Electrical conduction properties of flash evaporated ZincPhthalocyanine (ZnPc) thin films

Solar energy as the principle source has become very attractive, as it is abundantly available, can be tapped locally, pollution free and commercially viable over a period. Solar energy may be converted to other forms of higher-grade energy through one of several methods such as photothermal, photochemical, photoelectrochemical and photovoltaic (PV). Among these, as noted above the cleanest and most direct and efficient and of converts to electrical power is with the help of PV or solar cell devices. Photovoltaics are one of the hottest areas of research today. Nowadays organic material finds greater importance in the PV cell fabrications. Among the available organic materials ZincPhthalocyanine is a promising candidate for the solar cell applications, because of its easy synthesization and non-toxic to the environment. The major part of incident light in the visible region effectively contributes to photocarrier generation and the excited ZnPc molecules play an important role in PV effect. In this paper, we have reported electrical transport properties of flash evaporated ZincPhthalocyanine thin films have been reported. DC conduction mechanism in these films (Al–ZnPc–Al structure) was studied at different temperatures. The field dependence behaviour on activation energy and possible conduction mechanism in the ZnPc films under DC field has been discussed

Pulmonary tuberculosis presenting as cystic disease/abscess: A case report

There was a 19% increase in year 2021 when compared to 2020 in TB patients’ notification in India, even though TB notifications noted around the period corresponding to India’s two major COVID-19 waves showed a brief decline, the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) managed to reclaim the lost numbers. Cystic changes of the soft tissue and chest wall associated with pulmonary tuberculosis is rarely diagnosed and reported, and only few patients were diagnosed based only on the radiological and histopathological findings. Herewith, we report the microbiological, histopathological, computed tomographic, ultrasound and clinical findings of cystic change in pulmonary tuberculosis in an immunocompetent 18-year-old male who presented with pain in the Chest and swelling in the left infra mammary region for a short duration of one month. The lesion regressed and patient showed clinical improvement following Anti-tuberculous therapy treatment initiation after linking the patient with NIKSHAY system and is currently under ATT