Comparative Study of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Techniques: Traditional Clipping versus Harmonic Scalpel Closure

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), a widely used surgical procedure to remove the gallbladder, can vary in how the cystic duct and artery are closed. This study compared the safety and effectiveness of LC performed using the standard method (TM) with LC performed with harmonic scalpel assistance (HLC). Methods: A prospective comparison research with 30 patients in each group (LC and HLC) of 60 patients scheduled for LC was conducted. The length of the hospital stays, the number of antibiotics used, the number of surgical problems, postoperative bile leakage, and the length of the operation were all recorded. Suitable tests were used in the statistical analysis. Results: When compared to LC, HLC showed considerably shorter operating times (35.1 4.079 vs. 47.933 8.026 minutes, p0.0001) and less frequent need for antibiotics (3.267 0.691 vs. 4.367 0.809 days, p0.0001). Surgery-related complications were comparable between groups (LC 10% vs. HLC 6.67%, p=0.549). Postoperative bile leakage in HLC (0%) were trending lower than LC (6.67%, p=0.157). A shorter hospital stay was the result of HLC (3.1 + 0.547 vs. 4.4 + 0.855 days, p0.0001). Conclusion: In comparison to LC, HLC offers benefits such as faster recovery times, less need for antibiotics, and shorter hospital stays. Although there were no appreciable differences in postoperative problems in HLC, there was a tendency towards less intraoperative complications. These results back up the use of HLC as a secure and effective cholecystectomy option. It is need to do additional study with larger cohorts and longer follow-up

The Role of Collagen Dressing in Enhancing Healing and Preventing Complications at Donor Sites following Split-Thickness Skin Graft Harvesting

Background: In reconstructive and plastic surgery, split-thickness skin graft (STSG) treatments are frequently used to treat a variety of skin abnormalities. However, managing donor sites is difficult because of issues including infection and delayed recovery. Although collagen-based dressings have showed potential in the field of wound healing, STSG donor sites have not been the subject of in-depth research. Methods: 100 patients getting STSG participated in this prospective randomized controlled trial, which was run between December 2020 and June 2022. The collagen dressing group (n = 50) and the standard saline dressing group (n = 50) were randomly assigned to the patients. Secondary outcomes were patient-reported outcomes and cosmetic evaluation, whereas primary results included healing rate and complication incidence. Results: Complete wound closure was achieved by 85% of patients in the collagen dressing group by postoperative day 30, compared to 62% in the regular saline dressing group. This represents a significant improvement in healing rates. When compared to the standard saline dressing group (18%), complications were lower in the collagen dressing group (6%). Patients who received collagen dressings reported less discomfort and greater satisfaction with their wound treatment. The collagen dressing group had better aesthetic results, according to cosmetic evaluation (80% rated "excellent"). Conclusion: At STSG donor sites, collagen dressings dramatically improve healing, lower complications, and enhance patient experiences. The use of collagen dressings in reconstructive and cosmetic surgery is supported by these data, which also point to prospective advantages. For these results to be validated and optimized, more study is required

Comparative Study of Endovenous Laser Ablation and Sclerotherapy for the Treatment of Lower Limb Varicose Veins

Objective: The comparison of endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) with sclerotherapy for the treatment of varicose veins in the lower limbs will focus on their efficacy, safety, patient-reported results, and cost-effectiveness. Methods: 190 suitable patients with symptomatic lower limb varicose veins were divided into the EVLA and sclerotherapy groups at random. Age, gender, and patterns of venous insufficiency were noted as baseline parameters. Reduced severity of varicose veins (CEAP classification), patient-reported improvement (VCSS and AVVQ scores), and adverse events were the primary end measures. Cost-effectiveness analysis and quality of life (EQ-5D scores) were secondary goals. Results: Sclerotherapy and EVLA both reduced the severity of varicose veins and enhanced patient-reported results. The majority of adverse events were minor and comparable between groups. Both groups had a marked improvement in quality of life. According to a cost-effectiveness analysis, EVLA might have a marginally better long-term value than sclerotherapy. Conclusion: For lower limb varicose veins, EVLA and sclerotherapy are both safe and effective treatment options, with comparable results in terms of symptom reduction and quality of life enhancement. Individual patient features, preferences, and the availability of healthcare resources should all be taken into account when deciding between these treatment modalities, with cost-effectiveness somewhat favouring EVLA. To determine the therapy outcomes' long-term viability, more investigation is required

Role of Neoadjuvant Paclitaxel Chemotherapy in Carcinoma Breast: A Prospective Study

  Objective: The purpose of this prospective study was to assess the value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel in the treatment of breast cancer. Methods: There were 88 diagnosed breast cancer patients altogether, 44 in each of the two groups (paclitaxel group and control group). To verify eligibility, thorough clinical, radiological, and laboratory evaluations were made. The reduction of tumor size, pathological reactions, and safety profiles were evaluated. To compare results between groups, statistical tests were used during data processing. Results: At 12 and 24 weeks, the paclitaxel group showed significantly smaller tumor sizes than the control group. In the paclitaxel group, complete pathological responses were more common, indicating efficient tumor regression. The side effects of paclitaxel therapy were generally well-tolerated and controllable. Conclusion: In conclusion, patients with breast cancer showed encouraging improvements in histological responses and tumor size after neoadjuvant paclitaxel treatment. These results suggest the potential advantages of using paclitaxel in neoadjuvant therapy protocols, perhaps making breast-conserving surgery more feasible. In order to provide more individualized treatments, future research should investigate long-term outcomes and biomarkers indicative of paclitaxel sensitivit

The Role of Serum Albumin Level as a Predictor of Post-Operative Outcomes Following Emergency Exploratory Laparotomy: A Prospective Study

  Background: An emergency exploratory laparotomy is a crucial surgical technique used to treat abdominal diseases that pose a risk to life. Optimizing patient treatment in this situation requires the identification of variables that predict post-operative results. A widely available biomarker called serum albumin has been suggested as a potential predictor of mortality, length of hospital stay, and post-operative problems. Methods: 100 patients who underwent emergency exploratory laparotomies between January 2021 and June 2022 were the subject of a prospective study. Clinical information was gathered along with measurements of the serum albumin levels prior to surgery. Post-operative outcomes were recorded, including complications, length of stay in the hospital, and mortality. Results: When compared to patients with normal albumin levels, those with low serum albumin levels (3.5 g/dL) had a greater incidence of post-operative problems (62% vs. 38%, p <0.05) and longer hospital admissions (12.7 days vs. 8.4 days, p< 0.001). Additionally, hypoalbuminemic individuals had considerably greater mortality (16% vs. 6%, p <0.05). Conclusion: In emergency exploratory laparotomies, pre-operative serum albumin level is a useful predictor of post-operative outcomes. Increased complications, extended hospital stays, and greater mortality rates are all linked to hypoalbuminemia. The therapeutic significance of serum albumin evaluation for risk stratification, preoperative planning, and well-informed decision-making in this complex surgical scenario is highlighted by these findings. To validate these findings and investigate potential strategies to enhance outcomes, more study is required

Comparative Analysis of Tacker and Glue Fixation in Laparoscopic Mesh Repair of Ventral Hernias

Background: Ventral hernias require cautious correction to avoid complications. They are a common surgical problem. Tacker and glue fixation are two widely used methods for laparoscopic mesh repair. This study compared the results of laparoscopic ventral hernia repair using tacker and glue fixation. Methods: From December 2020 to June 2022, 52 patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in a prospective trial. To the glue or tacker fixation group, the patients were ostensibly assigned at random. Hospital stay, hernia recurrence, complications, operating time, and postoperative discomfort were all evaluated. Results from the two groups were compared using statistical analysis. Results: Tacker fixation increased early postoperative pain scores (p = 0.029) and greatly decreased operating times (p< 0.001). However, there were no appreciable differences in the two groups' incidence of general complications (p = 0.437) or hernia recurrence (p = 0.624). The hospital stay was reduced for the glue fixation group (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Tacker fixation and glue fixation are both acceptable techniques for laparoscopic ventral hernia repair, each with specific benefits and drawbacks. The decision should be made with the needs of each patient in mind as well as the surgeon's preferences, taking into account things like operating time, postoperative discomfort, and hospital stay. To fully comprehend these fixation techniques, more research is necessary on long-term results including chronic discomfort and hernia recurrence

Coagulation Markers as Predictive and Prognostic Factors in Carcinoma Breast Patients with Lymph Node Metastasis

  Objective: The purpose of this prospective observational study was to evaluate the predictive and prognostic value of coagulation markers in patients with lymph node metastases and cancer of the breast, as well as their associations with important histopathologic criteria. Methods: Between December 2020 and July 2022, 100 patients from the surgery department of a tertiary hospital were enrolled in the study. D-dimer, fibrinogen, and prothrombin time were assessed as coagulation indicators. Documented histopathologic characteristics included tumor grade, size, lymph node involvement, and estrogen receptor status. Chi-square tests, t-tests, Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and log-rank tests were all used in the statistical study. Results: Elevated D-dimer levels were significantly associated with higher tumor grade (p < 0.05) and lymph node involvement (p < 0.01). Elevated fibrinogen levels were linked to larger tumor size (p < 0.05). Abnormal coagulation markers were correlated with reduced disease-free survival (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In breast cancer patients with lymph node metastases, coagulation indicators have the potential to predict disease severity and prognoses. Together with established parameters, their clinical utility may result in more precise care and better patient outcome

Comparison of Conventional Sutures Versus Cyanoacrylate Glue in Clean Operative Wound Closure

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficiency and results of cyanoacrylate glue and traditional sutures in the closure of clean surgical wounds. Methods: This randomized controlled experiment was conducted between December 2020 and June 2022, enrolling 100 patients who met strict inclusion criteria. To close wounds, patients were given a random choice between using cyanoacrylate glue or traditional sutures. Wound healing, infection rates, patient satisfaction surveys, and cosmetic evaluations were all included of the postoperative assessments. Results: There were no appreciable differences between the two closure techniques in the rates of infection or wound healing. Patients in the cyanoacrylate glue group expressed considerably greater levels of satisfaction with their postoperative discomfort and pain reduction. Cosmetic assessments showed better results in the cyanoacrylate glue group, with lower ratings for scarring, erythema, and uneven skin texture. Conclusion: For a clean surgical wound closure, both traditional sutures and cyanoacrylate glue work well. Cyanoacrylate glue has benefits in terms of improved cosmetic results and patient comfort. The selection of the closure technique should take into account the unique characteristics and desires of the patient, highlighting the significance of patient-centered care in surgical decision-making. It is necessary to do additional study with larger sample numbers and long-term follow-up to validate these findings and investigate their relevance in various clinical setting