Detection of single Nucleotide Polymorphism E326K of SHBG Gene in Breast Cancer of Iranian Females

Background & Objective: Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG) is a plasma glycoprotein that regulates the action of steroid hormones on several levels. Since SHBG is one of the growth regulators of breast cancer cells, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between polymorphisms E326K and the risk of breast cancer. Materials & Methods: This study was done as a case-control study on 79 patients with breast cancer and on 79 healthy women who had gone to Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital in Tehran. The average age of patients and control subjects were 48 -+ 8 and 43 -+ 6 years, respectively. After blood sampling and DNA extraction, genotyping of all samples were determined by PCR-RFLP method and the results were statistically analyzed using SPSS 19 software. Results: After counting the genotypes, their percentages in the cancerous specimens and control group were AA (56.9%), GG (35.4%), AG / GA (7.6%) and AA (12.6%), GG (77.2%), AG / GA (10.1%), respectively. In addition, according to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, in cancer patients, the frequency of allele A was 60.7% and the frequency of allele G was 39.2% and in control group the frequency of allele A was approximately 21.5% and the frequency of allele G was calculated 82.3%. Statistically, a significant correlation was observed between the homozygotes of the two groups (P-Value ˂0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that the E326K polymorphism in exon 8 of SHBG gene is associated with the risk of breast cancer and it may be a factor involved in it

Study of Fas 1377 G˃A polymorphism in breast cancer of Iranian patients

Background: Apoptosis or programmed cell death is essential for developing and tissue repair. Apoptosis stimulates by binding fas to fas ligand that plays an important role in regulation of the immune system. There are Conflicting data on the association between 1377 polymorphisms and susceptibility to cancer. This study has been conducted to investigation the relationship between polymorphism 1377 A / G in the Fas gene and breast cancer of Iranian patients. Materials and Methods: 65 patients with breast cancer and 57 control subjects were studied. In this study, PCR-RFLP method was used to determine genotypes. Statistical analysis software SPSS 19, by two-dimensional tables X2 test with 99% confidence intervals were calculated . Results: The results were showed that the genotype AA 70.7%, GG 27.7%, AG 1.53% of breast carcinoma samples and genotypes AA 56.1%, GG 17.5%, AG 26.3% prevalence among the controls. Also according to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of allele A in cancer patients was 71.5% and the frequency of G was 28.5% and the frequency of allele A in control subjects was 69.3% and for allele G 30.7% was calculated. Statistically significant relationship was observed between the two groups. (P-Value ˃0.01) Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, polymorphism 1377 G / A in Fas gene were associated with susceptibility to breast cancer, and it can be considered as a factor in breast carcinogenesis

Persian Autobiography Syllabus

This course covers autobiographical writings in Persian from premodern times to contemporary Iran. It reflects the emergence of autobiographical writing in the first days of Islam and an evolving sense of self, identity, and cultural cohesion, and then records transitions within the political/economic power structures in the geographical region. In addition, travel literature and perceptions of “otherness” are recorded, as well as gender roles, and politics