The choice of exchange regimes by transition countries

Within the assurance process of accession to the EU of the transition countries, the option for choosing the type of monetary and exchange policy regime had also a fundamental role, respectively in choosing an optimal combination between the two types of policies. This choice has been made, mainly, depending on the specific of the transition economies, so that to be chosen those monetary policy regimes, respectively the exchange rate regimes (exchange policy), adequate to the economy situation of each country, but there also have been taken into account other variables with direct implications upon the choosing option of the exchange rate regime, and, implicitly, to the monetary policy in order to control the internal prices and the exchange rate. After the comparative analysis made upon the countries which accessed to the EU in 2004 and taking into account the ideas from the specialty literature, we distinguished three groups of factors which affect the choice of the exchange rate regime of a country: economic base, variable referring to the macroeconomic control and variables referring to the risk of monetary crises.transition countries, manetary policy, risk of monetary crises, exchange rate regimes

Considerations regarding the tax regime of the sponsorship and patronage operations

Following the conditions in which, the taxpayers accomplish more frequently sponsorship and patronage actions, in this paper, we propose to expose the tax treatment of these operations from the perspective of some trading companies, taxably person registered in purposes of VAT in Romania and payer of tax on profit.sponsorship, tax patronage, fiscal policy, value added tax

The Romanian agriculture financing in the context of EU integration

There was drawn up a presentation of the Romanian agriculture and financing sources used in the transition period underlying the budgetary and external financing. The paper emphasizes the low level of absorption of external funds starting from the allotted amounts of money and compares them to the sums actually used. Then, there came into the picture the Union support that Romania will take advantage of as a result of the integration and the mechanisms used in this respect: direct payments and market measures and allotted amounts of money.budgetary financing, external financing, SAPARD, PHARE, ISPA, FEADR, FEGA

RISK AND PROFITABILITY IN BANKING SECTOR OF NEW MEMBERS STATES AND CANDIDATE COUNTRIES

With the recent accession of the new member states to the European Union, there is clearly a need for detailed analysis of their banking system risk and profitability. Rapid credit growth has been a recent feature of financial development in all countries under review and thus constitutes the main financial stability challenge. In general, monetary authorities have responded to these challenges by tightening monetary conditions and prudential standards, with concrete measures also reflecting the different monetary and exchange rate regimes in the region.risk, profitability, candidate countries, new member’s states,

Princeps: Filosofía política medieval: una bibliografía (II) El espejo roto (siglos X-XII)

Princeps. Filosofía política medieval: una bibliografía constituye un acercamiento al estudio de la filosofía política medieval, con especial atención al género de los llamados specula principum y a su tradición occidental. El repertorio bibliográfico se compone de las siguientes secciones: El rey en el espejo (siglos VIII-IX), El espejo roto (siglos X-XII) y El rey como espejo (siglos XIII-XV)

The consolidation of own funds of credit institutions in the current stage of economic-financial crisis

The current crisis has determined the modification of the public policies towards the financial institutions. These policies were oriented to providing liquidities up to the burst of the financial crisis but afterwards the public interventions were focused more and more on the financial support and providing the own funds for the banks.public policies, financial support, banks own funds

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORM IN ROMANIA

When considering the change of the Romanian society, one cannot ignore the public administration system, the need for introducing a modern dimension in this system and for sharing the values of the European administrative space. This article is aimed at approaching these ideas in the context of the impact of the reform process on the public administration in the recent years. The major challenge for local authorities is to create the mechanisms for supporting Romania’s accession to the European Union, in order to deal with the cultural and economic changes, but also to be able to manage European structural and cohesion funds and to implement public policies.public administration, reform, decentralization

Princeps. Filosofía política medieval: una bibliografía (III). El espejo en el rey (siglo XIII)

Princeps. Filosofía política medieval: una bibliografía constituye un acercamiento al estudio de la filosofía política medieval, con especial atención al género de los llamados specula principum y a su tradición occidental. El repertorio bibliográfico se compone de las siguientes secciones: El rey en el espejo (siglos VIII-IX), El espejo roto (siglos X-XII) y El espejo en el rey (siglo XIII)

TOURISM, PART OF EUROPEAN POLICY

Developing tourism has a direct impact on economic, social and environmental conditions; consequently, it can and must be an important means of enhancing European citizens' quality of life and must be used as such. However, in order to ensure that this potential is effectively harnessed in the longer term, tourism must meet sustainability requirements which all the players involved – public and private bodies, businesses and users – must in turn observe.employment, businesses, social cohesion, stability, the environment.

The romanian tourism industry in the enlarged community

Tourism is an economic field for Romania, with a valuable development potential, unexploited yet enough and which can become a source of attraction both for foreign tourists, but this is made difficult by the strong competition from neighbor countries and the extent of issues connected to competitiveness. Despite this current difficult problem, the Romanian tourism has had an ascending trend in the last few years. For increasing the role of tourism in industry, achieving the goal of European integration for the touristic field and complying with the requirements of sustainable development, the government has to keep playing an important part and initiate active policies that would lead to the increase of the tourists’ number, tourism incomes and the average duration of the stay. The Romanian government perceives the important role the tourism and travels field can play within the future development of the country, but during the considerable economic efforts made for the European Union integration in 2007, the touristic field has been sort of left in the shadow.promotion, development strategies, touristic offer, destination