Plasmonic Nano Silver: An Efficient Colorimetric Sensor for the Selective Detection of Hg2+ Ions in Real Samples

Environmental pollution caused by heavy metal ions has become a major health problem across the world. In this study, a selective colorimetric sensor based on starch functionalized silver nanoparticles (St-Ag NPs) for rapid detection of Hg2+ in real samples was developed. The environmentally friendly green approach was utilized to synthesize starch functionalized silver nanoparticles (St-AgNPs). A multi-technique approach involving UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used for the characterization of St-Ag NPs. These starch functionalized AgNPs were tested for the detection of heavy metals at 25 degrees C. The screening process revealed clear changes in the AgNPs color and absorption intensity only in the presence of Hg2+ due to the redox reaction between Ag-0 and Hg2+. The color and absorption intensity of nanoparticles remain unchanged in the presence of all the other tested metals ion. The proposed method has strong selectivity and sensitivity to Hg2+ ions, with a detection limit of 1 ppm revealed by UV-visible spectrophotometry. The proposed procedure was found to be successful for the detection of Hg2+ in real samples of tap water

جدید عہد کا سماجی منظر نامہ اور اُردو ناول

Literature is a criticism of life and the genre of literature "Novel" presents a complete picture of life after the Dastan due to its length and viscosity. Following Mathew Arnold and Premchand, literature is not merely influenced by the revolutions of the time, but rather the forerunner of revolutions, and the writer is the interpreter of social problems as well as the one who presents solutions to social problems. Great Novels written in different languages also seem to refine and promote freedom, love and social values with the reflection of social problems through narrative dialogue and characters at the lower level of their text. Before the Urdu novel, the stories written in the subcontinent like Kalila and Damna . Romantic stories translated into poetry (Heer ranjha, Saiful Muluk etc.) have been written directly or indirectly from the perspective of the encouraging future of the society. Early impressions of the Urdu novel written in the nineteenth century are adorned with objectivity. Marat-ul-Aros, Amrao Jan ada, Bazar Husan and Medan e amal are also the precursors of the social problems of this era and also the fodder for the ills of the society in different ways. Even fiction with progressive ideals seems to communicate the desire for a more inclusive society. During the life of the novel, in reaction to the heaviness of the objectivism of the early period, some kind of correction was tried to be expelled from the novel, but in the Urdu novel of the modern era, it is in good spirits without becoming a diagnostician of social problems and a narcissist. Future novelists are writing influential Novels. At the head of the modern age, the burden of the problems of the ancient era is also there in original or in modified structure and also the load of the empty life, ironically, of the globalization that transforms closeness into distance and distance into closeness protected by the slaps of consumerism. If the novelists draw the map of these serious social problems and the moment present the solution to these problems without undermining the technical accessories, then they will be able to become immortal. In this paper, the social problems presented in the novels written in the 21st century, respectively, "Po Ke Maan Ki Dunya", "Neeli Bar" and "Mangi Hui Mohabbat" will be explored in the context of the modern era.    

ملتان میں خاکہ نگاری کی روایت: قیام پاکستان کے بعد

Khaka is the translation of English word sketch which means to draw personality. But if we examine the meaning of this term, it means to present the external and internal characteristics of the personality impartially. The tradition of Urdu sketching in Multan can be traced back to the early period of Eulogise. In which the emphasis was on the praise and admiration of the personality rather than the actual qualities, but the modern outline seems devoid of the above influences. The names of Prof. Shamim Haider Tirmizi, Dr. Anwar Ahmed, Munshi Abdul Rahman, Asi Karnali, Dr. Maqsood Zahidi, Raziuddin Razi and Sajjad Jahanian are prominent among the modern sketch writers of Multan

Prevalence of rotavirus, adenovirus, hepatitis A virus and enterovirus in water samples collected from different region of Peshawar, Pakistan

Viral gastroenteritis and other water-borne diseases are the most neglected areas of research in Pakistan. To determine the quality of water, 4 enteric viruses were studied from different localities of Peshawar, Pakistan. The study validates the viral detection method for Rotavirus (RV), Human adenovirus (HAdV), Enterovirus (EV) and Hepatitis A virus (HAV), directly from water sources of rural areas of Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan. Overall, 95 five water samples were tested; among them, 9.47% were positive for RV, 38.94% for HAdV, 48.42% for EV and 12.63% for HAV. The presence of these viruses in water was directly correlated with meteorological data. High prevalence of EV and HAdV was detected frequently in the wet season from May – September, which can be the potential cause of spreading of gastroenteritis in the population. Environmental surveillance is an additional tool to evaluate the epidemiology of enteric viruses circulating in a given community

Plasmonic Nano Silver: An Efficient Colorimetric Sensor for the Selective Detection of Hg2+ Ions in Real Samples

Environmental pollution caused by heavy metal ions has become a major health problem across the world. In this study, a selective colorimetric sensor based on starch functionalized silver nanoparticles (St-Ag NPs) for rapid detection of Hg2+ in real samples was developed. The environmentally friendly green approach was utilized to synthesize starch functionalized silver nanoparticles (St-AgNPs). A multi-technique approach involving UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used for the characterization of St-Ag NPs. These starch functionalized AgNPs were tested for the detection of heavy metals at 25 °C. The screening process revealed clear changes in the AgNPs color and absorption intensity only in the presence of Hg2+ due to the redox reaction between Ag0 and Hg2+. The color and absorption intensity of nanoparticles remain unchanged in the presence of all the other tested metals ion. The proposed method has strong selectivity and sensitivity to Hg2+ ions, with a detection limit of 1 ppm revealed by UV-visible spectrophotometry. The proposed procedure was found to be successful for the detection of Hg2+ in real samples of tap water

Prevalence of rotavirus, adenovirus, hepatitis A virus and enterovirus in water samples collected from different region of Peshawar, Pakistan

Viral gastroenteritis and other water-borne diseases are the most neglected areas of research in Pakistan. To determine the quality of water, 4 enteric viruses were studied from different localities of Peshawar, Pakistan. The study validates the viral detection method for Rotavirus (RV), Human adenovirus (HAdV), Enterovirus (EV) and Hepatitis A virus (HAV), directly from water sources of rural areas of Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan. Overall, 95 five water samples were tested; among them, 9.47% were positive for RV, 38.94% for HAdV, 48.42% for EV and 12.63% for HAV. The presence of these viruses in water was directly correlated with meteorological data. High prevalence of EV and HAdV was detected frequently in the wet season from May – September, which can be the potential cause of spreading of gastroenteritis in the population. Environmental surveillance is an additional tool to evaluate the epidemiology of enteric viruses circulating in a given community