Modelling the Impact of the Oil Sector on the Economy of Sultanate of Oman

This study constructs and analyses a simple macroeconomic model that specifically tailored to model the impact of oil sector on the economy of Sultanate of Oman. The constructed model of the study measures the impact of oil sector on the Oman economy for the last three decades and also provides some forecasting for the major macroeconomics indicators related to the Oman economy. Model simulations indicate that the oil sector has large and positive impact on Oman GDP and its influence spills over to all other non-oil sectors of Oman economy. The study found that largest influence of oil was on the gas sector and the least economic sector influenced by oil was agricultural sector. The findings of the study suggest that Oman economy is far from being diversified and that the proposed model helps the policy makers in Oman to identify and forecast the impact of oil on other components of the Oman economy.  Keywords: Macroeconomic modelling, oil, Oman JEL Classifications: C51; C53; E17; N15; Q4

Bilateral intra-industry trade flows and intellectual property rights protections: further evidence from the United Kingdom

This paper investigates the relationship between the United Kingdom's (hereafter referred as UK) bilateral intra-industry trade (IIT) and foreign intellectual property rights (IPRs) protections. The empirical investigation is based on pooled UK data and benefits from the theoretical distinction between horizontal and vertical IIT. It also estimates a gravity equation for international trade using both fixed and random effects models. We then extend the analysis by employing the GMM system for dynamic panel models. The principal findings suggest that the UK's IIT is stimulated when the level of a trading partner's IPRs and its imitative ability are considered jointly. However, when IPRs and imitation abilities are considered separately, their disparate effects are not an important factor in determining UK IIT flows

A national survey to estimate sodium and potassium intake, and knowledge attitudes and behaviours towards salt consumption of adults in the Sultanate of Oman

Objectives. To estimate population sodium and potassium intakes, and explore knowledge, attitudes and behaviour (KAB) towards the use of salt in adults in the Sultanate of Oman. Design. National cross-sectional population-based survey. Setting. Proportional random samples, representative of Omani adults (18 years or older), were obtained from all Governorates of the Sultanate of Oman. Participants. Five hundred and sixty-nine (193 men, 376 women; 18 years or older) were included in the analysis (response rate 57%). Mean age was 39.4 years (SD 13.1). Participants attended a screening including demographic, anthropometric and physical measurements. Primary and secondary outcome measures. We assessed dietary sodium, potassium and creatinine by 24h urinary sodium (UNa), potassium (UK) and creatinine (UCr) excretions. We collected KAB by a questionnaire on an electronic tablet. Results. Mean UNa was 144.3 (78.8) mmoL/day, equivalent to 9.0 g of salt/day and potassium excretion 52.6 (32.6) mmoL/day, equivalent to 2.36 g/day, after adjusting for non-urinary losses. Men ate significantly more sodium and potassium than women. Only 22% of the sample had a salt intake below the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended target of 5 g/day and less than 10% met WHO targets for potassium excretion (>90 mmoL/day). Whilst 89.1% of those interviewed knew that consuming too much salt could cause serious health problems and only 6.9% felt they were using too much added salt, 1 in 2 participants used always or often salt, salty seasonings or salty sauces in cooking or when preparing food at home. Conclusions. In the Sultanate of Oman, salt consumption is higher, and potassium consumption lower, than recommended by WHO, both in men and in women. The present data provides, for the first time, evidence to support a national programme of population salt reduction to prevent the increasing burden of CVD in the area

COUNTRY-SPECIFIC DETERMINANTS OF VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL INTRA-INDUSTRY TRADE OF SOUTH AFRICA: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the country-specific determinants of horizontal and vertical intra-industry trade (IIT) in South Africa using the gravity model of trade in a panel data setting. It empirically tests new and existing country-specific hypotheses of intra-industry trade. Copyright 2005 Economic Society of South Africa.

Disentangling Total Intra-Industry Trade into Horizontal and Vertical Elements

C23, F12, F14,

Bilateral intra-industry trade flows and intellectual property rights protection: first empirical evidence

This study provides the first empirical evidence on the effects of intellectual property rights (IPRs) protection on bilateral intra-industry trade (IIT) flows. The empirical investigation is based on pooled South African data and takes advantage of the theoretical distinction between horizontal and vertical IIT. A gravity equation of international trade is estimated in the context of fixed and random effects models. The principal findings suggest that IPRs and imitation abilities separately are not important factors in determining IIT flows. However, the interaction between them is important.

Revisting the Trade-Growth Nexus: Further Evidence from Egypt

This paper utilizes Feder’s production function in revisiting the relationship between exports and economic growth by testing the hypothesis of the export-led growth in relation to the Arab Republic of Egypt. It also aims to show the difference in the marginal productivities between the export and non-export sectors in Egypt and how the export sector can positively affect the non-export sectors. The model mainly adopts a supply-side description of the economy, using the neo-classical growth approach under the framework of an aggregate production function. The conclusion of the study is that marginal productivities are higher in the export sector than in the non-export sector. This will allow the Egyptian economy to grow faster without having new capital infusion or labor expansion simply by reallocating the limited resources into the export sector. The reallocation of resources to the export sector will produce positive externalities and result in higher productivity for the whole Egyptian economy.