Pharma Image Information Extraction Using Image Processing

In order to obtain better recovery and avoid any side effects it is critical that the patient should take correct medicine for the illness they are suffering with. It is important that the medicine that is taken should produce the maximum benefit for the person. This is the very important aspect of medication but we are finding many cases wherein the erroneous information about the drug might create bad affects on the people and tend to extend many problems instead of reducing the ailment. The main reason for this, is lack of information about the drug to the patient and some being illiterate or mind belief on the drugs. So as to overcome this issue Pharma Image Information Extraction using Image Processing is a medication application which helps you to view the medicine based on the symptoms to which the medicine is to be used at anytime, anywhere through your phone. It helps you to get the information of the medicine by just sitting at your house and taking the picture of the medicine. This paper mainly focuses on extracting the text on the tablet strip and offer correct information about the tablet and vice versa which helps the illiterates not to get cheated with the dubious medicines mapping to the symptoms he/she is suffering with

Simulation of Rank Correlation Based Detection Mechanism for Distributed Denial of Services Attacks

Since the dawn of the Internet, DDoS exhibits a serious threat to the Internet, in which large number of controlled hosts floods the scapegoat or victim site with enormous packets. Furthermore, in Distributed Reflection DoS (DRDoS), invaders bluff or cheat innocent servers into flushing packets to the victim. However, most of current DRDoS detection mechanisms are associated with specific protocols and cannot be used for mysterious or unrecognized protocols. It is learnt that the stimulation by the same attacking flow, the responsive flows from reflectors may have inherent relations: the packet rate of one converged responsive flow may have linear relationships with another. Based on this investigation, the Rank Correlation based Detection (RCD) algorithm is proposed. The primary simulations denote that RCD can differentiate reflection flows from authorized and authenticated ones effectively and efficiently thus, can be utilized as a useable indicator for DRDoS. The paper presents a study of latest botnet attacks and proposes an appropriate guard method for DDoS attacks

Stability Constants of Ternary Complexes of Rare Earth Metal Ions with Phthalic Acid & O-, O-, O-, N & N,N Donor Ligands & Thermodynamic Parameters of Their Formation

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Characteristics of tropical easterly jet over Gadanki: Comparison with radiosonde and rawinsonde

130-139Wind velocities obtained from the Indian mesosphere, stratosphere and troposphere (MST) radar (for about three years) are used to study the characteristics of tropical easterly jet (TEJ) over a tropical station, Gadanki (13.47° N, 79.18°E). The TEJ is active over the site during the south-west monsoon (June, July and August). The average zonal winds observed over the observing sites are westerlies up to 8 km and become easterlies above 8 km with maximum winds (~ 40 m/s) occurring at around 16 km height. The characteristics of TEJ, i.e., maximum zonal wind, height of maximum zonal wind, height of maximum shear and refractivity structure constant, are determined. The characteristics of TEJ over the observing site are compared with those estimated from the nearest radiosonde and rawinsonde observations. Special emphasis has been given to the simultaneous MST radar and radiosonde observations, which are carried out to understand the effect of temperature, humidity gradient and wind shear in the formation of the turbulent layers near TEJ zones. These regions of intense turbulence are identified during the observation period with N2 and Rj values close to or less than 0.25 (N being the Brunt Vaisala frequency and Rj, the Richardson's number, respectively)

Patchy layered structure of tropical troposphere as seen by Indian MST radar

182-191The MST radar observations at Gadanki (13.47° N, 79.18° E) show, almost every day throughout the year, stratified layers of intense reflectivity near the tropopause level (~17 km) and also at a couple of levels between 4 km and 10 km. Highest individual reflectivity values occur near 17 km, but they occur for a short while. The region between 11 km and 15 km shows the lowest values of reflectivity alongwith vertical downward motion almost on all days of the year. High values of reflectivity are attributed to the existence of visible or sub-visible clouds; the layered structure of clouds is attributed to inertio-gravity waves with vertical wavelength of 2-3 km. It is suggested that each high reflectivity layer consists mainly of thin sheets and patches of visible and sub-visible cloud material. Hydrometeors inside the cloud material go up and down due to gravity, precipitation-loading, Brunt-Vaisala oscillations, and Kelvin-Helmholtz waves. In these small-scale motions, thin air sheets and patches get formed with sharp temperature and humidity discontinuities through contact cooling, melting, evaporation, condensation and free zing. Also, melting and freezing at low temperatures generate electrical charges in these thin sheets and patches. These thin sheets and patches have vertical dimensions ranging from a few centimetres to several metres and horizontal dimensions of the order of 1 km. These thin sheets and patches have corresponding vertical and horizontal discontinuities and sharp gradients in refractive index for the MST radar beam. These show up as regions of high values of reflectivity

Long-term MST radar observations of vertical wave number spectra of gravity waves in the tropical troposphere over Gadanki (13.5° N, 79.2° E): comparison with model spectra

The potential utility of Mesosphere-Stratosphere-Troposphere (MST) radar measurements of zonal, meridional and vertical winds for divulging the gravity wave vertical wave number spectra is discussed. The data collected during the years 1995–2004 are used to obtain the mean vertical wave number spectra of gravity wave kinetic energy in the tropical troposphere over Gadanki (13.5° N, 79.2° E). First, the climatology of 3-dimensional wind components is developed using ten years of radar observations, for the first time, over this latitude. This climatology brought out the salient features of background tropospheric winds over Gadanki. Further, using the second order polynomial fit as background, the day-to-day wind anomalies are estimated. These wind anomalies in the 4–14 km height regions are used to estimate the profiles of zonal, meridional and vertical kinetic energy per unit mass, which are then used to estimate the height profile of total kinetic energy. Finally, the height profiles of total kinetic energy are subjected to Fourier analysis to obtain the monthly mean vertical wave number spectra of gravity wave kinetic energy. The monthly mean vertical wave number spectra are then compared with a saturation spectrum predicted by gravity wave saturation theory. A slope of 5/3 is used for the model gravity wave spectrum estimation. In general, the agreement is good during all the months. However, it is noticed that the model spectrum overestimates the PSD at lower vertical wave numbers and underestimates it at higher vertical wave numbers, which is consistently observed during all the months. The observed discrepancies are attributed to the differences in the slopes of theoretical and observed gravity wave spectra. The slopes of the observed vertical wave number spectra are estimated and compared with the model spectrum slope, which are in good agreement. The estimated slopes of the observed monthly vertical wave number spectra are in the range of −2 to −2.8. The significance of the present study lies in using the ten years of data to estimate the monthly mean vertical wave number spectra of gravity waves, which will find their application in representing the realistic gravity wave characteristics in atmospheric models

Patchy layered structure of tropical troposphere as seen by Indian MST radar

The MST radar observations at Gadanki (13.47 deg N, 79.18 deg E) show, almost every day throughout the year, stratified layers of intense reflectivity near the tropopause level (approximately 17 km) and also at a couple of levels between 4 km and 10 km. Highest individual reflectivity values occur near 17 km, but they occur for a short while. The region between 11 km and 15 km shows the lowest values of reflectivity along with vertical downward motion almost on all days of the year. High values of reflectivity are attributed to the existence of visible or sub-visible clouds; the layered structure of clouds is attributed to inertio-gravity waves with vertical wavelength of 2-3 km. It is suggested that each high reflectivity layer consists mainly of thin sheets and patches of visible and sub-visible cloud material. Hydrometeors inside the cloud material go up and down due to gravity, precipitation loading, Brunt-Vaisala oscillations, and Kelvin-Helmholtz waves. In these small-scale motions, thin air sheets and patches get formed with sharp temperature and humidity discontinuities through contact cooling, melting, evaporation, condensation, and freezing. Also, melting and freezing at low temperatures generate electrical charges in these thin sheets and patches. These thin sheets and patches have vertical dimensions ranging from a few centimeters to several meters and horizontal dimensions of the order of 1 km. These thin sheets and patches have corresponding vertical and horizontal discontinuities and sharp gradients in refractive index for the MST radar beam. These show up as regions of high values of reflectivity