Clinical characteristics of Addison’s patients with adequate or suggestive biochemistry compared to those with insufficient biochemical verification.

<p><i>N</i>: number.</p><p>1: first or second degree foreign relative from the United States of America or Europe.</p

Co-morbidity reported at enrolment.

<p><i>n</i>: Number of patients found to have a co-morbid illness.</p><p><i>N</i>: Total number of Addison’s subjects.</p><p>Σ: Excludes medical conditions occurring in less than 1% of the patients, for example, steatosis, prosthetic cardiac valve replacement, pulmonary emboli and chronic obstructive airways disease.</p

Addison’s disease: clinical presentation.

<p><i>N</i> number:</p><p>The proportion of 148 Addison’s disease patients who manifested with any of these symptoms at presentation.</p

Demographic data of 148 patients.

<p><i>N</i>: number.</p><p>IQR: interquartile range.</p><p>1: First or second degree foreign relative from the United States of America or Europe.</p

Biochemistry at initial diagnosis of Addison’s disease.¹

1:<p>different assay methods were used for each of the different analytes, but are included together for comparison.</p><p><i>n</i>: Number of patients identified with available biochemical parameter.</p><p><i>N</i>: Total number of Addison’s patients.</p><p>Plasma ACTH plasma adrenocorticotrophic hormone.</p><p>Serum Na: Serum sodium.</p><p>Serum K: Serum potassium.</p><p>Serum TSH: Serum thyroid stimulating hormone.</p><p>Serum free T4: Serum free thyroxine.</p>**<p>Laboratory investigations are not mutually exclusive.</p><p>NHLS: National Health Laboratory Services.</p><p>Reference ranges as offered by the National Health Laboratory Services of 2011.</p><p>Reference ranges likely differed as different assays were used in the diagnosis.</p

Flow diagram illustrating the pattern of referrals from each of the clinical service tiers for the years 2005–2010.

<p>As far as is known only 3 patients declined to participate, citing personal reasons. <i>N</i>: numbers of patients enrolled. Seven patients were excluded as 2 had a normal ACTH stimulation test, 2 had secondary hypoadrenalism, 1 had a bilateral adrenalectomy for Cushing’s disease, and 2 had suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis, related to previous steroid use for another indication.</p

Multivariate logistic regression model of associations with low bone density (Z-score < -2 SD) at the hip.

<p>Multivariate logistic regression model of associations with low bone density (Z-score < -2 SD) at the hip.</p

Bone mineral density parameters by sex and ART exposure.

<p>Bone mineral density parameters by sex and ART exposure.</p

Participant characteristics (n = 444).

<p>Participant characteristics (n = 444).</p

Multivariate linear regression model of associations with lumbar spine BMD (g/cm²), n = 423^*.

<p>Multivariate linear regression model of associations with lumbar spine BMD (g/cm²), n = 423^{<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0144286#t005fn002" target="_blank">*</a>}.</p