Evaluation, diagnosis and surveillance of renal masses in the setting of VHL disease

This brief report focuses on the evaluation and diagnosis of clinically localized renal masses in children and adults with Von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) disease. Counseling considerations pertinent to the urologists, medical oncologists, and multidisciplinary teams involved in the care of these patients are addressed. As practice patterns regarding the evaluation and management of VHL tumors can vary considerably, this report aims to provide guidance on some of the controversies associated with the diagnostic evaluation and initial management of localized renal masses in VHL patients

Abernethy Malformation – a Rare but Important Diagnosis Prior to Liver-Directed Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A 45-year-old man with incidentally discovered, unresectable HCC were treated with TACE to the left hepatic lobe and TARE to the right hepatic lobe. Upon retrospective review, he was found to have a congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt with the absence of the portal vein (Abernethy malformation). This case report discusses variant splanchnic and portal anatomy in the setting of rare, congenital portosystemic shunts and evaluates types of liver-directed therapies for HCC in this setting.</jats:p

Prostate Artery Embolization - Adverse Events and Peri-Procedural Management

As prostate artery embolization (PAE) for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia becomes more commonly performed, operator knowledge of the adverse events is essential to inform patient selection, patient preparation, and postprocedural management. The aim of this article is to discuss the incidence, presentation, and management of adverse effects after PAE

Inferior vena cava filter placement in a left IVC and drainage into duplicated SVC via hemiazygous continuation

Left-sided inferior vena cava (IVC) is the second most common anatomical anomaly of the IVC. We report a drainage pattern of the left IVC into a left duplicated superior vena cava (SVC) diagnosed during IVC filter placement consultation. The patient was a 66-year-old man with symptomatic hematuria caused by bladder cancer diagnosed with IVC thrombus and a left IVC found on a staging computed tomography urogram. The patient underwent computed tomography pulmonary angiogram, which ruled out pulmonary embolism, but demonstrated hemiazygous continuation of the left IVC above the diaphragm to meet a persistent left SVC (prevalence approximately 0.3%-0.5%) (Kim et al. 1995) [1] emptying into the right atrium via the coronary sinus. We report a novel drainage pattern of the left IVC into a duplicated left SVC via hemiazygous continuation. Keywords: Inferior vena cava filter, Inferior vena cava anomaly, Thrombus, Persistent left superior vena cav

Ablation of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma

AbstractIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver cancer but represents only a small portion of all primary liver cancers. At the time of diagnosis, patients are often not surgical candidates due to tumor burden of other comorbidities. In addition, there is a very high rate of tumor recurrence after resection. Local regional therapies, specifically ablative therapies of radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, cryoablation, and irreversible electroporation, have proven to be beneficial with other hepatic tumors. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview and update of the medical literature demonstrating ablative therapy as a treatment option for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.</jats:p