47 research outputs found
Prioritizing Environmental Justice and Equality: Diesel Emissions in Southern California
Existing
environmental policies aim to reduce emissions but lack
standards for addressing environmental justice. Environmental justice
research documents disparities in exposure to air pollution; however,
little guidance currently exists on how to make improvements or on
how specific emission-reduction scenarios would improve or deteriorate
environmental justice conditions. Here, we quantify how emission reductions
from specific sources would change various measures of environmental
equality and justice. We evaluate potential emission reductions for
fine diesel particulate matter (DPM) in Southern California for five
sources: on-road mobile, off-road mobile, ships, trains, and stationary.
Our approach employs state-of-the-science dispersion and exposure
models. We compare four environmental goals: impact, efficiency, equality,
and justice. Results indicate potential trade-offs among those goals.
For example, reductions in train emissions produce the greatest improvements
in terms of efficiency, equality, and justice, whereas off-road mobile
source reductions can have the greatest total impact. Reductions in
on-road emissions produce improvements in impact, equality, and justice,
whereas emission reductions from ships would widen existing population
inequalities. Results are similar for complex versus simplified exposure
analyses. The approach employed here could usefully be applied elsewhere
to evaluate opportunities for improving environmental equality and
justice in other locations
Infection rates on dynamic network with <i>k</i>β=β200 clusters.
<p>Infection rates on dynamic network with <i>k</i>β=β200 clusters.</p
Possible behaviors of the dynamic community structure.
<p>Possible behaviors of the dynamic community structure.</p
Simulation results on arXiv e-print citation network.
<p>Simulation results on arXiv e-print citation network.</p
Algorithm 5. <b>Q</b>uick <b>C</b>ommunity <b>A</b>daptation (QCA) Framework.
<p>Algorithm 5. <b>Q</b>uick <b>C</b>ommunity <b>A</b>daptation (QCA) Framework.</p
Simulation results on Facebook social network.
<p>Simulation results on Facebook social network.</p
Modularity values on synthesized networks with known communities.
<p>Modularity values on synthesized networks with known communities.</p