Etude épidémiologique de la coqueluche sur l'Ile de La Réunion entre 1998 et 2001, à partir de cas d'enfants hospitalisés

LIMOGES-BU Médecine pharmacie (870852108) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Interest of pharyngeal packing in head and neck surgery: a meta-analysis

Introduction: There is controversy regarding the use of pharyngeal packing in oral and nasal surgery. The primary objective of this study was to examine the association between pharyngeal packing, throat pain, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in head and neck surgery. Material and methods: A systematic review of clinical studies published from January 2000 to August 2020 concerning the use of pharyngeal packing in head and neck surgery was conducted in the Medline, ScienceDirect and Cochrane Library databases. Throat pain and PONV were collected in each article, and a meta-analysis was performed. Results: A total of 10 clinical trials involving 877 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Pharyngeal packing did not significantly decrease PONV score either during the immediate (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.59 to 1.38, p = 0.52, I2 = 0%) or the delayed postoperative period (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.54 to 1.43, p = 0.28, I2 = 21%), but significantly increased the immediate postoperative throat pain score (MD = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.21 to 1.16, p = 0.19, I2 = 35%). Conclusion: This study suggests that the use of a pharyngeal packing to improve the preoperative aftermath in head and neck surgery should not be recommended

Mandibular tori interfering with the mobility of the lingual frenulum: a short case report

Introduction: Tori are benign hamartoma-like bone excrescences, usually asymptomatic. Their removal should not be systematic. Observation: A 62-year-old patient showed bilateral tori only leaving a 1.5 mm space for the lingual frenulum path between them. The direct functional consequence was a frequent blockage of the salivary caruncles below the tori. Tori resection was performed under local anaesthesia. Surgical outcome was simple with conventional analgesic treatment and oral care. Comfort and function were immediately restored. Discussion: The originality of this case does not lie in the nature of the lesions but in the uncommon size of their hypertrophy, which caused a lingual functional impairment. We have not found a similar case described in the literature

Interest of pharyngeal packing in head and neck surgery: a meta-analysis

Introduction: There is controversy regarding the use of pharyngeal packing in oral and nasal surgery. The primary objective of this study was to examine the association between pharyngeal packing, throat pain, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in head and neck surgery. Material and methods: A systematic review of clinical studies published from January 2000 to August 2020 concerning the use of pharyngeal packing in head and neck surgery was conducted in the Medline, ScienceDirect and Cochrane Library databases. Throat pain and PONV were collected in each article, and a meta-analysis was performed. Results: A total of 10 clinical trials involving 877 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Pharyngeal packing did not significantly decrease PONV score either during the immediate (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.59 to 1.38, p = 0.52, I2 = 0%) or the delayed postoperative period (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.54 to 1.43, p = 0.28, I2 = 21%), but significantly increased the immediate postoperative throat pain score (MD = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.21 to 1.16, p = 0.19, I2 = 35%). Conclusion: This study suggests that the use of a pharyngeal packing to improve the preoperative aftermath in head and neck surgery should not be recommended

Nanoscale architecture and coordination of actin cores within the sealing zone of human osteoclasts

International audienceOsteoclasts are unique in their capacity to degrade bone tissue. To achieve this process, osteoclasts form a specific structure called the sealing zone, which creates a close contact with bone and confines the release of protons and hydrolases for bone degradation. The sealing zone is composed of actin structures called podosomes nested in a dense actin network. The organization of these actin structures inside the sealing zone at the nano scale is still unknown. Here, we combine cutting-edge microscopy methods to reveal the nanoscale architecture and dynamics of the sealing zone formed by human osteoclasts on bone surface. Random illumination microscopy allowed the identification and live imaging of densely packed actin cores within the sealing zone. A cross-correlation analysis of the fluctuations of actin content at these cores indicates that they are locally synchronized. Further examination shows that the sealing zone is composed of groups of synchronized cores linked by α-actinin1 positive filaments, and encircled by adhesion complexes. Thus, we propose that the confinement of bone degradation mediators is achieved through the coordination of islets of actin cores and not by the global coordination of all podosomal subunits forming the sealing zone

Envois & Dédicaces

Envois & Dédicaces constitue une réflexion sur le don du livre, qu’il se manifeste par un ex-dono, un envoi manuscrit ou une dédicace imprimée. Si cette dernière a été étudiée à propos de tel ou tel auteur, il nous manquait encore une réflexion d’ensemble sur celle-ci. Quant à l’envoi, jugé marginal et mondain, il n’a guère été abordé, hormis par les bibliophiles. On en trouvera ici un « bref traité » qui en souligne toute la richesse. Pas plus qu’il n’existe d’éléments insignifiants dans la vie psychique, ainsi que Freud nous l’a appris, il n’existe dans le livre de détail dépourvu de valeur. La modernité s’est intéressée longuement à la signature, beaucoup moins à l’envoi et à la dédicace, parce qu’elle estimait la littérature intransitive. Elle transite cependant et s’adresse à quelqu’un. Et ce qui semble à première vue accessoire joue un rôle non négligeable, sinon capital, dans la constitution du sens d’un livre. Telle est l’hypothèse d’Envois & Dédicaces, et son pari. Sa première partie, « Perspective cavalière » s’interroge, entre autres, sur la position en tiers du lecteur ainsi que sur la place de la dédicace, premiers mots d’un livre qui se révèlent souvent aussi ses derniers mots. La seconde, « Couleurs locales », examine la façon dont quelques auteurs se sont appropriés ce geste : un musicien, Bach, et cinq écrivains, Voltaire, Hugo, Baudelaire, Montherlant, Goffette, ce dernier nous offrant, en guise de conclusion, un poème inédit adressé « à ceux qui partent »

Rituximab treatment for severe steroid- or cyclosporine-dependent nephrotic syndrome: a multicentric series of 22 cases.

International audienceSeveral case reports suggest that rituximab (RTX) could be effective in steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome, but RTX efficacy has not yet been studied in a series of patients. Safety and efficacy of RTX were assessed in a multicenter series of 22 patients aged 6.3-22 years with severe steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome or steroid-resistant but cyclosporin-sensitive idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Patients were treated with two to four infusions of RTX. Seven patients were nephrotic at the time of RTX treatment. Peripheral B cells were depleted in all subjects. Remission was induced in three of the seven proteinuric patients. One or more immunosuppressive (IS) treatments could be withdrawn in 19 patients (85%), with no relapse of proteinuria and without increasing other IS drugs. RTX was effective in all patients when administered during a proteinuria-free period in association with other IS agents. When relapses occurred, they were always associated with an increase in CD19 cell count. Adverse effects were observed in 45% of cases, but most of them were mild and transient. This study suggests that RTX could be an effective treatment for severe steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome