Large Intraosseous Haemangioma of the Sacral Vertebra: The radiological imaging findings

NON

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF HALOPHILA OVALIS AND HALOPHILA BECCARII (HYDROCHARITACEAE): TWO IMPORTANT SEAGRASS SPECIES OF CHILIKA LAGOON, INDIA

Objective: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the total phenolic and flavonoid content and the antioxidant property of two important seagrass species namely, Halophila ovalis and Halophila beccarii occurring in Chilika lagoon, Odisha, India. Methods: Total Phenolic Content (TPC) of the extracts of Halophila species was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method with little modifications and the total flavonoid content (TFC) was measured by aluminum chloride colorimetric assay. The antioxidant activity of different extracts was investigated by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. IC50 values were calculated for the DPPH and ABTS methods. Result: The study revealed that the methanol extract of H. ovalis has greater antioxidant activity than H. beccarii. Methanol extract of both the species (H. ovalis and H. beccarii) was found to possess high phenolic content at value of 70.25 mg GAE/g of extract and 48.53 mg GAE/g of extract respectively. Similarly flavonoid contents was found highest in methanol extract for both H. ovalis (76.82 mg quercetin equivalent/ g of extract) and H. beccarii (64.28 mg quercetin equivalent/ g of extract). The antioxidant activity of different extracts of these two species were evaluated using DPPH and ABTS radical assay. The methanol extract of both H. ovalis and H. beccarii showed high radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 37.77 μg/ml and 52.25 μg/ml for DPPH and 25.62 μg/ml and 45.45 μg/ml for ABTS respectively. Conclusion: The study revealed the potential of the Halophila species as natural sources of antioxidants having considerable commercial importance

Periureteral inferior vena caval venous ring presenting as urinary obstruction

The embryological development of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is complex, and thus the vena cava may undergo a large number of congenital anomalies. Periureteric venous ring is a rare developmental anomaly of IVC where the right ureter passes through a slit-like opening in a partially duplicated infrarenal IVC, resulting in dilatation of upper urinary tract. Split-bolus multidetector computed tomography technique is useful in detecting such vascular anomaly causing ureteric obstruction as it can clearly show the vascular and ureteric phase in a single acquisition

Primary malignant giant cell tumor of the sternum

Primary malignant giant cell tumor (PMGCT) is a diagnosis based on the presence of a high-grade sarcomatous component along with a typical benign giant cell tumor (GCT). We report the first case of PMGCT of the sternum in a 28-year-old male with painless swelling over the manubrium sterni. The differential diagnoses of PMGCT and giant cell-rich osteosarcoma were considered. Surgical resection was performed, and the reconstruction was done with a neosternum using polymethyl methacrylate and prolene mesh. At 30 months follow-up, the patient is disease-free

A study of diffusion tensor imaging in central post-stroke pain: Traveling beyond the pain pathways

Introduction: Central post-stroke pain (CPSP), seen in the aftermath of a stroke, is an underdiagnosed entity but quite a disabling complication. All the postulated theories regarding the pathogenesis of CPSP point to its origin in the central pain pathways. However, this study attempts to demonstrate the role of other contributing areas in the generation of CPSP. Materials and Methods: In this single-center tertiary care hospital-based study, 24 patients with both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes of variable durations were recruited, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) imaging with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) acquisition was done. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the spinothalamic tract (STT), corticospinal tract (CST), superior thalamic radiation (STR), basal ganglia (BG), and primary somatosensory cortex (SSC) were compared between normal and abnormal sides and also in extrathalamic lesions separately. Results: Significant differences with lower FA were noted in STT, CST, STR, and SSC and higher ADC values in BG, STR, CST, and SSC on comparison between the normal and lesion sides. On individual sub-analysis, ischemic stroke had significant changes in the FA value of CST and the ADC value of STR and CST, while hemorrhagic stroke had significant changes in the FA and ADC values of STR and SSC, as well as the FA value of STT. In the analysis of the extrathalamic strokes, significance persisted in all the studied parameters except the BG. The CST abnormalities were evident even in patients with clinical motor improvement. On multivariate analysis, visual analogue scale score severity was correlated with thalamic lesions. Conclusion: Contrary to the belief that STT is solely responsible for CPSP, the role of CST, STR, BG, and SSC as contributing areas is evident from this study and may be more well established if studied in a larger population