EVALUATION OF ANXIOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF AERIAL PARTS OF Sarcostigma kleinii Wight. & Arn.

 Objectives: The present study was designed to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of Sarcostigma kleinii through the ethanolic extract of its aerial parts.Methods: The study duration was five days and Swiss albino mice were subjected to dosage of 400mg/kg. The anxiolytic effect of the ethanolicextract was evaluated in light and dark, elevated plus maze, and stair case models. Finally neurotransmitters such as serotonin (5HT) and GABA wasestimated in mice brain.Results: The ethanolic extract was effective in inducing anxiolytic effects when compared with control group. Decreased serotonin (5HT) andincreased level of GABA was observed in ethanolic extract, when compared with control group.Conclusion: The alkaloids, flavonoids and other chemical constituents are speculated to account for the observed pharmacological effects of theplant extract in the experimental animal paradigms used. These findings suggest that the ethanolic extract from the aerial parts of Sarcostigma kleiniiexhibits significant anxiolytic activity.Keywords: Sarcostigma kleinii, Anxiolytic activity, Gamma-aminobutyric acid, Serotonin

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: An Outline

A degenerative brain disorder that leads to dementia and death. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease can develop suddenly, be passed down via the family, or be contracted through contact with tissue that is infected, such as after a transplant or by consuming contaminated meat. The most effective diagnostic tools is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scan, which can reveal patterns of abnormal brain signals characteristic of CJD.Diagnosis of CJD is usually based on brain biopsy. Currently there is no cure for CJD, therefore treatment is based to relieve symptoms and to make the patient feel as comfortable as possible. Treatment includes antidepressants to help with anxiety and depression, painkillers used to relieve pain

Study of Anticholinergic Effect of Moringa Pterygosperma Leaves Extract on Intestinal Smooth Muscle in comparison with Atropine

Anticholinergics are the agent that inhibits neurotransmitter acetyl choline in the parasympathetic outflow. Moringa pterygosperma is a commonly available plant that has been used commercially for its anticholinergic property. It also possesses antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer and hypocholesteromic properties. The aim of the study is to assess the Anticholinergic activity of ethanolic extract of Moringa pterygosperma in comparison with Atropine using in vitro experimental models. Ethanolic extract was prepared by soxhlation method. For in vitro study, isolated chick ileum was used. Chick ileum was suspended in an organ bath containing Tyrode solution at 37◦C with adequate oxygen supply. Effect of the Moringa pterygosperma extract was studied on ileum contractions induced by Acetylcholine and compared with that of atropine. Mean percentage response was calculated for ethanolic extract of Moringa pterygosperma and atropine. Ethanolic extract of Moringa pterygosperma and atropine inhibited ileum contraction induced by Acetylcholine. From this study it was concluded that Moringa pterygosperma extract have significant anticholinergic activity compared to atropine. These findings therefore raise hope for the development of a new anticholinergic drug with few side effects that may be useful in the treatment of conditions like diarrhoea, asthma, incontinence, peptic ulcer, and muscle spasms