Genetic diversity and classification of 51 strains of silkworm Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) germplasm based on larval phenotypic data using Ward’s and UPGMA methods

The aim of this experiment was to study and classify all 51 pure lines of Iran silkworm germplasm based on larval traits and identification of pure lines relationships. The average linkage between two groups is considered as the average of distance between all pairs of cases with one number from each group. Hierarchical clustering analysis was carried out by considering all studied parameters together. The grouping methods allowed the study to subdivide the observations into several subgroups in such a way that homogeneity was obtained inside the subgroups and heterogeneity among the subgroups. Various methods generated similar dendograms. On the basis of these dendrograms, analyzed strains were divided into 2 distinct groups. Frequent divisions were also observed in major groups. The first group was divided into two sub groups including three and eight strains, respectively. The second major group was divided into two sub groups which include 4 and 36 strains, respectively.Key words: Silkworm, unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA), ward, cluster, gene bank, Iran

Study of possibilities of replacement of fish meal by poultry by product in formulated diet of Huso huso

To regard to dramatic decreasing of pelagic fish and depending on fish meal for sturgeon Feeding a project with title on "Study of possibility of replacement of fish meal by poultry by product in formulated diet of Huso huso" in two faz (fingerling) and (Growth out) were carried out. In first faz, proximate composition of fish meal, poultry by product and diet ingredient were determined , thereafter Six test diets (contain 45% protein and 19 Mj kg^-1 energy) were prepared based on anchovy fish meal and poultry by-product substituted at levels of 20% (PBM_20), 40% (PBM_40), 60% (PBM_60), 80% (PBM_80) and 100% (PBM_100), respectively. Huso huso Fingerlings (28.42±0.17gr ± SD) were stocked in 18 fiberglass tanks and fed to satiation to eight week. Result indicated the highest final weight (FW), Weight gain (WG), Specific growth rate (SGR) and Protein efficiency ratio (PER) were belonged to control diet (350.52 ±21.86_gr),(1133.00 ±74.84%),(3.74±0.092 %per day) and (1.58 ±0.017) respectively. But No significant difference was detected between FM, PBM_20, PBM_40 and PBM_60 (P>0.05), Also, there were not significant difference in treatments for Feed efficiency Ratio between (PBM_0), (PBM_20), (PBM_40), (PBM_60) (PBM_80) respectively (P0.05).The best feed efficiency ratio belonged to fish fed PBM_40 that no significant differences with (PBM_20), (PBM_60) and (PBM_80) (P>0.05).a significant decrease of body lipid observed by increasing of supplementation of poultry by product in diets that lowest body lipid (6.6±0.16) were stabilized in (PBM_80) (P0.05). also hepatosomatc index were significantly increase by increasing of poultry by product in diets respectively that highest were observed in fish fed PBM100 (4.2±0.63) (P<0.05).Result of this investigation indicated that poultry by product had high potential for replacing of fish meal in fingerling and growth out Huso huso diet. Therefore suggested a investigation design for research about the effect of poultry by product on growth rate, body composition and immune system of Huso huso at long period for introduce a new replacer product Instead Of fish meal in sturgeon aquaculture industry