Uterine adenomyosis with extensive glandular proliferation: case series of a rare imaging variant

PURPOSEWe aimed to investigate the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of uterine adenomyosis, in which there is an extensive area of high signal intensity in the myometrium on T2-weighted MRI.METHODSThis retrospective radiographic study reviewed a case series of six patients (mean age, 36 years) with adenomyosis. These patients were selected because, unlike in classical adenomyosis, T2-weighted images showed a larger area of high signal intensity than that of low signal intensity in the myometrium. The morphology of the myometrial lesions, patterns of contrast enhancement (n=4), intramyometrial hemorrhaging, diffusion restriction (n=5), endometrial lesions, and imaging findings after treatment (n=3) were evaluated on MRI.RESULTSThe patients’ clinical symptoms included vaginal bleeding and severe anemia. Four were administered hormonal therapy, one underwent hysterectomy, and one underwent enucleation. On T2-weighted images, all showed endometrial thickening and a high signal intensity area in the myometrium that was divided up by a mesh of low signal intensity bands, with an appearance reminiscent of a fish caught in a net. Other findings included gradual centripetal enhancement with contrast defects in multicystic areas (4/4), an intramyometrial hemorrhage (1/6), and increased diffusion (5/5). Following hormonal therapy, the uteruses decreased in size and were similar to those of classical adenomyosis on MRI (3/3). The lesions were diagnosed as adenomyosis with a proliferation of adenomyotic glandular tissue and a proliferative endometrial polyp.CONCLUSIONThis case series suggests that there is a subgroup of uterine adenomyosis that shows a characteristic “fish-in-a-net” appearance on T2-weighted images

Spawning ecology of Girella punctata and G. leonina (Perciformes: Girellidae) in the coastal waters of the Izu Peninsula, Japan

The girellid fishes, Girella punctata and G. leonina, are commercially important fishes in Japan, but interspecific differences in their spawning ecology are unclear. In the present study, seasonal variations in the species composition and gonadosomatic index (GSI) were examined for G. punctata and G. leonina collected from the coastal waters of the Izu Peninsula, in order to clarify the spawning ecology of these two species. Both adults and juveniles were genetically identified by PCR-RFLP using mtDNA. The GSI of G. punctata showed markedly high values (>15.0) in April, whereas the GSI values of G. leonina were constantly low (<0.5). This result suggests that the coastal area of the Izu Peninsula is utilized as a spawning ground by G. punctata but not by G. leonina. Juveniles of G. punctata mostly appeared from May to July, whereas those of G. leonina appeared during the longer period from January to June. Juveniles of G. punctata born in the study area are inferred to settle to the sea bottom around the spawning ground after a one-month planktoninc life phase, whereas G. leonina juveniles are likely to be immigrants from another area

Spawning ecology of Girella punctata and G. leonina (Perciformes: Girellidae) in the coastal waters of the Izu Peninsula, Japan

The girellid fishes, Girella punctata and G. leonina, are commercially important fishes in Japan, but interspecific differences in their spawning ecology are unclear. In the present study, seasonal variations in the species composition and gonadosomatic index (GSI) were examined for G. punctata and G. leonina collected from the coastal waters of the Izu Peninsula, in order to clarify the spawning ecology of these two species. Both adults and juveniles were genetically identified by PCR-RFLP using mtDNA. The GSI of G. punctata showed markedly high values (>15.0) in April, whereas the GSI values of G. leonina were constantly low (<0.5). This result suggests that the coastal area of the Izu Peninsula is utilized as a spawning ground by G. punctata but not by G. leonina. Juveniles of G. punctata mostly appeared from May to July, whereas those of G. leonina appeared during the longer period from January to June. Juveniles of G. punctata born in the study area are inferred to settle to the sea bottom around the spawning ground after a one-month planktoninc life phase, whereas G. leonina juveniles are likely to be immigrants from another area

The role of chest imaging in the diagnosis, management, and monitoring of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed a major public health crisis all over the world. The role of chest imaging, especially computed tomography (CT), has evolved during the pandemic paralleling the accumulation of scientific evidence. In the early stage of the pandemic, the performance of chest imaging for COVID-19 has widely been debated especially in the context of comparison to real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Current evidence is against the use of chest imaging for routine screening of COVID-19 contrary to the initial expectations. It still has an integral role to play, however, in its work up and staging, especially when assessing complications or disease progression. Chest CT is gold standard imaging modality for COVID-19 pneumonia; in some situations, chest X-ray or ultrasound may be an effective alternative. The most important role of radiologists in this context is to be able to identify those patients at greatest risk of imminent clinical decompensation by learning to stratify cases of COVID-19 on the basis of radiologic imaging in the most efficient and timely fashion possible. The present availability of multiple and more refined CT grading systems and classification is now making this task easier and thereby contributing to the recent improvements achieved in COVID-19 treatment and outcomes. In this article, evidence of chest imaging regarding diagnosis, management and monitoring of COVID-19 will be chronologically reviewed.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/173412/1/13244_2021_Article_1096.pd

A case of intermittent CT imaging for up to 2 hours following asymptomatic air emboli due to a CT-guided lung biopsy

Air emboli represent rare but severe complications of computed tomography (CT)-guided lung biopsy (CTLB). No reports exist regarding the behavior of air during the early stages of air emboli. We present a case of air emboli following CTLB, evaluated by intermittent CT over a 2-hour period, spanning from onset to resolution.A man in his 60s underwent CTLB for diagnosis of a slowly enlarging pulmonary nodule in the right lower lobe. Immediately post-biopsy, chest CT revealed air emboli in the right coronary artery and apex of the ascending aorta. The patient was in the head-down position on the CT table, and intermittent CT scans were performed over a 2-hour period until the air emboli resolved. Subsequently, the patient was discharged without any complications

Atypical Neurofibromatous Neoplasm with Uncertain Biologic Potential in the Posterior Mediastinum of a Young Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Case Report

Atypical neurofibromatous neoplasm with unknown biological potential (ANNUBP), proposed in a recent NIH consensus overview, is a rare precursor entity of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) patients. Only one report on imaging findings of ANNUBP is available. Herein, we present the case of a 19-year-old female, diagnosed with a mediastinal tumor by chance, who visited to our hospital. She had café-au-lait spots on her trunk and a past history of resected neurofibroma. Her family also had café-au-lait spots; therefore, an NF1-induced tumor was strongly suspected. MRI revealed a paravertebral mass of 7.5 cm in size consisting of an inner rim with low T2 signal intensity and an outer rim with high T2 intensity, which was similar to a target sign, adjacent to the pulmonary veins; the center of the tumor was well enhanced by gadolinium, and the peripheral region was myxoid and slightly enhanced. FDG-PET showed high FDG uptake, SUVmax of 8.5, although the peripheral region represented low FDG accumulation. CT-guided needle biopsy was repeated because of the suspicion of an MPNST, which resulted in the histopathological diagnosis of ANNUBP. Marginal tumor resection was performed, and the final post-resection histopathological diagnosis was ANNUBP transformed from neurofibroma; the region of ANNUBP lost p16 immunostaining, although it was retained in the peripheral region of the neurofibroma. There has been no recurrence or metastasis 1 year after treatment. In conclusion, ANNUBP could be represented as a well-enhanced homogeneous mass on MRI and a high FDG accumulated region on FDG PET/CT, as seen in MPNST, in NF1 patients

Sexual maturation of Girella punctata and G. leonina (Perciformes: Girellidae) in the neritic sea off the Pacific coast of Japan

The spawning ecology of the girellid fishes in Japanese waters has been reported almost only for Girella punctata, whereas little is known about Girella leonina. We examined sexual maturation of G. punctata and G. leonina collected from the coastal waters (neritic) of the Izu Peninsula and Tanegashima Island, based on gonadosomatic index (GSI) and gametogenesis, in order to clarify interspecific differences in spawning ecology. The GSI values of G. punctata in the Tanegashima Island region were markedly high in March, a month prior to the peak in April in the Izu Peninsula region. Girella punctata with elevated GSI had histologically mature ovaries and testes in spring in the both regions, suggesting spawning at this time of year. In contrast, the GSI values of G. leonina were much lower in the both regions, but the maximum GSI of both male and female G. leonina were slightly higher in the Tanegashima Island region than in the Izu Peninsula region. Furthermore, oogenesis in G. leonina was more advanced in the Tanegashima Island region. It is thus probable that Tanegashima Island is relatively near the spawning ground of G. leonina