An Atypical Case of Pelvic Leiomyomatosis Peritonealis Disseminata

An exceptional case of Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata which occurred in a perimenopausal woman was mistaken for ovarian malignancy at laparotomy as it had extensive involvement of the pelvic peritoneum without a trace of leiomyoma in uterus and cervix

Missing Broken Needle During Caesarean Section

Breakage of the needle and missing while repairing the uterine wound during cesarean section is an uncommon event. Subsequently it was removed under fluoroscopic guidance on the 7th postoperative da

Leaf epicuticular and pollen ultrastructural comparisons of Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. and S. caseolaris (L.) Engler (Sonneratiaceaea)

Sonneratia apetala and S. caseolaris are easily distinguishable by leaf epicuticular and pollen ultrastructure. S. apetala shows fine, distinct, intermingled rodlets of wax crystalloids on leaf surface with sunken stomata. In the contrary S. caseolaris shows wide, indistinct, rodlets of wax crystalloids with exposed stomata. Epicuticular structures enlighten an important adaptation toward transpiration control according to their area of occupancy in saline habitat. Pollens of the both species show the phenomenon of harmomegathy. Harmomegathic effect is pronounced in S. apetala

Probabilistic micromechanical spatial variability quantification in laminated composites

SN and SS are grateful for the support provided through the Lloyd’s Register Foundation Centre. The Foundation helps to protect life and property by supporting engineering-related education, public engagement and the application of research.Peer reviewedPostprin

Stochastic natural frequency analysis of damaged thin-walled laminated composite beams with uncertainty in micromechanical properties

This paper presents a stochastic approach to study the natural frequencies of thin-walled laminated composite beams with spatially varying matrix cracking damage in a multi-scale framework. A novel concept of stochastic representative volume element (SRVE) is introduced for this purpose. An efficient radial basis function (RBF) based uncertainty quantification algorithm is developed to quantify the probabilistic variability in free vibration responses of the structure due to spatially random stochasticity in the micro-mechanical and geometric properties. The convergence of the proposed algorithm for stochastic natural frequency analysis of damaged thin-walled composite beam is verified and validated with original finite element method (FEM) along with traditional Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). Sensitivity analysis is carried out to ascertain the relative influence of different stochastic input parameters on the natural frequencies. Subsequently the influence of noise is investigated on radial basis function based uncertainty quantification algorithm to account for the inevitable variability for practical field applications. The study reveals that stochasticity/ system irregularity in structural and material attributes affects the system performance significantly. To ensure robustness, safety and sustainability of the structure, it is very crucial to consider such forms of uncertainties during the analysis

On quantifying the effect of noise in surrogate based stochastic free vibration analysis of laminated composite shallow shells

This paper presents the effect of noise on surrogate based stochastic natural frequency analysis of composite laminates. Surrogate based uncertainty quantification has gained immense popularity in recent years due to its computational efficiency. On the other hand, noise is an inevitable factor in every real-life design process and structural response monitoring for any practical system. In this study, a novel algorithm is developed to explore the effect of noise in surrogate based uncertainty quantification approaches. Representative results have been presented for stochastic frequency analysis of spherical composite shallow shells considering Kriging based surrogate model. The finite element formulation for laminated composite shells has been developed based on Mindlin’s theory considering transverse shear deformation. The proposed approach for quantifying the effect of noise is general in nature and therefore, it can be extended to explore other surrogates under the influence of noise

Type I singularities and the Phantom Menace

We consider the future dynamics of a transient phantom dominated phase of the universe in LQC and in the RS braneworld, which both have a non-standard Friedmann equation. We find that for a certain class of potentials, the Hubble parameter oscillates with simple harmonic motion in the LQC case and therefore avoids any future singularity. For more general potentials we find that damping effects eventually lead to the Hubble parameter becoming constant. On the other hand in the braneworld case we find that although the type I singularity can be avoided, the scale factor still diverges at late times.Comment: More references added. Final PRD versio

Effective field theory of magnetogenesis: Identifying the necessary and sufficient conditions

At all Universe scales, there is a detectable amount of magnetic field. There are several probable origins for this observed magnetic field, including the possibility of its origin in the early Universe. There are several models for primordial magnetogenesis, and if the inflationary background is taken into account, breaking conformal symmetry is required to generate a sufficient amount of magnetic field. The conformal symmetry breaking is introduced either by new couplings between electromagnetic field and inflaton field or including higher derivative terms to the theory. To unify these different approaches in the literature, we propose an Effective Field Theory (EFT) approach, where EFT parameters describe the magnetogenesis scenario in the early Universe, and different choices of parameters correspond to different models. We show that the vector perturbations do not have temporal evolution; hence, only the gauge field is the relevant gauge-invariant variable for the EFT. We explicitly show that the generation of primordial magnetic fields requires two necessary conditions -- conformal invariance breaking and causal propagation. Hence, conformal invariance breaking is only a necessary condition, \emph{not} a sufficient condition. We confirm this by considering a specific model of primordial magnetogenesis.Comment: 37 pages, 2 figure

Probing the Stochastic Dynamics of Coronaviruses: Machine Learning Assisted Deep Computational Insights with Exploitable Dimensions

A machine learning assisted efficient, yet comprehensive characterization ofthe dynamics of coronaviruses, in conjunction with finite element (FE)approach, is presented. Without affecting the accuracy of prediction inlow-frequency vibration analysis, an equivalent model for the FE analysis isproposed, based on which the natural frequencies corresponding to first threenon-rigid modes are analyzed. To quantify the inherent system-uncertaintyefficiently, Monte Carlo simulation is proposed in conjunction with themachine learning based FE computational framework for obtaining completeprobabilistic descriptions considering both individual and compound effect ofstochasticity. A variance based sensitivity analysis is carried out to enumeratethe relative significance of different material parameters corresponding tovarious constituting parts of the coronavirus structure. Using the modalcharacteristics like natural frequencies and mode shapes of the virus structureincluding their stochastic bounds, it is possible to readily identifycoronaviruses by comparing the experimentally measured dynamic responsesin terms of the peaks of frequency response function. Results from this first ofits kind study on coronaviruses along with the proposed generic machinelearning based approach will accelerate the detection of viruses and createefficient pathways toward future inventions leading to cure and containmentin the field of virology