate Financial Performance: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study

Purpose- The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between the quality of sustainability reports (QSR) and corporate financial performance (CFP). Since the global reporting initiative (GRI) reporting guideline is widely adopted by organizations over the world, the reporting organizations that report their corporate social responsibility (CSR) information under GRI reporting guidelines. Design/methodology/approach- In this study total of 6,519 samples are obtained from the GRI report list in the reporting period from the year 2009 to 2013 for analysis. Findings- The results demonstrate higher QSR results in better profitability and CFP but QSR exceeding a certain level in return increase the utilization of the firm’s resources and this leads to a decrease in overall profitability. Besides, the study proved that continuing investment in sustainability reporting and the decrease in a firm’s profitability affect the overall profitability – Returns on asset (ROA) and Returns on sales (ROS) of the organization. Originality/value- Provides the empirical study on the relationship between QSR and CFP based on the GRI report list in the reporting period from 2009 to 2013

The Impact of Demographic Factors on Tax Compliance Attitude and Behavior in Malaysia

This research explored the existence of differences in the impact of demographic factors on tax compliance attitude and behavior in Johor Bahru, Johor. The sample for the preliminary study is small which 92 respondents only and thus the optimum of the results is limited. The result of this investigation shows the ignorance of taw law among taxpayers in Johor Bahru, Johor may be a significant concern to the Government. Majority of the respondents agree that cash received for work dine is taxable but view bartering goods with a friend and not reporting it, though illegal, on their tax return as acceptable. The outcome of this study reveals that both male and female respondents were found to be having similar complaint attitudes. The three independent variables, which is ethnic group, academic qualification and attitude towards compliance were the only variables that shown a statistically significant. The overall compliance attitude where measured by EVSCALE and the remaining 14 individual measurement items, however, does not signify differences among ethnic group

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AUDIT COMMITTEE CHARACTERISTICS, EXTERNAL AUDITORS AND ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED (EVA) OF PUBLIC LISTED FIRMS IN MALAYSIA

Malaysia is a developing economy which is one of the corporate leaders in South East Asian countries. Practicing audit committee is mandatory for public listed firms in Malaysia according to Bursa Malaysia Listing Requirements as well Malaysian Code of Corporate Governance. The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between audit committee characteristics and firm performance among public listed firms in Malaysia. This study employed EVA as performance measurement tool. The sample is 75 firm year observations and covers fiscal years 2008-2010. The study found that audit committee independence is positively associated with firm performance while audit quality is negatively associated in Malaysia. Overall, audit committee characteristics have a positive effect on firm performance. This study contributes to the literature as well as in empirical evidence on audit committee characteristics and firm audit quality. The results suggest that Big 4 firms have a negative impact on value based measure in Malaysia

Relationship between audit committee characteristics, external auditors and economic value added (EVA) of public listed firms in Malaysia

Malaysia is a developing economy which is one of the corporate leaders in South East Asian countries. Practicing audit committee is mandatory for public listed firms in Malaysia according to Bursa Malaysia Listing Requirements as well Malaysian Code of Corporate Governance. The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between audit committee characteristics and firm performance among public listed firms in Malaysia. This study employed EVA as performance measurement tool. The sample is 75 firm year observations and covers fiscal years 2008-2010. The study found that audit committee independence is positively associated with firm performance while audit quality is negatively associated in Malaysia. Overall, audit committee characteristics have a positive effect on firm performance. This study contributes to the literature as well as in empirical evidence on audit committee characteristics and firm audit quality. The results suggest that Big 4 firms have a negative impact on value based measure in Malaysia