Kajian Bencana Tanah Longsor dan Mitigasinya di Desa Bojongkoneng, Kecamatan Kandangserang, Kabupaten Pekalongan

Bencana tanah longsor terjadi pada hari Minggu, 2 Februari 2014 di Desa Bojongkoneng, Kecamatan Kandangserang, Kabupaten Pekalongan. Akibat dari gerakan tanah tersebut, sebanyak 28 rumah mengalami rusak berat. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan metode identifikasi jenis gerakan tanah sebagai antisipasi kejadian gerakan tanah berikutnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa analisis data secara kualitatif yaitu penilaian faktor penyebab gerakan tanah, kemudian analisis kuantitatif berupa pembobotan dan observasi lapangan untuk validasi data. Berdasarkan pengamatan lapangan di dapatkan data bahwa lokasi penelitian memiliki morfologi agak curam. Litologi penyusun dari lokasi penelitian berupa litologi Batulempung sisipan batupasir. Tipe gerakan tanah pada lokasi penelitian merupakan tipe aliran tanah. Penyebab terjadinya gerakan tanah akibat dari relief yang terjal, litologi batulempung yang menjadikanya bidang gelincir, aliran hidrologi yang tidak baik dan curah hujan yang sangat tinggi. Selain itu, adanya pembebanan di atas lereng dimana tata guna lahannya berupa jalan desa yang dilalui kendaraan setiap saat. Metode teknis penanggulangan longsor yang ada di lokasi penelitian dapat berupa Soil Cut Slopes, Retaining Walls dan Pengendalian Saluran Drainase. Kata Kunci: Mitigasi, Gerakan Tanah, Aliran Tanah, Dinding Penaha

Swiss-Cheese operad and Drinfeld center

We build a model in groupoids for the Swiss-Cheese operad, based on parenthesized permutations and braids, and we relate algebras over this model to the classical description of algebras over the homology of the Swiss-Cheese operad. We extend our model to a rational model for the Swiss-Cheese operad, and we compare it to the model that we would get if the operad Swiss-Cheese were formal.Comment: 27 pages. v5: Minor corrections. To appear in Israel J. Mat

Formality of a higher-codimensional Swiss-Cheese operad

We study configurations of points in the complement of a linear subspace inside a Euclidean space, $\mathbb{R}^{n} \setminus \mathbb{R}^{m}$ with $n - m \ge 2$. We define a higher-codimensional Swiss-Cheese operad $\mathsf{VSC}_{mn}$ associated to such configurations, a variant of the classical Swiss-Cheese operad. The operad $\mathsf{VSC}_{mn}$ is weakly equivalent to the operad of locally constant factorization algebras on the stratified space $\{\mathbb{R}^{m} \subset \mathbb{R}^{n}\}$. We prove that this operad is formal over $\mathbb{R}$.Comment: 50 pages, comments welcome. v2: Added two appendices and corrected Section 5.

The Lambrechts-Stanley Model of Configuration Spaces

We prove the validity over $\mathbb{R}$ of a commutative differential graded algebra model of configuration spaces for simply connected closed smooth manifolds, answering a conjecture of Lambrechts--Stanley. We get as a result that the real homotopy type of such configuration spaces only depends on the real homotopy type of the manifold. We moreover prove, if the dimension of the manifold is at least $4$, that our model is compatible with the action of the Fulton--MacPherson operad (weakly equivalent to the little disks operad) when the manifold is framed. We use this more precise result to get a complex computing factorization homology of framed manifolds. Our proofs use the same ideas as Kontsevich's proof of the formality of the little disks operads.Comment: 61 pages. To appear in Inventiones Mathematica

The Formation of New Firms – An Empirical Analysis from Switzerland

Because of its importance to a dynamic development of the economy, the formation of new firms has been viewed with greater interest from policy makers at the national, regional and local levels and from representatives of private business associations, formal and informal networks. According to statements of the Swiss Federal Office for Vocational Education and Technology (BBT, Bern), there are more than 200 initiatives that aim at encouraging the formation of new firms in Switzerland. However, an accompanying scientific study of these initiatives is lacking. Serious knowledge gaps exist. The present research project attempts to make a contribution, in a systematic way, to fill in some of these gaps. It is based on a study of 20 case studies and of a large survey conducted in 1999 emong 745 newly founded firms in Switzerland. Initial results are presented concerning the fol-lowing areas: (1) Portrait of firm founders. (2) Success indicators of firm for-mation. (3) Factors affecting success of firm formation. (4) Relationships be-tween success and success factors. (5) Future prospects. Finally policy recommendations are drawn from our findings.Formation of new firms; new enterprises; small firms; small-to-medium-sized en-terprises; self-employed; start-ups; firm foundations; promoting start-ups; firm promotion; private sector promotion; Switzerland

Homological dimensions of the amalgamated duplication of a ring along a pure ideal

The aim of this paper is to study the classical global and weak dimensions of the amalgamated duplication of a ring $R$ along a pure ideal $I$

Channels of R&D Spillovers: An Empirical Investigation*

R&D spillovers are, potentially, a major source of endogenous growth in various recent "new growthJ theory" models. The purpose of this paper is to investigate empirically the effectiveness of various channels of R&D spillovers. The analysis is based on a survey conducted among 358 Swiss R&D executives representing 127 different lines of business, mainly in the manufacturing sector. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. Undertaking independent R&D was perceived by the R&D executives questioned as the most effective channel of R&D spillovers at the intra-industry level. This was followed by reverse engineering for product innovations and the utilization of publications and information from technical meetings for process innovations. 2. Learning methods that rely on interpersonal communication were judged as moderately effective in the following order of importance: 1. publications and technical meetings, 2. conversations with employees from innovating firms, and 3. hiring away employees from innovating firms. Especially the last method is not valued as effective in the Swiss context. 3. Learning methods related to the patent system - licensing technology and patent disclosures in the patent office were seen as moderately effective or not effective at all 4. The effectiveness of the various channels of R&D spillovers varies from one industry to another. 5. Finally results of the methods of multivariate statistical analysis (correlation, principal components and cluster analysis) suggested that the various channels of R&D spillovers could be reduced to subgroups, so that patterns of learning of competitive technology could be establishedKnowledge spillovers, technological opportunities, technical knowledge, firm learning, appropriability, Swiss firms