The Dilemma of Old, Urban Neighborhoods

In his recounting of the suburban migration from America\u27s cities, journalist and broadcaster Ray Suarez laments the loss of the old neighborhood . He extols its virtues while explaining its decline. Suarez\u27s nostalgic examples recall the virtues of the extended family kinship, neighborliness, and other features of the urban village. These are often associated with those urban neighborhoods populated by recent immigratns. These urban villages were thought to have peaked in the decades between the American Civil War and the onset of the First World War, when many U.S. cities industrialized and grew very rapidly. However, a continuing movement of migrants from the southern United States, Puerto RIco, and during the past few decades from around the globe has meant the survival of the urban village in many cities. Like their earlier predecessors, these neighborhoods are often characterized by high rates of poverty and substandard social conditions. In contrast to the old urban neighborhoods populated by the new immigratns, many neighborhoods in the economically and socially distressed areas of U.S. cities have been largely depopulated and have abnormally high rates of abandonment and social problems. These neighborhoods are often highly segregated by race and ethnicity and have high concentrations of poverty. Old urban neighborhoods have been a focus of social policy for the past fifty years. The passage of the Housing Act of 1949 heralded a federal commitment, at least on a limited basis, to provide the public housing for the poor and decent neighborhoods for those living in the slums through urban redevelopment, later renamed urban renewal. In the ensuing five decades, various federal policies and programs have been inaugerated, some later to be either reformed or dismantled, to address the problems presented by these older, urban neighborhoods and their residents. The dilemna confronting policymakers has been that neglect promises even worse problems, the worst of which have been urban riots triggered by festering social ills. On the other hand, no past active approach has yet solved these problems. After briefly reviewing major federal initiatives, I will focus on the emergence, evolution, and experience of community deveopment coroporations (CDCs) based in these neighborhoods

Pure Yolk sac presenting with inferior vena cava thrombus extending from bilateral external iliac veins to hepatic vein

ABSTRACT Introduction: Vena cava thrombus is an extremely rare complication of testicular tumors. We report on an unusual case of testicular tumor presenting with inferior vena cava thrombus extending from the left spermatic and bilateral external iliac veins to the hepatic vein. Case report: A-35-year old man presented with a 6-month history of left scrotal mass and a 1-day history of bilateral lower extremity edema. Computed tomography (CT) revealed the presence of thrombus extending from the left spermatic vein and bilateral external iliac veins to the hepatic vein, and multiple lymph node and lung metastases. 3 cycles of chemotherapy were given after the left high inguinal orchiectomy. Pathological examination demonstrated a pure yolk sac carcinoma with lymphovascular invasion and direct tumor extension into the left spermatic cord. CT and positron emission tompgraphy-CT obtained no findings of metastasis or recurrence at 3 months after the chemotherapy. Conclusion: We review this seldom case and discuss the literature with regard to its diagnosis and treatment

The synchronous primary carcinomas of the rectum and prostate

The diagnosis of synchronous prostatic and rectal carcinomas is uncommon. To make a correct diagnosis, biopsies of both sites are mandatory. Pathological slides should be compared and immunohistochemical staining should be taken into consideration. In this paper, an unexpected case of synchronous rectal and prostatic carcinomas arising in an 84-year-old male with hematemesis and pelvic pain is reported. These two tumoral components have a distinctive histological appearance. Immunohistochemical evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of these synchronous tumors. This case emphasizes that rectal and prostatic carcinomas can arise simultaneously. In this situation, providing clinicopathological correlation and deciding the necessity of intraoperative consultation in proper time are extremely important

Sorafenib in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma With Sarcomatoid Differentiation

Targeted therapy in the management of metastatic renal cell cancer has been recently introduced to urology practice. The drugs used for management are used in a very limited number of patients and only for clear cell histology. We present a case where we administered sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor of tumor-cell proliferation and angiogenesis, to a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma of clear cell histology. We found that our results were different from those of previously reported studies, because sarcomatoid differentiation was evident in a histological examination of this case. There was an excellent response to sorafenib. This case report might provide evidence that antiangiogenic agents may be active in any histological type of renal cell carcinoma. However, there are no available data to demonstrate the duration of response and survival benefit

Prenatal Diagnosis and Fetomaternal Outcomes of Two Cases with Placental Chorioangioma

Placental chorioangiomas greater than 4 cm in diameter are rare placental tumors. They have adverse fetomaternal outcomes. We present our experience with two cases having a giant angioma and review the relevant literature

Disseminated Aspergillosis due to Aspergillus niger in Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report

Invasive aspergillosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Many cases of pulmonary, cutaneous, cerebral, and paranasal sinus aspergillosis in immunocompetent patient were defined in literature but disseminated aspergillosis is very rare. Here we present an immunocompetent case with extrapulmonary disseminated aspergillosis due to Aspergillus niger, totally recovered after effective antifungal treatment with voriconazole

Primary orbital neuroblastoma in a neonate

Neuroblastoma is an undifferentiated malignant tumor of the primitive neuroblasts. Orbital neuroblastoma is typically a metastatic tumor. We describe a two-days-old girl, who presented with a large tumor in her left orbit. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the tumor originated from the retrobulbar area, extending into the upper and lateral orbit. She was operated on the fifth day of life. A histopathologic diagnosis of neuroblastoma was made. Medical evaluation including chest roentgenogram, ultrasonography of the abdomen, whole body computerized tomogram and bone scintigraphy showed no evidence of systemic involvement or metastasis. Neuroblastoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of neonatal orbital tumors

A rare cause of glans penis masses in childhood: Fibroepithelial polyp

Fibroepithelial polyps of glans penis are very rarely seen in childhood. A 6-month-old male admitted to our institution with a slowly enlarging glans penis mass on the ventral side of the glans penis. The mass was totally excised, and hystopathological diagnosis was a fibroepithelial polyp. All of the reported cases published previously, except one, are of adult age and all of them have been associated with the history of long-term condom catheter use. The presence of the case in childhood; however, suggests that the pathology might be congenital. This is the second pediatric case presented in the English literature