16 research outputs found
Apparent effect of dust extinction on the observed outflow velocity of ionized gas in galaxy mergers
In this study, we examine photoionization outflows during the late stages of
galaxy mergers, with a specific focus on the relation between observed velocity
of outflowing gas and the apparent effects of dust extinction. We used the
N-body/smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) code ASURA for galaxy merger
simulations. These simulations concentrated on identical galaxy mergers
featuring supermassive black holes (SMBHs) of 10 M and gas
fractions of 30\% and 10 \%. From the simulation data, we derived velocity and
velocity dispersion diagrams for the AGN-driven ionized outflowing gas. Our
findings show that high-velocity outflows with velocity dispersions of 500 km
s or greater can be observed in the late stages of galactic mergers.
Particularly, in buried AGNs, both the luminosity-weighted outflow velocity and
velocity dispersion increase owing to the apparent effects of dust extinction.
Owing to these effects, the velocity--velocity dispersion diagrams display a
noticeable blue-shifted tilt in models with higher gas fractions. Crucially,
this tilt is not influenced by the AGN luminosity but emerges from the
observational impacts of dust extinction. Our results imply that the observed
high-velocity \OIII outflow exceeding 1000 km s in buried AGNs may be
linked to the dust extinction that occurs during the late stages of gas-rich
galaxy mergers.Comment: 14 pages, accepted for publication in Ap
Origin and evolution of dust-obscured galaxies in galaxy mergers
Dust Obscured Galaxies (DOGs), which are observationally characterized as
faint in the optical and bright in the infrared, are the final stage of galaxy
mergers and are essential objects in the evolution of galaxies and active
galactic nuclei (AGNs). However, the relationship between torus-scale gas
dynamics around AGNs and DOGs lifetime remain unclear. We obtained evolution of
the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of a galaxy merger system with AGN
feedback, from post-processed pseudo-observations based on an N-body/Smoothed
Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) simulation. We focused on a late stage merger of
two identical galaxies with a supermassive black hole (SMBH) of 10
M. We found that the infrared luminosity of the system reaches ultra-
and hyper-luminous infrared galaxy classes (10 and 10 L,
respectively). The DOGs phase corresponds to a state in which the AGNs are
buried in dense gas and dust, with the infrared luminosity exceeding 3.3
10 L. We also identified the sub-categories of DOGs,
namely bump and power-law DOGs from the SEDs and their evolution. The bump DOGs
tend to evolve to power-law DOGs on several Myrs. We found that contribution
from the hot dust around the nucleus in the infrared radiation is essential for
identifying the system as a power-law DOG; the gas and dust distribute
non-spherically around the nucleus, therefore, the observed properties of DOGs
depend on the viewing angle. In our model, the lifetime of merger-driven DOGs
is less than 4 Myrs, suggesting that the observed DOGs phase is a brief aspect
of galaxy mergers.Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Ap
Japanese familial case of myoclonus-dystonia syndrome with a splicing mutation in SGCE.
Myoclonus-dystonia syndrome (MDS) is a rare autosomal-dominant movement disorder characterized by brief, frequently alcohol-responsive myoclonic jerks that begin in childhood or early adolescence, caused by mutations in the ε-sarcoglycan gene (SGCE). The patient was a 6-year-old boy. At 2 years 8 months, he had abnormal movement when he ran due to dystonia of his left leg. At 3 years 5 months, he exhibited dystonia and myoclonic movement of his arms when eating. Myoclonus was likely to develop when he felt anxiety or exhaustion. Genomic DNA showed a heterozygous mutation in SGCE (c.109 + 1 G > T). His father and uncle with the same mutation also experienced milder dystonia or myoclonic movements. SGCE mutation can cause a broad range of clinical symptoms between and within families. We should consider MDS as a differential diagnosis for patients with paroxysmal walking abnormalities and/or myoclonic movements
Temporal Muscle and Stroke—A Narrative Review on Current Meaning and Clinical Applications of Temporal Muscle Thickness, Area, and Volume
Background: Evaluating muscle mass and function among stroke patients is important. However, evaluating muscle volume and function is not easy due to the disturbances of consciousness and paresis. Temporal muscle thickness (TMT) has been introduced as a novel surrogate marker for muscle mass, function, and nutritional status. We herein performed a narrative literature review on temporal muscle and stroke to understand the current meaning of TMT in clinical stroke practice. Methods: The search was performed in PubMed, last updated in October 2021. Reports on temporal muscle morphomics and stroke-related diseases or clinical entities were collected. Results: Four studies reported on TMT and subarachnoid hemorrhage, two studies on intracerebral hemorrhage, two studies on ischemic stroke, two studies on standard TMT values, and two studies on nutritional status. TMT was reported as a prognostic factor for several diseases, a surrogate marker for skeletal muscle mass, and an indicator of nutritional status. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography were used to measure TMT. Conclusions: TMT is gradually being used as a prognostic factor for stroke or a surrogate marker for skeletal muscle mass and nutritional status. The establishment of standard methods to measure TMT and large prospective studies to further investigate the relationship between TMT and diseases are needed
sj-pdf-2-cep-10.1177_03331024231226177 - Supplemental material for Treatment patterns and characteristics of headache in patients in Japan: A retrospective cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of health insurance claims data
Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-cep-10.1177_03331024231226177 for Treatment patterns and characteristics of headache in patients in Japan: A retrospective cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of health insurance claims data by Masahito Katsuki, Yasuhiko Matsumori, Taisuke Ichihara, Yuya Yamada, Shin Kawamura, Kenta Kashiwagi, Akihito Koh, Tetsuya Goto, Kazuma Kaneko, Naomichi Wada and Fuminori Yamagishi in Cephalalgia</p
sj-xlsx-1-cep-10.1177_03331024231226177 - Supplemental material for Treatment patterns and characteristics of headache in patients in Japan: A retrospective cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of health insurance claims data
Supplemental material, sj-xlsx-1-cep-10.1177_03331024231226177 for Treatment patterns and characteristics of headache in patients in Japan: A retrospective cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of health insurance claims data by Masahito Katsuki, Yasuhiko Matsumori, Taisuke Ichihara, Yuya Yamada, Shin Kawamura, Kenta Kashiwagi, Akihito Koh, Tetsuya Goto, Kazuma Kaneko, Naomichi Wada and Fuminori Yamagishi in Cephalalgia</p
Multi-particle momentum correlations extracted using covariance methods on multiple-ionization of diiodomethane molecules by soft-X-ray free-electron laser pulses
Momenta of ions from diiodomethane molecules after multiple ionization by soft-X-ray free-electron-laser pulses are measured. Correlations between the ion momenta are extracted by covariance methods formulated for the use in multiparticle momentum-resolved ion time-of-flight spectroscopy. Femtosecond dynamics of the dissociating multiply charged diiodomethane cations is discussed and interpreted by using simulations based on a classical Coulomb explosion model including charge evolution