16 research outputs found
Π‘ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²
Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎ- ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠ±Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ΅ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π°Π»ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π°Π½, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΈΠ½Π°. ΠΠ° ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»Ρ β ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°. ΠΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² β ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»Ρ. Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ 2 ΡΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²: Β«Π°Π»ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ β Ρ
ΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π°Π½Β» ΠΈ Β«Π»ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ β Ρ
ΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π°Π½Β». ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ β Π±Π»ΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π°Π½Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ β Π°Π³ΡΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΡΡΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ, ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ (Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°Π΄ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ) ΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π°Π½Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎ- ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅ 2-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ, ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ. ΠΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ, ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎ 1-ΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ, Π° ΠΏΠΎ 2-ΠΉ β ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΡΡΠ³Ρ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ². Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ β ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
β Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Β«Π°Π»ΡΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ β Ρ
ΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π°Π½Β» Π² ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Β«Π»ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ β Ρ
ΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π°Π½Β» ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎ-Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌΡ, Ρ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ: Π½Π°ΠΌΠΎΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠ².
ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΎ Π.Π‘., ΠΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊ Π.Π., ΠΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° Π.Π., ΠΠΎΠ³Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ Π.Π., ΠΠ²Π°Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ² Π.Π. Π‘ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² // ΠΠ·Π². Π²ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ΅ΡΠ½. ΠΆΡΡΠ½. 2023. β 6. Π‘. 190β203. https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-6-190-20
Analysis of the Aging Processes of Writing Ink: Raman Spectroscopy versus Gas Chromatography Aspects
This work is devoted to the extremely popular but poorly developed scientific and forensic problem of the estimation of the actual dates of inscriptions placed on paper and made by ballpoint pens. It is shown that the degradation of writing inks with time may be controlled via Raman spectroscopy and gas chromatography. The time intervals for the implementation of each of these methods were determined using the ratios of the Raman peak intensities as degradation characteristics rather than their absolute values. In turn, this eliminates the effect of the concentration of a dye. The mutual influence of the volatile components and dyes of writing inks was also investigated and the time interval within which such influence is critical was found. According to the obtained results, a new methodological scheme for determining the age of documents, which were created at least 40 months ago, was proposed
Novel biocompatible Cu2+-containing composite hydrogels based on bacterial cellulose and poly-1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole
Novel composite hydrogels representing interpenetrating polymeric networks (IPN) have been synthesized and consisted of Gluconacetobacter xylinus cellulose (GxC) and poly-1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole (PVT) with Cu2βΊ. The composite hydrogelsβ mesostructure has been studied from 1.6 βnm to 2.5 βΞΌm by small-angle and ultra-small-angle neutron scattering methods. It has been found that IPN complexes have three types of inhomogeneities: GxC, PVT, and PVT complex with Cu2βΊ. The amount of the absorbed ions can be tuned as confirmed by electron paramagnetic spectroscopy. Besides, three hierarchy levels of GxC remained in the supramolecular structure of composite hydrogels. Reveling structure formation in these composite hydrogels is essential in fabricating hybrid polymeric materials for regenerative medicine, involving antibacterial or antifungal applications
Mesoporous Networks of N-Vinylpyrrolidone with (di)Methacrylates as Precursors of Ecological Molecular Imprinted Polymers
Mesoporous polymer networks were prepared via the cross-linking radical copolymerization of non-toxic hydrophilic N-vinylpyrrolidone (VP) with triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDM) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ester methacrylate (PEGMMA) in bulk, using appropriate soluble and thermodynamically compatible macromolecular additives with a branched structure as porogens. The branched copolymers of various monomer compositions were obtained by radical copolymerization in toluene, controlled by 1-decanethiol, and these materials were characterized by a wide set of physical chemical methods. The specific surface areas and surface morphology of the polymer networks were determined by nitrogen low-temperature adsorption or Rose Bengal (RB) sorption, depending on the copolymer compositions and scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties of RB before and after its encapsulation into a branched VP copolymer were studied on a glassy carbon electrode and the interaction between these substances was observed. Quantum chemical modeling of RB-VP or RB-copolymer complexes has been carried out and sufficiently strong hydrogen bonds were found in these systems. The experimental and modeling data demonstrate the high potency of such mesoporous polymer networks as precursors of molecularly imprinted polymers for the recognition of fluorescent dyes as nanomarkers for biomedical practice
Pseudomonas extremorientalis sp. nov., isolated from a drinking water resevoir
On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, a novel species belonging to the genus Pseudomonas sensu stricto was identified. The saprophytic, fluorescent bacterium, designated KMM 3447(T), was isolated from a drinking water reservoir near Vladivostok City, Russia. The novel organism was a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium that produced a cyclic depsipeptide with surface-active properties. It degraded casein, but did not degrade gelatin, starch, agar or Tween 80. The bacterium was also haemolytic. Growth of the novel bacterium occurred between 4 and 35 degrees C. The predominant cellular fatty acids of the novel pseudomonad were C(16:0), C(16:1(n-7)), C(18:1(n-7)) and C(17:0 cyclo); branched fatty acids were only found in trace amounts. The G+C content of the novel bacterium was 61.0 mol%. 16S rDNA sequence analysis indicated that the novel bacterium had a clear affiliation with Pseudomonas fluorescens and species closely related to this recognized pseudomonad. DNA--DNA hybridization experiments showed that the novel bacterium bound at low levels (27--53%) with the DNA of the type strains of its nearest phylogenetic relatives, namely Pseudomonas tolaasii, Pseudomonas veronii, Pseudomonas orientalis and Pseudomonas rhodesiae, indicating that the novel bacterium represented a novel species within the genus Pseudomonas, for which the name Pseudomonas extremorientalis is proposed; the type strain is KMM 3447(T) (=LMG 19695(T)).200
ΠΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
The article discusses the problems of forensic-technical expertise by determination of hand-written signatures (records). The main techniques of such examination are described, as well as the problems, which experts face. Here the questions of qualification of experts are raised and recommendations about the choice and appointment of an expert are made. The article provides references to scientific materials in the Russian and foreign scientific sources and also gives examples of the current legislation and jurisprudence of arbitration courts of the Russian FederationΠ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉ (Π½Π°Π΄ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉ). ΠΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Ρ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ°. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π°ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ
Crystal and Supramolecular Structure of Bacterial Cellulose Hydrolyzed by Cellobiohydrolase from Scytalidium Candidum 3C: A Basis for Development of Biodegradable Wound Dressings
The crystal and supramolecular structure of the bacterial cellulose (BC) has been studied at different stages of cellobiohydrolase hydrolysis using various physical and microscopic methods. Enzymatic hydrolysis significantly affected the crystal and supramolecular structure of native BC, in which the 3D polymer network consisted of nanoribbons with a thickness T β 8 nm and a width W β 50 nm, and with a developed specific surface SBET β 260 m2Β·gβ1. Biodegradation for 24 h led to a ten percent decrease in the mean crystal size Dhkl of BC, to two-fold increase in the sizes of nanoribbons, and in the specific surface area SBET up to β 100 m2Β·gβ1. Atomic force and scanning electron microscopy images showed BC microstructure βlooseningβafter enzymatic treatment, as well as the formation and accumulation of submicron particles in the cells of the 3D polymer network. Experiments in vitro and in vivo did not reveal cytotoxic effect by the enzyme addition to BC dressings and showed a generally positive influence on the treatment of extensive III-degree burns, significantly accelerating wound healing in rats. Thus, in our opinion, the results obtained can serve as a basis for further development of effective biodegradable dressings for wound healin