Étude des caractéristiques familiales et personnelles des jeunes hébergés en foyer de groupe au Centre jeunesse de l'Estrie

Cette étude de clientèle avait comme premier objectif de décrire les caractéristiques personnelles et familiales pour l'ensemble des jeunes qui séjournent en foyer de groupe au Centre jeunesse de l'Estrie. Le deuxième objectif de cette étude était de d'identifier les caractéristiques personnelles et familiales des jeunes des foyers de groupe inscrits au programme des familles d'accueil associées. Les jeunes qui ont participé à cette étude ont été recrutés dans les trois foyers de groupe du Centre jeunesse de l'Estrie. La proportion des jeunes qui ont accepté de participer est de 88%. Au total, 22 jeunes soit 15 adolescents et 7 adolescentes âgés entre 12 et 17 ans ont été rencontrés dans le cadre d'une entrevue structurée pour répondre à nos questionnaires. Différents types de questionnaires ont été utilisés pour évaluer les caractéristiques sociofamiliales et personnelles de ces jeunes. Ces questionnaires portaient sur la composition de la famille, les relations parents-enfant (qualité de la relation, fréquence des contacts, soins et surprotection reçus), la violence conjugale, la présence de problèmes avec la justice, de consommation d'alcool ou de drogue chez les membres de la famille, les problèmes de comportement des jeunes, leur consommation d'alcool et de psychotropes, leur cheminement scolaire, leur histoire de placement, la composition de leur réseau social de soutien, la présence d'idéations suicidaires, d'abus sexuels et la violence qu'ils ont subie par les pairs et les adultes. Les principaux résultats obtenus nous apprennent que ces jeunes ont en moyenne 14,8 ans. La proportion de garçons placés en foyer de groupe est plus élevée (68,2%) que la proportion de filles (31,8%). La moitié des jeunes (50%) perçoivent présenter des troubles de comportements extériorisés (agirs délinquants, comportements agressifs). La proportion des jeunes qui présentent des troubles intériorisés (retrait social, complaintes somatiques, anxiété et dépression) est presque aussi élevée (45,5%). Cette constatation nous amène à nous préoccuper de l'importance accordée à ce type de troubles dans le suivi clinique des jeunes puisque ces troubles passent souvent inaperçus lorsqu'ils sont accompagnés d'agirs délinquants ou agressifs chez le jeune ou chez les autres jeunes du foyer de groupe. De plus, 31,8% des jeunes perçoivent présenter des troubles de comportements intériorisés et extériorisés. Du côté de la consommation de psychotropes, 95,2% des jeunes avouent en avoir déjà fait usage au cours de leur vie. De ce nombre, 65% des jeunes avouent en consommer sur une base occasionnelle et seulement 33,3% avouent en consommer sur une base régulière. Par ailleurs, ces jeunes ont un faible réseau social de soutien; ils ont en moyenne 6,3 personnes autour d'eux réparties dans 2,8 catégories. Les caractéristiques du passé des jeunes placés en foyer de groupe révèlent qu'ils ont vécu des événements lourds de conséquence. Tout d'abord, l'âge moyen des jeunes au premier placement est de 9,5 ans. Ils ont cumulé en moyenne 53,6 mois en milieux substituts et ils ont connu 6,1 milieux différents. La proportion des jeunes ayant des idéations suicidaires s'élève à 40,9%. Parmi les adolescentes interrogées, 71,4% ont vécu au moins un épisode d'abus sexuel. Une proportion de 40,9% des jeunes rapportent avoir subi de la violence d'une intensité importante (score de 10 points sur une possibilité de 20) de la part des adultes qui se sont occupés d'eux. Aussi, ces jeunes ont un passé scolaire empreint d'échec: 86,4% des jeunes ont doublé au moins une armée scolaire. De plus, ces jeunes fréquentent un centre de jour depuis 35,8 mois en moyenne. Enfin, 71,4 % des jeunes ont le projet de compléter au moins leurs études secondaires. L'étude des caractéristiques familiales nous apprend que la plupart des jeunes (81,8%) ont maintenu un contact fréquent avec au moins un parent. La moitié des jeunes désignent leur mère dans leur réseau social de soutien. En fait, les jeunes ont une meilleure relation avec leur mère qu'avec leur père. La relation avec leur père est soit détériorée ou absente pour la majorité des jeunes. Cependant, la qualité de la relation avec la mère est passable. En fait, la moitié des répondants (52,6%) ont reçu dans leur enfance des soins insatisfaisants de la part d'au moins un parent et ils ont aussi subi de la surprotection (80%) c'est-à-dire du contrôle, de l'intrusion ou du maintien de comportements dépendants de la part de leur parent. Enfin, la majorité des jeunes (68,2%) proviennent d'une famille non traditionnelle (soit monoparentale ou recomposée). Une proportion de 52,4% des jeunes ont été témoins assez fréquemment de violence conjugale. De plus, les familles de ces jeunes comptent au moins un membre de la famille aux prises avec des problèmes de justice (68,2%) et des problèmes de consommation de drogues (45,5%). Le deuxième objectif de cette étude visait à identifier les caractéristiques plus spécifiques d'un sous-groupe de jeunes qui participent déjà au nouveau projet de familles d'accueil associées. Quatre jeunes (groupe 2) avaient été ciblés à cause de leur difficulté d'insertion dans un milieu plus normalisant. Ces jeunes ont cumulé plusieurs échecs de placement vers des familles d'accueil. Les caractéristiques qui les distinguent des autres jeunes qui ne participent pas au programme (groupe 1) sont essentiellement liées à leur histoire de placement. Tout d'abord, ils étaient beaucoup plus jeunes au moment du premier placement (groupe 1= 10,8 ans, groupe 2= 3,8 ans). Ils ont connu 9 milieux substituts différents alors que les autres n'en ont connu que 5,4. Ils ont séjourné 105 mois en milieux substituts comparativement aux autres jeunes qui ont cumulé en moyenne 42,2 mois en milieux substituts. Aussi, la proportion du temps passé en milieux substituts au cours de leur vie est plus élevée (61,4%) chez les jeunes inscrits au programme que chez les autres jeunes des foyers de groupe qui ne sont pas inscrits dans ce programme (23,6%)

Does Removal of Duck Nest Predators Affect the Temporal Patterns of Predation for Simulated Nests of Grassland Songbirds?

We tested whether the temporal patterns of songbird nest predation changed following removal of predators of duck nests in North Dakota, USA, 1995-1996. Overall, 2286 simulated nests were deployed of which 951 were equipped with depredation timing devices that recorded the time of day of nest destruction. Predators destroyed 242 timer nests, and 155 depredation events were recorded. Temporal distribution of predation events was uniform over a 24-h period. However, predator groups, identified by using marks left on modeling clay eggs, depredated nests at different times. Mean times of depredation were 07h41, 12h57, 17h50, and 22h47 for small mammals, ground squirrels, birds, and medium-sized mammals, respectively. Daily depredation events occurred earlier on removal versus non-removal sites. However, within each predator group, there was no difference in depredation times between removal and non-removal sites. We suggest that the difference in time of depredation is caused by the differential importance of each predator group on removal versus removal sites, and thus conclude that removing duck nest predators does not affect temporal foraging patterns of smaller predators

The Efficacy of a Health Promotion Intervention for Indigenous Women: Reclaiming Our Spirits

Indigenous women globally are subjected to high rates of multiple forms of violence, including intimate partner violence (IPV), yet there is often a mismatch between available services and Indigenous women’s needs and there are few evidence-based interventions specifically designed for this group. Building on an IPV-specific intervention (Intervention for Health Enhancement After Leaving [iHEAL]), “Reclaiming Our Spirits” (ROS) is a health promotion intervention developed to address this gap. Offered over 6 to 8 months in a partnership between nurses and Indigenous Elders, nurses worked individually with women focusing on six areas for health promotion and integrated health-related workshops within weekly Circles led by an Indigenous Elder. The efficacy of ROS in improving women’s quality of life and health was examined in a community sample of 152 Indigenous women living in highly marginalizing conditions in two Canadian cities. Participants completed standard self-report measures of primary (quality of life, trauma symptoms) and secondary outcomes (depressive symptoms, social support, mastery, personal agency, interpersonal agency, chronic pain disability) at three points: preintervention (T1), postintervention (T2), and 6 months later (T3). In an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) were used to examine hypothesized changes in outcomes over time. As hypothesized, women’s quality of life and trauma symptoms improved significantly pre- to postintervention and these changes were maintained 6 months later. Similar patterns of improvement were noted for five of six secondary outcomes, although improvements in interpersonal agency were not maintained at T3. Chronic pain disability did not change over time. Within a context of extreme poverty, structural violence, and high levels of trauma and substance use, some women enrolled but were unable to participate. Despite the challenging circumstances in the women’s lives, these findings suggest that this intervention has promise and can be effectively tailored to the specific needs of Indigenous women

Roswell, GA

Prepared by the Spring 2010 Preservation planning class. The Roswell Historic District Design Guidelines give an overview of the historic boundaries and their modern expansion. The guidelines illustrate appropriate structure styles for the district, both residential and commercial. Districts outlined in this design guidelines are the Mill Village and Town Square, Mimosa Boulevard Neighborhood, Uptown- Alpharetta Street Neighborhood, Uptown- Canton Street Neighborhood, and South Atlanta Street Neighborhood.https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_heritagepreservation/1037/thumbnail.jp

MLK Historic District: 493 Auburn Ave. NE

Prepared by the Fall 2010 Conservation of Historic Building Materials class. This Historic Structure Report contains the history of the three double-shotgun houses located at 493 Auburn Avenue built by Alexander Daniel Hamilton and his father, Alexander Hamilton, African-American father-and-son builders. The existing conditions of the interior, exterior, infrastructure, and grounds of the buildings are detailed, as well as a master plan of recommendations for the site. The purpose of this report is to provide a current assessment of the condition of the property, recommendations for needed repairs and options for future consideration.https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_heritagepreservation/1052/thumbnail.jp

Regulatory domain or CpG site variation in SLC12A5, encoding the chloride transporter KCC2, in human autism and schizophrenia

Many encoded gene products responsible for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) like autism spectrum disorders (ASD), schizophrenia (SCZ), intellectual disability (ID), and idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) converge on networks controlling synaptic function. An increase in KCC2 (SLC12A5) Cl− transporter activity drives the developmental GABA excitatory-inhibitory sequence, but the role of KCC2 in human NDs is essentially unknown. Here, we report two rare, non-synonymous (NS), functionally-impairing variants in the KCC2 C-terminal regulatory domain (CTRD) in human ASD (R952H and R1049C) and SCZ (R952H) previously linked with IGE and familial febrile seizures, and another novel NS KCC2 variant in ASD (R1048W) with highly-predicted pathogenicity. Exome data from 2517 simplex families in the ASD Simon Simplex Collection (SSC) revealed significantly more KCC2 CTRD variants in ASD cases than controls, and interestingly, these were more often synonymous and predicted to disrupt or introduce a CpG site. Furthermore, full gene analysis showed ASD cases are more likely to contain rare KCC2 variants affecting CpG sites than controls. These data suggest genetically-encoded dysregulation of KCC2-dependent GABA signaling may contribute to multiple human NDs

Rare Copy Number Variants in \u3cem\u3eNRXN1\u3c/em\u3e and \u3cem\u3eCNTN6\u3c/em\u3e Increase Risk for Tourette Syndrome

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a model neuropsychiatric disorder thought to arise from abnormal development and/or maintenance of cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits. TS is highly heritable, but its underlying genetic causes are still elusive, and no genome-wide significant loci have been discovered to date. We analyzed a European ancestry sample of 2,434 TS cases and 4,093 ancestry-matched controls for rare (\u3c 1% frequency) copy-number variants (CNVs) using SNP microarray data. We observed an enrichment of global CNV burden that was prominent for large (\u3e 1 Mb), singleton events (OR = 2.28, 95% CI [1.39–3.79], p = 1.2 × 10−3) and known, pathogenic CNVs (OR = 3.03 [1.85–5.07], p = 1.5 × 10−5). We also identified two individual, genome-wide significant loci, each conferring a substantial increase in TS risk (NRXN1 deletions, OR = 20.3, 95% CI [2.6–156.2]; CNTN6 duplications, OR = 10.1, 95% CI [2.3–45.4]). Approximately 1% of TS cases carry one of these CNVs, indicating that rare structural variation contributes significantly to the genetic architecture of TS

Development of a Hospital-based Massage Therapy Course at an Academic Medical Center

Background: Massage therapy is offered increasingly in US medical facilities. Although the United States has many massage schools, their education differs, along with licensure and standards. As massage therapy in hospitals expands and proves its value, massage therapists need increased training and skills in working with patients who have various complex medical concerns, to provide safe and effective treatment. These services for hospitalized patients can impact patient experience substantially and provide additional treatment options for pain and anxiety, among other symptoms. The present article summarizes the initial development and description of a hospital-based massage therapy course at a Midwest medical center.Methods: A hospital-based massage therapy course was developed on the basis of clinical experience and knowledge from massage therapists working in the complex medical environment. This massage therapy course had three components in its educational experience: online learning, classroom study, and a 25-hr shadowing experience. The in-classroom study portion included an entire day in the simulation center.Results: The hospital-based massage therapy course addressed the educational needs of therapists transitioning to work with interdisciplinary medical teams and with patients who have complicated medical conditions. Feedback from students in the course indicated key learning opportunities and additional content that are needed to address the knowledge and skills necessary when providing massage therapy in a complex medical environment.Conclusions: The complexity of care in medical settings is increasing while the length of hospital stay is decreasing. For this reason, massage provided in the hospital requires more specialized training to work in these environments. This course provides an example initial step in how to address some of the educational needs of therapists who are transitioning to working in the complex medical environment

Effect of Massage on Pain Management for Thoracic Surgery Patients

Background: Integrative therapies such as massage have gained support as interventions that improve the overall patient experience during hospitalization. Thoracic surgery patients undergo long procedures and commonly have postoperative back, neck, and shoulder pain. Purpose: Given the promising effects of massage therapy for alleviation of pain, we studied the effectiveness and feasibility of massage therapy delivered in the postoperative thoracic surgery setting. Methods: Patients who received massage in the postoperative setting had pain scores evaluated pre and post massage on a rating scale of 0 to 10 (0 = no pain, 10 = worst possible pain). Results: In total, 160 patients completed the pilot study and received massage therapy that was individualized. Patients receiving massage therapy had significantly decreased pain scores after massage (p < .001), and patients’ comments were very favorable. Patients and staff were highly satisfied with having massage therapy available, and no major barriers to implementing massage therapy were identified. Conclusions: Massage therapy may be an important additional pain management component of the healing experience for patients after thoracic surgery