UK coastal governance: Future insights (R2 report)

This research was part of a PhD supervised by Dr Thomas Appleby and Dr Enda Hayes at the University of the West of England (UWE), Bristol, UK, members of the International Water Security Network: www.watersecuritynetwork.org/uk-coastal-governance/Thesis title: Enhancing Collaborative Governance for Coastal Stewardship in the UK. Natasha Jayne Barker Bradshaw, December 2022Faculty of Environment and Technology, University of the West of England, Bristol.The research was part funded by Lloyd’s Register Foundation, a charitable foundation, helping to protect life and property by supporting engineering-related education, public engagement and the application of research. For more information, see: www.lrfoundation.org.uk

UK coastal governance: Future insights (R1 report)

This research is part funded by Lloyd’s Register Foundation, a charitable foundation, helping to protect life and property by supporting engineering-related education, public engagement and the application of research. For more information, see: www.lrfoundation.org.uk This research was part of a PhD supervised by Dr Thomas Appleby and Dr Enda Hayes, members of the International Water Security Network at the University of the West of England (UWE), Bristol, UK.Further information is available at www.watersecuritynetwork.org/uk-coastal-governance

Focus on the coast

This article highlights the potential of collaborative governance mechanisms and participatory approaches to involve coastal communities in decision-making and help to promote coastal and ocean stewardship

Improving governance through coastal partnerships in the UK

This research was part of a PhD supervised by Dr Thomas Appleby and Dr Enda Hayes at the University of the West of England (UWE), Bristol, UK, members of the International Water Security Network: www.watersecuritynetwork.org/uk-coastal-governance/Thesis title: Enhancing Collaborative Governance for Coastal Stewardship in the UK.Natasha Jayne Barker Bradshaw, December 2022Faculty of Environment and Technology, University of the West of England, Bristol.The research was part funded by Lloyd’s Register Foundation, a charitable foundation, helping to protect life and property by supporting engineering-related education, public engagement and the application of research. For more information, see: www.lrfoundation.org.uk

The public trust doctrine at the coast

This research was part of a PhD supervised by Dr Thomas Appleby and Dr Enda Hayes at the University of the West of England (UWE), Bristol, UK, members of the International Water Security Network: www.watersecuritynetwork.org/uk-coastal-governance/Thesis title: Enhancing Collaborative Governance for Coastal Stewardship in the UK.Natasha Jayne Barker Bradshaw, December 2022Faculty of Environment and Technology, University of the West of England, Bristol.The research was part funded by Lloyd’s Register Foundation, a charitable foundation, helping to protect life and property by supporting engineering-related education, public engagement and the application of research. For more information, see: www.lrfoundation.org.uk

Enhancing collaborative governance for coastal stewardship in the UK

The UK’s extensive and diverse coastline is on the frontline of climate change and our response is challenging, because the governing system in place to manage coastal space is complex. Coastal governance lacks identity, having evolved in a fragmented manner across the land and sea. To adapt to change and protect people, property and wildlife, better governance and careful stewardship of coastal resources is needed. The aim of this research was to review the powers and duties of existing governing bodies across the land-sea interface, and consider how to strengthen their roles to support collaborative governance and stewardship. The thesis provides unique insights into the socio-legal context for managing the UK coast: the regulatory, policy, planning and institutional framework. This was combined with a Delphi-based method which engaged a large group of experienced professionals and practitioners from across the UK, in an iterative dialogue about the current context and future direction for UK coastal governance. The results were verified through a practitioner workshop, where research participants identified actions to implement the recommendations.A consensus was reached on the need to bring together top-down and bottom-up approaches to governance, encouraging planning and management at a scale that links people’s sense of place with the coastal ecosystem. This would be driven by a new national coastal strategy and associated coastal policy, to support institutional collaboration and encourage engagement in decision-making from the local level. Nested coastal plans with democratic accountability would fulfil a governance gap and drive integrated planning across the land-sea interface. The thesis concludes by proposing a collaborative governance framework and route-map for coastal stewardship in the UK. It combines insights from the literature with the consensus found amongst research participants. The government’s role as a guardian of the public trust, alongside the rights and duties of public bodies and stakeholders, suggests strengthening existing and new local delivery networks based on coastal socio-ecological system units. Complete coverage and the strengthening of coastal and estuary partnerships could foster delivery through trusteeship and evolve the legal framework towards a guardianship approach. New coastal assemblies are proposed, to encourage investment in collaborative effort, and provide the coast and its communities with a stronger voice in future decision-making

Legal standing for the coast?

This research was part of a PhD supervised by Dr Thomas Appleby and Dr Enda Hayes at the University of the West of England (UWE), Bristol, UK, members of the International Water Security Network: www.watersecuritynetwork.org/uk-coastal-governance/Thesis title: Enhancing Collaborative Governance for Coastal Stewardship in the UK.Natasha Jayne Barker Bradshaw, December 2022Faculty of Environment and Technology, University of the West of England, Bristol.The research was part funded by Lloyd’s Register Foundation, a charitable foundation, helping to protect life and property by supporting engineering-related education, public engagement and the application of research. For more information, see: www.lrfoundation.org.uk

UK coastal governance: Future insights (R3 report) December 2018

This research was part of a PhD supervised by Dr Thomas Appleby and Dr Enda Hayes at the University of the West of England (UWE), Bristol, UK, members of the International Water Security Network: www.watersecuritynetwork.org/uk-coastal-governance/Thesis title: Enhancing Collaborative Governance for Coastal Stewardship in the UK. Natasha Jayne Barker Bradshaw, December 2022Faculty of Environment and Technology, University of the West of England, Bristol.The research was part funded by Lloyd’s Register Foundation, a charitable foundation, helping to protect life and property by supporting engineering-related education, public engagement and the application of research. For more information, see: www.lrfoundation.org.uk

Wholescape thinking guidance note: Towards integrating the management of catchments, coast and the sea through partnerships

Our aim is to achieve a common vision of wholescape partnership working that helps overcome barriers and deliver effective environmental management. Wholescape thinking will bring different interests together rather than prescribing a fixed agenda. This Guidance Note aims to seed ideas and help the concept evolve. 'Partnership working' (working together for specific reasons) and the wider concept of 'partnerships' (that have long-term governance arrangements) are established concepts. We seek to integrate these ways of working with the need to work at larger spatial scales-combining landscapes, coastal zones and seascapes-which we term wholescape thinking. It offers an opportunity to underpin best practice for managing the natural environment sustainably, making best use of its natural capital. Our long-term goal is to see partnerships amongst and between government, civil society and businesses that operate at the wholescale-linking, where appropriate, land, the coast and sea. Although wholescape is based on geography (bio-physical scale), we need a transformation in human behaviour to affect a cultural change at this scale. Putting this concept into practice remains a challenge; the idea is being taught, but not acted upon

Chemotherapy-induced cachexia dysregulates hypothalamic and systemic lipoamines and is attenuated by cannabigerol

Background Muscle wasting, anorexia, and metabolic dysregulation are common side-effects of cytotoxic chemotherapy, which have a dose-limiting effect on treatment efficacy, and compromise quality of life and mortality. Extracts of Cannabis sativa, and analogues of the major phytocannabinoid Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, have been used to ameliorate chemotherapy-induced appetite loss and nausea for decades. However, psychoactive side-effects limit their clinical utility, and they have demonstrated little efficacy against weight loss. We have recently shown that the non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid cannabigerol (CBG) stimulates appetite in healthy rats, without neuromotor side-effects. The present study was thus designed to test whether CBG could attenuate anorexia and/or any other cachectic effects induced by the broad-spectrum chemotherapy agent cisplatin. Methods An acute cachectic phenotype was induced in adult male Lister-hooded rats by administration of 6 mg/kg (i.p.) cisplatin. A total of 66 rats were randomly allocated to groups receiving vehicle only, cisplatin only, or cisplatin and either 60 or 120 mg/kg CBG (po, b.i.d.). Feeding behavior, bodyweight and locomotor activity were recorded for 72 hours, at which point rats were sacrificed for post-mortem analyses. Myofibre atrophy, protein synthesis and autophagy dysregulation were assessed in skeletal muscle, plasma metabolic profiles were obtained by untargeted 1H-NMR metabonomics, and plasma and hypothalamic levels of endocannabinoid-like lipoamines were quantified by targeted HPLC-MS/MS lipidomics. Results CBG (120 mg/kg) modestly increased food intake, predominantly at 36-60hrs (p<0.05), and robustly attenuated cisplatin-induced weight loss from 6.3% to 2.6% at 72hrs (p<0.01). Cisplatin-induced skeletal muscle atrophy was associated with elevated plasma corticosterone and observed selectively in MHC type IIx and IIb fibres, which was reversed by pharmacological rescue of dysregulated Akt/S6-mediated protein synthesis and autophagy processes. Plasma metabonomic analysis revealed cisplatin-induced cachexia was associated with a wide-ranging aberrant metabolic phenotype, involving alterations to glucose, amino acid, choline and lipid metabolism, citrate cycle, gut microbiome function, and nephrotoxicity, which were partially normalized by CBG treatment. Lipidomic analysis of hypothalami and plasma revealed extensive cisplatin-induced dysregulation of central and peripheral lipoamines, including reversible elevations in systemic N-acyl glycine concentrations which were negatively associated with the anti-cachectic effects of CBG treatment. Conclusions Endocannabinoid-like lipoamines may have hitherto unrecognized roles in the metabolic side-effects associated with chemotherapy, with the N-acyl glycine subfamily in particular identified as a potential therapeutic target and/or biomarker of anabolic interventions. CBG-based treatments may represent a novel therapeutic option for chemotherapy-induced cachexia, warranting investigation in tumour-bearing cachexia models