Avaliação do ambiente regional promovendo o desenvolvimento da atividade científica

The paper is devoted to the research of regional environment’s current state, that promoting development of scientific and technological activity in the Russian Federation’s subjects.For the study purposes we developed a system of primary indicators that characterizes the potential and the results of the functioning of the research and development sector in the regions. The information sources for forming the system of indicators are official statistics and systematized data from official sources that are freely available on the Internet.The Index of the regional scientific environment was calculated and the rating of the Russian Federation’s subjects was formed based on the method developed by the authors.The index structure corresponds to five key tasks identified in the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation.Approbation of the developed methodology was carried out on the materials of 85 subjects of the Russian Federation. The study’s obtained results are visualized using the map of intensity of the development of the regional scientific environment.Recommendations for the development of the regional scientific environment and scientific and technological activities in the regions have been developed based on the results obtained in the study.The study’s results can be used for the purposes of regional management of the science sector’s development.El documento está dedicado a la investigación del estado actual del entorno regional, que promueve el desarrollo de la actividad científica y tecnológica en los temas de la Federación de Rusia.Para los fines del estudio, desarrollamos un sistema de indicadores primarios que caracteriza el potencial y los resultados del funcionamiento del sector de investigación y desarrollo en las regiones. Las fuentes de información para formar el sistema de indicadores son estadísticas oficiales y datos sistematizados de fuentes oficiales que están disponibles gratuitamente en Internet.Se calculó el índice del entorno científico regional y se formó la calificación de las asignaturas de la Federación de Rusia en función del método desarrollado por los autores.La estructura del índice corresponde a cinco tareas clave identificadas en la Estrategia para el Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico de la Federación de Rusia.La aprobación de la metodología desarrollada se llevó a cabo en los materiales de 85 sujetos de la Federación de Rusia.Los resultados obtenidos del estudio se visualizan utilizando el mapa de intensidad del desarrollo del entorno científico regional.Las recomendaciones para el desarrollo del entorno científico regional y las actividades científicas y tecnológicas en las regiones se han desarrollado sobre la base de los resultados obtenidos en el estudio.Los resultados del estudio pueden utilizarse para los fines de la gestión regional del desarrollo del sector de la ciencia.O documento é dedicado à investigação do estado atual do ambiente regional, que promove o desenvolvimento da atividade científica e tecnológica nos assuntos da Federação Russa.Para os propósitos do estudo, desenvolvemos um sistema de indicadores primários que caracteriza o potencial e os resultados da operação do setor de pesquisa e desenvolvimento nas regiões. As fontes de informação para formar o sistema de indicadores são estatísticas oficiais e sistematizadas de fontes oficiais disponíveis gratuitamente na Internet.O índice do ambiente científico regional foi calculado e a qualificação dos sujeitos da Federação Russa foi formada de acordo com o método desenvolvido pelos autores.A estrutura do índice corresponde a cinco tarefas-chave identificadas na Estratégia para o Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico da Federação Russa.A aprovação da metodologia desenvolvida foi realizada nos materiais de 85 sujeitos da Federação Russa.Os resultados obtidos no estudo são visualizados utilizando o mapa de intensidade do desenvolvimento do ambiente científico regional.As recomendações para o desenvolvimento do ambiente científico regional e as atividades científicas e tecnológicas nas regiões foram desenvolvidas com base nos resultados obtidos no estudo.Os resultados do estudo podem ser utilizados para os propósitos da gestão regional do desenvolvimento do setor de ciências

Problems and Prospects of the Land Market Development in Russia

The article formulates the problem of land ownership formation, and land market development. It has been found that the theory of institutional changes has a high methodological potential for the studies of land relations. It is proposed to use the institutional approach to the study of land ownership and transaction costs, whose growth hinders the development of the land market in Russia. According to the theory of R. Coase, the significance of transaction costs for the land market development was shown, and the conclusion about the need to reduce them was made. Taking into account the objective limitations of turnover of agricultural land category, it was proposed to assess the potential of development of the various sectors of land market in the country using the growth curve methodology. There was justified the expediency of evaluating the public and private sector of land market in terms of turnover, which expresses the ratio of the total land area of transactions in the segmental markets to the total amount of land in the definite form of ownership. The land transactions were evaluated and the forecast of the land market development in the Russian Federation was defined.  Keywords: form of ownership, land market, institutional approach, transaction costs, market infrastructure, market value of land, JEL Classifications: K11, Q1

The Methodology of Complex Continuous Training of the Students of Technical Universities to Innovative Activities

The urgency of preparing students for innovative activities is connected with the increasing requirements of the modern economy for the specialists’ competencies. The paper presents a methodology for the integrated continuous training of the students of technical universities to innovative activity. The methodological basis of the study is backed with the systemic, competence-based and resource-based approaches. The methodology presents the system of competencies of innovation activities including five levels and four components at each level. The training is carried out within the three stages: the guidance stage, the formative stage and prospective stage. For every stage we have determined the objectives, mechanisms, approaches, teaching tools and planned results. The experimental testing of the methods has allowed to identify the main factors of successive teaching. The results of the study may be useful for researchers and practitioners studying the problems of innovative engineering education. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n2s3p3

Altruism and selfishness of young ambitious people and sustainable consumption

The paper presents the results of an empirical study of the orientation to altruism and the orientation to the selfishness of ambitious young people. All three phenomena studied manifest themselves in a person's social activity, in his relationship with other people. We see ambition as the desire of a person to become a significant person and to gain recognition of other people for real achievements. Altruism and ego is a certain attitude and behavior of a person, his interaction with other people. Altruism is a conscious and voluntary service to people, a desire to help other people, sympathy and collaboration. Selfishness is a person's preference and satisfaction with interests while neglecting the interests of others. The empirical study did not reveal significant differences in the representation and expression of altruism and selfishness among ambitious and unambiguous young people. The average score of altruism and selfishness in both groups of young people is in the range of averages, which suggests that both young people are equally inclined both to unselfishly help other people and to focus on personal interests. The results confirmed our assumption that ambitious people are different, and can be both altruistic and selfish. At the moment, the question of the unambitious characteristics of people who love them selves, who distinguish them from unambitious people, remains open and requires further study

Ambition of young people - representatives of Y and Z generations

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of self-assessment of ambition of students - representatives of Y and Z generations. The aim of the study was to identify the similarities and differences in self-esteem of ambition and the degree of its expression among young people of different generations. A cross-sectional survey of young people's ambition was conducted in 2009 (Gen Y youth) and 2020 (Gen Z youth). The study involved 200 young people aged 18-22: 106 young people of generation Y and 94 young people of generation Z. To study ambition, the “Ambition” questionnaire (O.V. Barsukova) was used. Most of the young people of generation Y assess themselves as ambitious or rather ambitious people (70.42%), slightly more than a quarter of students (28.17%) consider themselves to be un-ambitious people or rather un-ambitious than ambitious people. The minimum number of students found it difficult to assess themselves (1.41%). Most of the young people of generation Y rate their ambition as high (45.07%), about a third of them - as moderate (30.99%), about a quarter of them - as low (23.94%). The majority of young people of generation Z (70.22%) consider themselves ambitious people or rather ambitious than un-ambitious people, about a third of them (29.79%) consider themselves un-ambitious people or rather un-ambitious than ambitious people. There were no young people who found it difficult to assess themselves. Most of the young people of generation Z rate their ambition as moderate (51.06%), just over a third of them - as high (36.17%), the minimum number - as low (12.77%). There were no significant differences in the self-esteem of ambition and in the degree of its expression among young people belonging to different generations

Informational technologies and the prospects of personalization of food rations

Among the main markets of the national technological initiative there is the platform of developing competitive projects of the food industry – FoodNet. The promising line of the market development is transition to personalized nutrition which takes into account a person’s genetic traits, his or her physiological and biomedical needs and creation of digital platforms for its implementation. In the context of constant growth of the number of diagnosable genetic diseases, including alimentary-dependent ones, such an approach is very modern. Medical technological scheme of constructing personalized products is presented in the article and also its implementation as exemplified by gluten-free flour confectionery articles is considered. A program module for automatic calculation of the characteristics of developed products was realized on the basis of the suggested scheme and it represents a client-server application. The optimal parameters for the biscuit manufacturing technology were set on the basis of the program module operation which allows obtaining products for special use and enriched with mineral substances

Informational technologies and the prospects of personalization of food rations

Among the main markets of the national technological initiative there is the platform of developing competitive projects of the food industry – FoodNet. The promising line of the market development is transition to personalized nutrition which takes into account a person’s genetic traits, his or her physiological and biomedical needs and creation of digital platforms for its implementation. In the context of constant growth of the number of diagnosable genetic diseases, including alimentary-dependent ones, such an approach is very modern. Medical technological scheme of constructing personalized products is presented in the article and also its implementation as exemplified by gluten-free flour confectionery articles is considered. A program module for automatic calculation of the characteristics of developed products was realized on the basis of the suggested scheme and it represents a client-server application. The optimal parameters for the biscuit manufacturing technology were set on the basis of the program module operation which allows obtaining products for special use and enriched with mineral substances

Architecture and life forms of

Thymus jenisseensis is endemic to Southern Siberia. The structure of Thymus jenisseensis were studied with the use of an architectural approach. The architectural unit consist of branched compound skeletal axis of the 1st and 2nd order, and is repeated many times in the structure of adults. As a result of studying the architectural units of individuals growing in different sites of a coenopopulation, in the upper border of the forest belt (Tsagan-Shibetu, Republic of Tuva), differences were identified. An architectural unit consisting of branched orthotropic or ascending basisympodially accreting compound skeletal axes develops on a site of a dry riverbed; an architectural unit consisting of branched orthotropic or ascending acrosympodially accreting compound skeletal axes develops on a site of high-altitude steppe on a plain. The diversity of compound skeletal axes in the structure of architectural units contributes to the formation of two biomorphs (dwarf subshrub and dwarf shrub), changes in the vitality and duration of development of T. jenisseensis individuals. The identified features of architecture are morphological mechanisms of adaptation of the species to living conditions