Production of green diesel from catalytic deoxygenation of chicken fat oil over a series binary metal oxide-supported MWCNTs

Deoxygenation processes that exploit milder reaction conditions under H2-free atmospheres appear environmentally and economically effective for the production of green diesel. Herein, green diesel was produced by catalytic deoxygenation of chicken fat oil (CFO) over oxides of binary metal pairs (Ni–Mg, Ni–Mn, Ni–Cu, Ni–Ce) supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The presence of Mg and Mn with Ni afforded greater deoxygenation activity, with hydrocarbon yields of >75% and n-(C15 + C17) selectivity of >81%, indicating that decarboxylation/decarbonylation (deCOx) of CFO is favoured by the existence of high amount of lower strength strong acidic sites along with noticeable strongly basic sites. Based on a series of studies of different Mg and Mn dosages (5–20 wt%), the oxygen free-rich diesel-range hydrocarbons produced efficiently by Ni10–Mg15/MWCNT and Ni10–Mn5/MWCNT catalysts yielded >84% of hydrocarbons, with n-(C15 + C17) selectivity of >85%. The heating value of the green diesel obtained complied with the ultra-low sulphur diesel standard

Production of green diesel from saturated chicken fat oil catalyzed by binary metal oxide supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Fossil fuels have been the most important energy and fuel sources over centuries. However, there has been growing distressed regarding on energy crisis caused by the oil reserve depletion and the effect of environmental issues (e.g. acid rain and global warming). Due to the high demand for energy, renewable energy has gained extensive attention worldwide in the past ten years as alternative energy to replace fossil fuels. In particular, fuels obtained from biomass (biofuels) has become a great option as a sustainable substitute for fossil fuels. Deoxygenation processes that exploit milder reaction conditions under H2-free atmospheres appear environmentally and economically effective for the production of green diesel. However, the presence of a catalyst in the deoxygenation reaction is important to excite optimum catalytic activity of the synthesized catalyst for a specific reaction system. The catalyst support plays an essential role in synthesizing catalyst, which is to improve the interaction between active metal-support, promoting active metal dispersion on the surface and providing the adequate active site. Herein, green diesel was produced by catalytic deoxygenation of chicken fat oil (CFO) over oxides of binary metal pairs (Ni–Mg, Ni–Mn, Ni–Cu, Ni–Ce) supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The yield of hydrocarbons are arranged in the order of blank 75% and n-(C15+C17) selectivity of >81%, indicating that deCOx of CFO is favored by the existence of the high amount of lower strength strong acidic sites along with noticeable strongly basic sites. Based on a series of studies of different Mg and Mn dosages (5–20 wt %), the oxygen free-rich diesel-range hydrocarbons produced efficiently by Ni10-Mg15/MWCNT and Ni10-Mn5/MWCNT catalysts yielded >84% of hydrocarbons, with n-(C15+C17) selectivity of >85%. The findings reveal that Ni10-Mg15/MWCNT shows high resistancy toward coke formation (coke 73% of yield and n-(C15+C17) selectivity of >66%