The Effectiveness of Endoscopic Surgery of Juvenile Angiofibroma Using Surgical Glue

AIM: The current study aimed to provide a method for juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma embolization using Glubran glue in patients with low stage tumor. This method not only has less blood loss and good visualization but also impose a low cost, where no pre-operative embolization complications were found for this procedure. METHODS: Between 2012 and 2014, 30 patients with angiofibroma undergoing endoscopic surgery. Age, sex, tumor stage, average blood loss, complications, length of hospitalization, and recurrence rate of the tumor were the main measured outcomes. Furthermore, 30 patients were divided into three groups with matched age, sex, and tumor staging. Group 1 received glue (Glubran), while Group 2 selected for study without glue and embolization and pre-operative embolization was considered for Group 3. RESULTS: Based on the amount bleeding, the mean blood hemorrhage in Groups 1, 2, and 3 was 510, 1655, and 800 ml, respectively, the difference of hemorrhage between Groups 1 and 2 was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.007). Blood loss in Group 1 was found to be less than Group 3, but the difference of hemorrhage between Group 1 and 3 was not statistically significant (p = 0.678). No blood transfusion and complication were recorded for individuals in Group 1. The recurrence was found in 1 patient (10%) in both groups of 2 and 3, and no patient (0%) in Group 1. CONCLUSIONS: The direct intraoperative embolization technique with glue was capable of providing a more complete and targeted embolization of the tumor. Some advantages can be mentioned for this technique, including decreased blood loss, less radiation exposure, lower rates of complications, and recurrence, as well as shorter hospitalization time, the ease of procedure with a spinal needle and low cost

Evaluation of relationship between orthodontic treatment need according Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) and student’s perception in 11-14 year old students in the city of Shiraz in 2012

Background: Although the demand for orthodontic treatment is affected by understanding the needs for treatment and costs, patients’ concerns do not always match with expert’s assessments. To gain a clearer understanding of children’s orthodontic needs, treatment recommendations and how an abnormality can affect a child’s quality of life is critical. Information on the relationship between assessment of need for treatment and an individual’s perception of need for orthodontic treatment is of great interest for orthodontic service providers. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between need for orthodontic treatment according to Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) and individuals’ perception of need for treatment in 11-14 year old students.Methods: In this study, 240 primary and middle school students from the four educational districts of Shiraz were selected through multi-stage random sampling and completed the study questionnaire. Then dental examination was done by the dentist according to DAI index to determine the student’s need for orthodontic treatment.Results: According to the results, 73.8% of the students had DAI score of13-25 (little or no need for treatment), 15.2% had DAI score of 25-30 (specific malocclusion with elective need for treatment), 4.4% had DAI score of 30-35 (severe malocclusion with extreme need for treatment), and 6.7% had DAI score exceeding 35 indicating their serious need for orthodontic treatment. The total mean score of DAI was 23.57.Conclusion: The results revealed a significant relationship between the students’ perception of need for treatment and professional assessment of need for orthodontic treatment based on DAI index (P = 0.002).

Evaluating the Effect of the Medical Ethics Course on Increasing Knowledge of Professional Ethics Codes in Undergraduate Dentistry Students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: Awareness of ethics principles is fundamental to morality in professionalism. Medical ethics courses are the most important source of knowledge about professional ethics. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of these courses on increasing the knowledge of dentistry students about professional ethics codes.Methods: 51 dentistry students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences who had taken themedical ethics course in 2018 were evaluated through a multiple choice questionnaire related to the ethics code, with confirmed validity and reliability through an earlier published study (Cronbach′s alpa= 0.7). The students’ knowledge was evaluated before and after the course. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 18 using the Wilcoxon test.Results: The mean score of the students' knowledge increased significantly after the course (74% versus 83%, P<0.001). The scores related to veracity, patient autonomy, and justice codes were significantly higher after the course. However, mean scores of the beneficence and non-maleficence codes did not show statistically significant differences (P values = 0.317 and 0.354, respectively). Veracity code, significantly improved after the course; however, the mean score was still low (39%)Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that medical ethics courses effectively increased dental students' general knowledge about ethical codes. But in some certain aspects of ethical concepts like veracity, clinical and problem-based education are required

Fatty acid composition of the marine micro alga Tetraselmis chuii Butcher in response to culture conditions

Abstract Micro alga Tetraselmis chuii Butcher is one of the species that are considered to be important sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The aim of our experiment was to determine the effect of the light intensity and the water salinity on the growth and fatty acid composition of Tetraselmis chuii. There were significant correlation (P ≤ 0.05) between the cell density and light intensity and cell grow rate and light intensity, the correlation were r 2 =0.71; r 2 =0.74 correspondingly. The lowest concentration of the cell density was observed at the lowest light intensity and the highest salinity. Palmitic acid among the saturated fatty acid, oleic acid, among mono unsaturated fatty acid, alpha-linoleic acid among the PUFA, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) among high unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA), had the highest percentage. Variance analyses showed that the light intensity exhibited a significant correlation (P ≤ 0.05) with PUFA, HUFA. However there was not significant correlation among light intensity and SFA, MUFA. This result showed that relationship between environment conditions and fatty acid composition in T. chuii was significant thus it can be used to produce specific profile of fatty acids in this strain

Time-Dependent Antibacterial Effects of Citrullus Colocynthis Seed Extract Compared to Calcium Hydroxide in Teeth Infected with Enterococcus Faecalis

Statement of the Problem: Endodontic efforts are focused on eliminating intracanal pathogens. Applying intracanal medicament for infected teeth is beneficial for achieving better antibacterial effects in endodontic treatments. Different intracanal medicaments should be assessed and compared for this purpose.Purpose: to assess the antibacterial efficacy of Citrullus colocynthis seed extract comparing to Ca(OH)2 on teeth contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis.Materials and Method: In this in vitro study, a novel strain of Enterococcus faecalis (Enterococcus spp. ATCC 19433) yielded from the root canal treated tooth with persistent apical periodontitis. The canals of 78 human single-rooted extracted teeth were contaminated with mentioned strain and treated with Citrullus colocynthis essential oil and Ca(OH)2 for 1, 7, and 14 days. To determine the chemical composition of the oils, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was applied. The percentage reduction from baseline c.f.u./mL values was estimated.Results: Oleic acid, benzoic acid, and gallic acid were the major contents of Citrullus colocynthis essential oil. The c.f.u./mL count decreased considerably as contact duration rose for both medicaments. After 7 days, a statistically significant difference was identified between the medicaments. Citrullus colocynthis showed higher antimicrobial efficacy. However, after 14 days, no substantial difference was found.Conclusion: Citrullus colocynthis essential oil, displayed great antimicrobial efficacy against Enterococcus faecalis higher than Ca(OH)2 over the first week contact period

Typology of Anecdotes During 8th to 10th Century AD (Plus Introducing Two Manuscripts)

Researchers believe Resāla-ye Delgošā by Ubaid Zakani as the first literary book specifically dedicated to anecdotes. The second most famous book is Lataʼif al-tavaʼif by ʻAlī ibn Ḥusayn Kāshifī Ṣafī who is known as the inventor of classification based on social castes. As literary theorists often emphasize, no literary work is formed suddenly and works of every kind progress gradually under influence of the previous ones. The key question is whether the works by Ubaid Zakani and Ali Safi were sudden and with no support. This paper presents a record of anecdotes books and tries to show missing circles in the process of compilation of such books from the 8th to 10th century AD. We conclude that there were some minor books on anecdotes before Ubaid, which are not available today. We may safely claim that writing essays on anecdotes was a tradition common before Ubaid period and this will not undermine the value of his work. The same tradition continued after Ubaid and authors invented their own style. We can point to Majma al-Latayef and Majma-al-Navader as examples of two books on anecdotes compiled before Lataʼif al-tavaʼif by ʻAlī ibn Ḥusayn Kāshifī Ṣafī

A novel pathogenic variant in an Iranian Ataxia telangiectasia family revealed by next-generation sequencing followed by in silico analysis

Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a neurodegenerative autosomal recessive disorder with the main characteristics of progressive cerebellar degeneration, sensitivity to ionizing radiation, immunodeficiency, telangiectasia, premature aging, recurrent sinopulmonary infections, and increased risk of malignancy, especially of lymphoid origin. Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated gene, ATM, as a causative gene for the A-T disorder, encodes the ATM protein, which plays an important role in the activation of cell-cycle checkpoints and initiation of DNA repair in response to DNA damage. Targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on an Iranian 5-year-old boy presented with truncal and limb ataxia, telangiectasia of the eye, Hodgkin lymphoma, hyper pigmentation, total alopecia, hepatomegaly, and dysarthria. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the candidate pathogenic variants. Computational docicing was done using the HEX software to examine how this change affects the interactions of ATM with the upstream and downstream proteins. Three different variants were identified comprising two homozygous SNPs and one novel homozygous frameshift variant (c.80468047delTA, p.Thr2682ThrfsX5), which creates a stop codon in exon 57 leaving the protein truncated at its C-terminal portion. Therefore, the activation and phosphorylation of target proteins are lost. Moreover, the HEX software confirmed that the mutated protein lost its interaction with upstream and downstream proteins. The variant was classified as pathogenic based on the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guideline. This study expands the spectrum of ATM pathogenic variants in Iran and demonstrates the utility of targeted NGS in genetic diagnostics. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V

Immunohistochemical Evaluation of P53 and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Proteins Expression Levels in Gingival Tissue of Opium-dependent Patients

Background: Although evidence indicates that tobacco use is one of the risk factors for oral cancer, the relationship between opium addiction and oral cancer has not yet been evaluated. The present study was performed aiming to evaluate P53 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in the gingival tissue of opium-dependent patients.Methods: 102 individuals (70 men and 32 women) were entered in the study. 63 and 39 individuals were included in the opium-dependent group and opium-independent group (control group), respectively.  1 gingival biopsy was taken from each individual. The biopsies were fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde solution and embedded in paraffin at 56  ̊C. The slides were then stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (H & E) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) evaluation was performed with the antihuman antibodies of P53 and EGFR. The protein expression level was later assessed and data were analyzed statistically.Findings: P53 expression was higher among the opium-dependent group, however the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.052). EGFR expression was significantly higher among the opium-dependent group compared to the control group (P = 0.006).Conclusion: Opium dependency significantly affects EGFR expression in gingival tissue, however it seems to have no significant effect on P53 expression